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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Anemia
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Decreased number of RBCs
#1 hematologic disorder in kids Treatment based on underlying causes |
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Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA)
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#1 cause of anemia in kids
Iron stored in fetal erythrocytes, liver, spleen, and bone marrow |
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IDA Prevention
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Iron-fortified infant formula/cereal
Iron supplements for breast-fed infants Start checking hemoglobin at 9 months |
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IDA Treatment
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Given on an empty stomach
Supplements for 3 months after Hgb normalizes Drop can stain teeth |
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Iron Dosing
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Severe: 4-6mg/kg/day in 3 doses
Mild-Mod: 3mg/kg/day in 1-2 doses |
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Lead Poisoning
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Interferes with hemoglobin production
Affects bone marrow, RBCs, kidneys, and CNS |
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Sickle Cell Anemia
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1 in 12 African Americans have the trait
African, Mediterranean, Indian, Middle Eastern decent Autosomal recessive |
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Sickle Cell Anemia Symptoms
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Begin in 2nd 6 months of life
Pale, slightly Jaundiced with splenomegaly Hgb 5-9 g/dl Increased WBC, platelets, reticulocyte counts Fever, abdominal/chest pain, swelling in hands/feet due to infarction |
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SCA Complications
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Reduced visual acuity, leg ulcers, gallstones, poor growth and development, enuresis
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SCA Management
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Pain - PCA pump for kids
Hydration Blood Transfusion Splenectomy |
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Clotting Disorders
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Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia Purpura (ITP)
Henoch-Schonlein Purpura (HSP) Hemophilia Von Willebrand Disease |
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Idiopathic Thrombocytopenia Purpura
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Acquired autoimmune disorder
2-10 yrs Antibodies are formed that destroy platelets Acute or Chronic Post viral |
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ITP Manifestations
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Thrombocytopenia
Purpura - bruising Normal Bone Marrow |
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Henoch-Schonlein Purpura
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Associated with a virus
Vasculitis - inflammation of vessels Skin, stomach, kidneys(nephrotic syndrom), joints are effected |
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HSP Assessment
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Rash
Pain Bleeding Education |
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Hemophilia
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X-linked recessive inheritance
Longer time to clot blood |
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Hemophilia X-Linked Recessive
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Carried only by the mother
Only boys can get hemophilia |
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Von Willebrand Disease
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Most common bleeding disorder
1-2% of population Autosomal Dominant |
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Hemarthosis
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Bleeding into a joint causing swelling
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