Penn Foster Information Literacy Terms

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wildcard

Back 1

substitute for letter(s) in a search word or phrase-usually an asterisk but also could be ?, !, or %

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web page

Back 2

a single HTML document

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URL-uniform resource locator

Back 3

distinct address of documents and other resources on the web

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truncation

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using a symbol at the end or middle of a word when searching a database to catch all spellings of the word

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protocol

Back 5

set of rules that computers use to communicate with each other

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primary source

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original source of info from someone who had firsthand experience

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periodical indexes

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index to articles in magazines, journals, newspapers, and newsletters

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periodical

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publication issued on a regular basis

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peer review

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obtaining impartial opinions from research/academic community on whether info is a suitable standard

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microforms

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photo or film copies

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what are 2 types of microform?

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microfiche and microfilm

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metasearch engine

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sends request to several other search engines for results

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journal

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issued at regular intervals and contains written articles-usually for specialized or scholarly audiences

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item record

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represents a physicial piece in the library

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ISBN

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International Standard Book Number-numerical code given to a book for unique identification

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IP address

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unique # that identifies specific internet server-formatted as series of #s and separated by periods

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index

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list of citations arranged by subject, author, or title OR section in back of book listing subjects

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hypertext

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way of linking one resource to other relevant info on the web

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hyperlink

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graphic or text string which jumps to new location in the current page

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HTTP

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hypertext transfer protocol-performs the request and retrieve function of a server

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HTML

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hypertext markup language-coding syntax used to write web documents

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edition

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all copies of a title issued by same publisher on same date

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domain name

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identifies specific computer on the internet

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cumulative index

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several previously published indexes combined into one book

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controlled vocabulary

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descriptive words added to items in database to make it easier to search a subject

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citation

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info retrieved after performing database search-will often include an abstract

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what does a citation include?

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author, title, # of pages, and dates

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browser

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software that enables viewing of web documents

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who is the Boolean operator named for?

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mathematician George Boole (1815-1864)

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bibliography

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list of published writings on a particular subject-may be separate publications or found at end of books, chapters, etc

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bibliographic record

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describes item in a collection including call number, author, title, subject, publication info, etc

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bias

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predisposition for particular point of view in a source, usually in unfair or unbalanced manner

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atlas

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usually volume of maps, but could also be illustrations on any subject

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article

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written essay or report on a subject appearing in magazines, journals, newspapers, etc

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almanac

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contains useful facts and statistical info-usually annual

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abstract

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brief summary of publication-often included in databases and indexes

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entry

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simple listing of publication in catalog or index

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what are 3 types of entries in a publication or index?

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author, title, subject

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field

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segments of info making up each record in database

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microfiche

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a 4 by 6 inch sheet of film

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microfilm

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reel of film

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plagiarism

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using source not of common knowledge w/out crediting the source by citing ideas and quotes, enclosing in quotation marks

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what are Venn diagrams?

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diagrams showing results of performining Boolean searches

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what are the 3 Boolean operators?

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and, not, or

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what will AND Boolean operator do?

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narrow search by returning records with BOTH keywords

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what will OR Boolean operator do?

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broadens search by returning records that contain either first term or second term or both

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what will NOT Boolean operator do?

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narrows search by excluding records containing word following not

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what is nesting?

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groups certain parts of the search statement together by using parentheses and OR Boolean operator to tell computer exactly what to search for

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what are the 4 types of atlases?

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road, general world, historical, and subject specific

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what type of info would you find in an almanac?

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facts about current events, countries and governments, historical events, world stats, population stats and trends, etc

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what is etymology?

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history of words and how meaning has changed over time

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what is literary criticism?

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provides summarized criticisms of an author's work, may also compare 2 or more pieces of literature

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what is a statistical source?

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stats on diff topics in tables, charts and graphs

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what is a primary source?

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from firsthand experience, written at time of event

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what is a secondary source?

Back 55

written after event and often based on primary sources

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which reference source would best answer where a president was born?

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almanac

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which reference source could you find out about of a former president's life?

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who's who in america

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what is a scholarly journal?

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reports on research and experiments to inform rest of scholarly world using graphs and charts but few glossy pages or pictures

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what is a trade publication?

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devoted to practical concerns and industries, trends, products, etc

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what is a professional journal?

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reports on concerns, issues, research, and news for specific profession

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what is a popular periodical?

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slick and attractive appearance, usually magazine, entertains

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what is a general interest magazine?

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provides gen info to specific area such as astronomy or science, heavily illustrated and has advertising such as National Geographic