Peds Chapter 13

Front 1

Which of the following situations places infants at risk for developing vitamin-D deficiency rickets?
a) Exclusively formula fed
b) Exposure to daily sunlight
c) Mothers who are lacto-ovovegetarians
d) Families using yogurt as primary source of milk

Back 1

Families using yogurt as primary source of milk

Front 2

Deficiency of which of the following vitamins correlates with increased morbidity and mortality in children with measles and increased complications from diarrhea and infections?
a) A
b) C
c) Niacin
d) Folic acid

Back 2

A

Front 3

Which of the following vitamins increases the absorption of iron?
a) B12
b) C
c) D
d) Biotin

Back 3

C

Front 4

Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend as a good source of potassium for a child receiving diuretics?
a) Grains
b) Grains and legumes
c) Dairy products
d) Dark green vegetables

Back 4

Grains and legumes

Front 5

Which of the following food combinations will generally provide the appropriate amounts of essential amino acids for someone who is vegetarian?
a) Grains and legumes
b) Grains and vegetables
c) Legumes and vegetables
d) Milk products and fruit

Back 5

Grains and legumes

Front 6

Which of the following is most descriptive of kwashiorkor?
a) Has a multifactorial etiology
b) Occurs primarily in breast-fed infants
c) Results from excessive amounts of vitamin K
d) Is related to inadequate calories but adequate protein

Back 6

Has a multifactorial etiology

Front 7

Although infants may be allergic to a variety of foods, the most common allergens are:
a) Fruit, eggs, and wheat
b) Fruit, vegetables, and wheat
c) Eggs, cow's milk, and peanuts
d) Cow's milk and green vegetables

Back 7

Eggs, cow's milk, and peanuts

Front 8

Parent guidelines for relieving colic in an infant include which of the following?
a) Avoid using a pacifier
b) Avoid touching abdomen
c) Change infant's position frequently
d) Place infant where family cannot hear the crying

Back 8

Change infant's position frequently

Front 9

Which of the following is an important nursing consideration when caring for an infant with failure to thrive?
a) Establish a structured routine, which is followed consistently
b) Limit sensory stimulation and play activites to alleviate fatigue
c) Place child in an infants' seat during feedings to prevent overstimulation
d) Maintain a nondistracting environment by not speaking to child during feeding

Back 9

Establish a structured routine, which is followed consistently

Front 10

Nursing care of the infant with atopic dermatitis (eczema) should focus on which of the following?
a) Keeping the baby content
b) Maintaining adequate nutrition
c) Preventing infection of lesions
d) Applying antibiotics to lesions

Back 10

Preventing infection of lesions

Front 11

Which of the following interventions lowers the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)?
a) Smoking near infant
b) Sleeping in the supine position
c) Sleeping with parents instead of alone in crib
d) Making certain infant is kept very warm while sleeping

Back 11

Sleeping in the supine position

Front 12

Sensitivity to cow's milk in an infant may be manifested clinically by:
a) Irritability
b) Excessive crying
c) Vomiting and diarrhea
d) All of the above

Back 12

All of the above

Front 13

Which of the following diagnostic strategies is the most definitive for identifying a milk allergy?
a) Stool analysis for blood
b) Serum IgE levels
c) Challenge testing with milk
d) Skin testing

Back 13

Challenge testing with milk

Front 14

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends treating cow's milk allergy in infants by changing the formula to:
a) Soy formula
b) Goat's milk
c) Casein hydrolysate formula
d) Milk pretreated with microbial-derived lactase

Back 14

Casein hydrolysate formula

Front 15

If allergy to cow's milk is suspected as the cause of an infant's colic, the parents should:
a) Try substituting casein hydrolysate formula
b) Try substituting soy formula
c) Be reassured that the symptoms will disappear spontaneously at about 3 months of age
d) Be assessed for areas of improper feeding techniques

Back 15

Try substituting casein hydrolysate formula

Front 16

A positive association has been demonstrated between colic and:
a) Carbohydrate malabsorption
b) Excessive air swallowing
c) Colonic fermentation
d) Infant temperament

Back 16

Carbohydrate malabsorption

Front 17

Which of the following phrases best defines spitting up?
a) It is the return of undigested food from the stomach, usually accompanied by burping
b) It is abdominal pain or cramping that is manifested by loud crying and drawing the legs up to the abdomen
c) It is the dribbling of unswallowed formula from the infant's mouth immediately after a feeding
It is the same as vomiting

Back 17

It is the dribbling of unswallowed formula from the infant's mouth immediately after a feeding

Front 18

Other terms for failure to thrive include:
a) Growth failure and pediatric undernutrition
b) Growth failure and organic failure to thrive
c) Pediatric undernutrition and nonorganic failure to thrive
d) Organic failure to thrive and nonorganic failure to thrive

Back 18

Growth failure and pediatric undernutrition

Front 19

Which of the following categories of failure to thrive is based on pathophysiology rather than etiology?
a) Growth failure related to inadequate caloric intake
b) Growth failure related to inadequate absorption
c) Growth failure related to increased metabolism
d) All of the above

Back 19

All of the above

Front 20

If failure to thrive has been a longstanding problem, the infant will show evidence of:
a) Both weight and height being depressed
b) Weight depression only
c) Height depression only
d) Neither height nor weight depression

Back 20

Both weight and height being depressed

Front 21

One important strategy for feeding a child with failure to thrive would be to:
a) Avoid having the same nurse feed the child
b) Distract the child during meals with television and toys
c) Maintain a calm, even temperament during feedings
d) Vary the feeding routines to make the feeding time more interesting

Back 21

Maintain a calm, even temperament during feedings

Front 22

To increase the caloric intake of an infant with failure to thrive, the nurse might recommend:
a) Using developmental stimulation by a specialist during feedings
b) Avoiding solid until after the bottle is well accepted
c) Being persistent through 10 to 15 minutes of food refusal
d) Varying the schedule for routine activities on a daily basis

Back 22

Being persistent through 10 to 15 minutes of food refusal

Front 23

The incidence of diaper dermatitis is generally reported as greater in bottle-fed infants than in breast-fed infants because in breast-fed infants there is a lower:
a) Ammonia content in the urine
b) pH content of the feces
c) Microbial content of the feces
d) Number of stools per day

Back 23

pH content of the feces

Front 24

Parents of an infant with diaper dermatitis should be encouraged to:
a) Wash the skin frequently
b) Mix zinc oxide thoroughly with antifungal cream
c) Use a hand-held dryer on the open lesions
d) Use diapers with super absorbent gel

Back 24

Use diapers with super absorbent gel

Front 25

Seborrheic dermatitis is usually not manifested as:
a) Eczema
b) Cradle cap
c) Blepharitis
d) Otitis externa

Back 25

Eczema

Front 26

True/False
The incidence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is associated with diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccines.

Back 26

False

Front 27

True/False
Maternal smoking during and after pregnancy has been implicated as a contributor to SIDS.

Back 27

True

Front 28

True/False
Parents should be advised to position their infants on their abdomen to prevent SIDS.

Back 28

False

Front 29

True/False
The nurse should encourage the parents to sleep in the same bed as the infant who is being monitored for apnea of infancy in order to detect subtle clinical changes.

Back 29

False

Front 30

True/False
To prevent SIDS, parents should avoid using soft, moldable mattresses and pillows in the bed.

Back 30

True