Peds Exam 1

Front 1

What needs to be determined cognitively in a child before effective communication can be established?

Back 1

Cognitive age or the understanding level of the child. determined after the age of 6 months

Front 2

What types of questioned should the child be asked?

Back 2

Open ended

Front 3

What is the leading cause of death in children?

Back 3

Accidents

Front 4

List Piaget stages of mental activity.

Back 4

Sensorimotor (birth - 2yrs), Preoperational (2 -7yrs), Concrete operation (7 - 11yrs), Formal operational (12 - 15yrs).

Front 5

List Erickson's personality changes.

Back 5

Trust Vs Mistrust (birth - 1yr), autonomy vs shame (1 -3yr), Initiative vs guilt (3 -5), Industry vs inferiority (6 -12), Identity vs role confusion (12 - 18)

Front 6

List Freud's psychosexual theory

Back 6

Id, Ego, SuperEgo

Front 7

List the Five Stages of Freud's psychosexual theory

Back 7

Oral (birth – 1 yr): seeks pleasure through sucking, biting, etc.
Anal (1-3): toilet training, controls excreta
Phalic (3-6): interested in genitals, discovers difference in boys & girls
Latency (6-12): concentrates on playing and learning
Genitalia (12 and older): system reaches sexual maturity

Front 8

List Kohlberg three levels moral development

Back 8

Preconventional (2-7 yr): attempts to follow rules and adjust behavior
Conventional (7-12): seeks conformity, follows fixes rules
Postconventional (12 and older): strives to build a personal and functional value system independent of peers and authorities

Front 9

Using Erikson’s developmental theory, if a child age 3 to 6 years does not achieve a sense of initiative, which of the following may result?

Back 9

Guilt

Front 10

Which of the following is descriptive of a toddler’s cognitive development at age 20 months?

Back 10

Realizes that out of sight is not out of reach

Front 11

Which of the following characterisitics best describes the gross motor skills of a 24month old child

Back 11

Walk up and down stairs

Front 12

The parents of a 2 year old tell thenurse that they are concered because the toddler has started to u se baby talk since the arrival of their new baby. The nurse should reccmmend which of the following

Back 12

Ignore the baby talk

Front 13

A father tells the nurse that his toddler wants the same plate and cup used at every meal, even if they go to a restaurant. The nurse should explain that this is which of the following?

Back 13

Ritualism, common at this age

Front 14

In terms of cognitive development, the 5 year old child would be expected to do which of the following?

Back 14

use of magical thinking

Front 15

A 13 year old girl asks the nurse how much taller she will get. She has been growing about 2 inches per year but grew 4 inches this past year. Menarche recently occurred. The nurse should base her response on which of the following?

Back 15

About 95% of height is achieved at menstruation

Front 16

Which of the following statements best describes the infants physical development?

Back 16

Birth weight doubles by age 5 months and triples by age 1 year

Front 17

What is the best age for solid food to be introduced into the infants diet

Back 17

4 to 6 months

Front 18

Which of the following statements is true concerning susceptibility to pertussis (whooping cough)?

Back 18

Most children are highly susceptible from birth

Front 19

The psychosocial developmental tasks of toddlerhood include which of the following?

Back 19

Ability to withstand delayed gratification

Front 20

A parent asks the nurse about negativism in toddlers the most appropriate recommendation is which of the following?

Back 20

Reduce the opportunities for a no answer

Front 21

Which of the following is a useful skill that the nurse should expect a 5 year old to be able to master?

Back 21

Ties shoelace

Front 22

Generally the earliest age at which puberty begins is?

Back 22

Begins earlier for girls than boys

Front 23

An 8 year old tells the nurse that she has cancer because God is punishing her for being bad

Back 23

Children at this age believe that this is punishment (being sick is a punishment)

Front 24

A group of boys age 9 and 10 years have formed a boys only club that is open to neighborhood and school friends who have skate boards. This should be interpreted as which of the following?

Back 24

Characteristics of middle childhood

Front 25

A 9 year old girl often comes to the school nurse complaining of stomach pains. Her teacher says she is completing her school work satisfactorily, but lately, has been somewhat aggressive and stubborn in the classroom. The school nurse should recognize this as which of the following?

Back 25

Signs of stress

Front 26

The father of 12 year old ryan tells the nurse that he is concerned about his son getting fat. Ryan at the 50% percentile for height and the 75th percentile for weight on the growth chart.

Back 26

This is typical growth pattern for pre-adolescent boys

Front 27

Why do peer relations become more important during adolescence?

Back 27

They provide a sense of belonging

Front 28

An adolescents boy tells the nurse that he has recently had homosexual feelings. The nurse response should be based on knowledge that.

Back 28

The adolescent should be encourage to share his feelings and experiences.

Front 29

A school nurse has provided an instructional session about impetigo to parents of the children attending the school.  Which statement if made by a parent indicates a need for further instructions.

Back 29

Impetigo is most common during hot, humid summer months. It begins in an area of broken skin, such as an insect bite or atopic dermatitis. It is extremely contagious. Lesions usually are located around the mouth and nose but may be present on the extremities.

Front 30

A school nurse has provided instructions regarding the use of permethrin 1% (Nix) to the parents of children diagnosed with pediculosis capitis (head lice).  Which statement if made by a parent indicates a need for further instructions?

Back 30

Nix is an over the counter scabicide that kills lice and eggs with one application and has residual activity for 10 days.  Nix is applied to the hair after shampooing and left for 10 minutes before rinsing out.  The hair should not be shampooed for 24 hours after the treatment.

Front 31

A mother of a 3 year old child arrives at a clinic and tells a nurse that the child has been scratching the skin continuously and has developed a rash.  The nurse assesses the child and suspects the presence of scabies.  The nurse bases this suspicion on which finding noted on assessment of the child’s skin?

Back 31

Scabies appears as burrows or fine, grayish, thread-like lines.  They may be difficult to see if they are obscured by inflammation.

Front 32

A child with rubeola (measles) is being admitted to the hospital, In preparing for the admission of the child, a nurse plans to place the child on which precautions?

Back 32

Rubeola is transmitted via airborne particles or direct contact with infections droplets.  Respiratory precautions are required and those in contact with the child should wear masks.  Articles that are contaminated should be bagged and label.

Front 33

A nurse provides instructions to the mother of a child with mumps regarding respiratory precautions.  The mother asks the nurse about the length of time required for the respiratory precautions .  The nurse most appropriately responds

Back 33

Mumps is transmitted via direct contact with or droplet spread from an infected person and possibly by contact with the urine   Communicability is immediately before and after swelling begins.

Front 34

A mother brings her 6 year old child to the clinic because the child has developed a rash on the trunk and scalp.  The mother reports that the child has had a low-grade fever, has not felt like eating, and generally has been tired.  The child is diagnosed with chickenpox.  The mother inquires about the communicable period associated with chickenpox. A nurse plans to base the response on which of the following.

Back 34

The communicable period for chickenpox is 1 to 2 days before the onset of the rash to 6 days after the first crop of vesicles, when crusts have formed

Front 35

It is important that a child with streptococcal pharyngitis be treated with antibiotics in order to prevent:

Back 35

Children with Group A B-hemolytic streptococci infections are at risk for acute rheumatic fever and acute glomerulonephritis

Front 36

Which of the following is the causative agent for fifths disease (erythema infectiosum)?

Back 36

Human parvovirus B19 is the causative agent.  This is not the same parvovirus found in animals.