Peds A

Front 1

Age for stranger anxiety

Back 1

6-9 months

Front 2

Common cause of severe combined immunodefiency

Back 2

adenosine deaminase deficiency (autosomal recessive)

Front 3

Small, pink, salmon-colored macular rash; high-spiking fevers, hepatospelenomegaly (HSM)

Back 3

Systemic (10-20%), "Still's disease"

Front 4

Treated with IV immunoglobulin (IVIG) and high-dose aspirin"

Back 4

Kawasaki disease

Front 5

treatment of croup

Back 5

supportive, but racemic epi and corticosteroids reduce length of time in ER and hospital

Front 6

Name the immunodeficiency syndrome characterized by cerebellar ataxia, oculocutaneous telangiectasia, decreased T-cell function, and low antibody levels.

Back 6

Ataxia telangiectasia

Front 7

Hot water should be less than

Back 7

110-120F

Front 8

Dx of HSV

Back 8

Tzanck smear, tx: acyclovir

Front 9

A 6 month old girl presents with optic atrophy, spasticity, and dies within 1 month. What is the most likely cause of death

Back 9

Krabbes disease

Front 10

Peak incidence of Wilms tumor in peds

Back 10

2 years

Front 11

CHF presentation in an infant

Back 11

weak, diaphoretic, poor weight gain, tacypnea w/ retractions. lungs: cracckles, wheezes.

Front 12

Roseola - rash

Back 12

Small, blanchable macules and papules

Front 13

Tuberous Sclerosis - description

Back 13

Rare inheritied Neurocutaneous disorder w/ cutaneous manifestations

Front 14

Presentation of TTP

Back 14

1) Thrombocytopenia
2) Schistocytosis
3) Elevated serum LDH levels
4) Absence of other disease entities that could explain the thrombocytopenia and microcytic hemolytic anemia

Front 15

Age for social smile

Back 15

1-2 months

Front 16

At what age are you able to write script?

Back 16

8 years

Front 17

Aniridia and hemihypertrophy (one side of body larger then other)"

Back 17

Wilms Tumor

Front 18

characteristics that CMV and toxo share

Back 18

jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, microcephaly,

Front 19

How do you diagnose absence seizures

Back 19

EEG will show the classic 3-Hz spike-and-wave pattern

Front 20

the type of ROP that has highly active ROP and must be considered for early treatment is

Back 20

prethreshold 1

Front 21

When does a child wave bye bye?

Back 21

10 months

Front 22

gross motor skills at 12 mo

Back 22

walks alone

Front 23

signs of autism may appear around the same time children receive a vaccine to prevent what dz

Back 23

MMR prevents rubella

Front 24

conjunctivitis with lymph nodes

Back 24

viral etiology: watery, red eyes with preauricular lymph nodes

Front 25

How does an annular pancreas form

Back 25

A band of pancreatic tissue (from a bifid ventral pancreatic bud) surrounds the duodenum

Front 26

clinical presentation of acute arsenic poisoning

Back 26

"n/v/d, abdominal pain

Front 27

Kallman Syndrome

Back 27

X-linked hypogonadotropic hypogonadism affecting males sand females, associated with anosmia, cleft lip/palate, and other midline defects

Front 28

complement deficiencies (C5 through C9) usually have

Back 28

Recurrent neisserial infections

Front 29

There is a prominent systolic ejection click just after S1, and a harsh systolic ejection murmur.

Back 29

pulmonic stenosis

Front 30

digitalis toxicity in infants

Back 30

vomiting

Front 31

the inheritance in 90% of cases of Stargartz (juvenile blindness=fundus flavimaculatus)

Back 31

AR

Front 32

Social smile"

Back 32

1 - 2 months

Front 33

how would you correct an amblyopic child with bilateral hyper of 7.0D with a large XP that tropes with full + correction

Back 33

partially correct

Front 34

how do you differentiate psoriasis from Reiter's syndrome witha psoriatic rash

Back 34

Reiter's syndrome will inolve the mucous membranes, Psoriasis does not.

Front 35

At what age do you use scissors?

Back 35

4 years old

Front 36

what is the most common cause of amblyopia

Back 36

strabismus

Front 37

Medications that are contraindicated in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Back 37

positive ionotropes

Front 38

What are the clinical manifestations of phagocytic immunodeficiency syndromes?

Back 38

Poor wound healing, abscess formation, and granulomas

Front 39

A 4 month old girl has a history of cyanosis while feeding. She has an x-ray that reveals a boot-shaped heart. Diagnosis?

Back 39

Tetralogy of Fallot

Front 40

tx of sinusitis

Back 40

antibiotics for 10-14 days

Front 41

what is seen in the serum of someone with a pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma?

Back 41

Cold Agglutinins

Front 42

PID treatment

Back 42

Doxycycline for 2 wks.

Front 43

vacterl

Back 43

vertebral
anal
cv
te
renal
limb

Front 44

Most common primary immunodeficiency

Back 44

IgA deficiency

Front 45

Define failure to thrive

Back 45

growth below 5th percentile for age

Front 46

Features of X-linked agammaglobulinemia

Back 46

X-linked recessive, so seen in boys

Front 47

Lymph nodes and thymus in severe combined immunodefiency are usually

Back 47

hypoplastic or absent

Front 48

tx of clubfoot

Back 48

"bracing

Front 49

Features of peripheral smear in ITP

Back 49

Normal

Front 50

When does a child crawl?

Back 50

10 months

Front 51

Roseola - rash presentation?

Back 51

Sudden onset as high fever lysis in healthy infant

Front 52

What is the most common soft tissue tumor of childhood and adolescence

Back 52

Rhabdomyosarcoma

Front 53

gross motor skills at 1 mo old

Back 53

raises head

Front 54

Treatment of Osgood-Schlatter disease

Back 54

rest/activity restriction

Front 55

What is a milder form of dystrophinopathy that also contains a mutated dystrophin gene

Back 55

Becker's muscular dystrophy

Front 56

retinoscopy (over/under) est. hyperopia in small eyes. by how much is it over/under est?

Back 56

over by 1/3

Front 57

fine motor skills at 4 yrs

Back 57

catches ball

Front 58

What is the preschooler's concept of bodily injury?

Back 58

Fear of body mutilation

Front 59

When does growth end?

Back 59

Girl-15, boys-17

Front 60

Originates from cerebellar vermis and grows to the fourth ventricle

Back 60

Medulloblastoma

Front 61

caused by parvovirus B19. There is frequently an associated low-grade fever (100 to 101) with a rash appearing 7 to 10 days later. The characteristic rash starts as facial erythema -- the "slapped cheek" appearance. This can spread to the trunk and have an erythematous macular appearance. Central clearing of the rash appears, giving a lacy appearance. The rash often lasts longest on the extremities, where it has a lacy, reticular appearance.

Back 61

Erythema infectiosum - Also called fifth disease, t

Front 62

social milestones at 6 mo

Back 62

recognizes strangers

Front 63

What are the different types of VSD

Back 63

Membranous (most common)

Front 64

systemic manifest to CMV

Back 64

hearing loss, rash (blueberry baby)

Front 65

Which process, omphalocele or gastroschisis, has no umbilical ring

Back 65

omphalocele

Front 66

systemic manifest unique to toxo

Back 66

anemia, fever, intracran calcifications, seizures

Front 67

very low T- and B-cells (lymphopenia) with bacterial and fungal infections"

Back 67

SCID

Front 68

After a prodrome of fever (over 101), cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis, this maculopapular rash starts on the neck, behind the ears, and along the hairline. It spreads downward, and reaches the feet in 2-3 days. Immunization is very effective in preventing this infection.

Back 68

measles

Front 69

Treatment for meningitis caused by Cryptococcus

Back 69

"Amphotericin

Front 70

Common previous infection for TTP

Back 70

none

Front 71

mechanism behind bell's palsy in neonates

Back 71

forceps deliver... usually resovles

Front 72

imaging most specific for intussusception

Back 72

"barium (or air) enema

Front 73

TORCH cause of autism

Back 73

congenital rubella

Front 74

Separation in the sensorimotor stage of Cognitive development?

Back 74

Self from others-4-8 months:6-8 months is when it really kicks in

Front 75

Pyloric Stenosis

Back 75

"Pyloric stenosis is 3 P's:

Front 76

What is the cause of Hypoglycemia in a newborn from a mother with DM?

Back 76

Fetal Hyperinsulinemia

Front 77

List two of the most common T-cell immunodeficiency syndromes

Back 77

DiGeorge's syndrome and ataxia telangiectasia

Front 78

developmental dysplasia of the hip

Back 78

"abnml relationship between head of femur and acetabulum --> instabilility and dislocation of hip joint

Front 79

Pathology of Chediak-Higashi syndrome

Back 79

defect in microtubule polymerization

Front 80

embryology behind malrotation of midgut

Back 80

midgut undergoes partial rotation and --> abnormal position fo abdominal viscera, can be assoc with volvulus --> compromised blood flow and gangrene

Front 81

What is the most common congenital heart defect?

Back 81

VSD

Front 82

fine motor skills at 5 yrs

Back 82

ties shoes

Front 83

What is the germline deletion associated with Wilms tumor

Back 83

WT1.

Wilms tumor is the no. 1 cause of renal tumors in childhood

Front 84

Holostyolic murmur next to sternum

Back 84

VSD

Front 85

Most common cause of delayed puberty

Back 85

constitutional delay (normal variant)

Front 86

bronchoalveolar lavage

Back 86

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is a medical procedure in which a bronchoscope is passed through the mouth into the lungs and fluid is squirted into a small part of the lung and then recollected for examination. BAL is typically performed to diagnose lung disease. In particular, BAL is commonly used to diagnose infections in people with immune system problems, pneumonia in people on ventilators, some types of lung cancer, and scarring of the lung (interstitial lung disease).

Front 87

Preoperational stage of Piaget's Cognitive Development?

Back 87

2 to 7 years

Front 88

X-ray finding for epiglottitis

Back 88

thumb sign on lateral neck x-ray

Front 89

usual location of chorioretinitis in HSV

Back 89

peripheral retina, well circumscribed hyperpigmnted scars

Front 90

What cardiac defect is associated with Turner's syndrome

Back 90

Coarctation of the aorta

Front 91

Solitary Mastocytoma - Lesion

Back 91

Solitary brown-pink plaque

Front 92

Name three glycogen storage diseases

Back 92

Type I- von Gierke
Type II Pompe
Type VI Mcardle

Front 93

A 2 year old girl presents with a flat, hypoplastic face, prominent epicanthal skin folds, small, low-set ears, stubby fingers, a transverse palmar crease, and mental retardation. What is the diagnosis and what cardiac malformation do you suspect

Back 93

Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) with an endocardial cushion defect

Front 94

Industry vs. Inferiority stage of Erikson's psychosocial development?

Back 94

6 to 12 years

Front 95

Typical age for osteosarcoma

Back 95

10-20 year olds

Front 96

which 3 infections if already experienced by the mother prior to preg, pos noo further risk to the fetus

Back 96

primary rubella, varicella

Front 97

Adult-like thinking begins at what age?

Back 97

15

Front 98

Common previous infection for ITP

Back 98

viral, esp in children

Front 99

Inheritance of Wiskott-Aldrich deficiency

Back 99

X linked recessive
(almost exclusively males)

Front 100

How much weight does a preschool child (3-5) gain each year/ inches grown each year?

Back 100

5 lbs and 2-3 inches/year

Front 101

Palpable purpura, abdominal pain, and hematuria"

Back 101

Henoch-Schonlein purpura

Front 102

Antisocial personality disorder must have what diagnosis as child

Back 102

conduct disorder

Front 103

erythematous macules and plaques appear in stocking and glove distribution 1-3 days after onset of fever. Spreads to involve trunk and extremieits w/in 2 daiys, lasts an average of 12 days

Back 103

Kawasaki's disease

Front 104

Apical Click followed by a late-systolic murmur"

Back 104

Mitral Prolapse

Front 105

fever and petechiae on palms and soles of feet

Back 105

RMSF

Front 106

when to do w/u for diarrhea in a child

Back 106

"in infant <3mo, do blood cx

Front 107

Most common kidney malignancy in children

Back 107

Wilms tumor

Front 108

short, Inc calcium, developmental delay, overy friendly, supravalvular aortic stenosis

Back 108

Williams syndrome

Front 109

Urticaria Pigmentosa - what happens when rubbed?

Back 109

Darier's sign of whealing

Front 110

strawberry tongue: erythematous tongue with prominent papillae

Back 110

streptococcal pharyngitis and Kawasaki disease

Front 111

until age 3.5, a partial correction is advised for astigmatism (T/F)

Back 111

TRUE

Front 112

Meningococcemia"

Back 112

"Adrenal Failure/Hemorrhage

Front 113

Major differential diagnosis of flank tumor in a child

Back 113

"- Wilms tumor (kidney)

Front 114

Name the three most common B-cell deficiency syndromes

Back 114

X-linked aggamaglobulinemia, common-variable immunodeficiency, and selective IgA deficiency

Front 115

What are the characteristics of Meckel's diverticulum

Back 115

"2% of the general population, 2 ft from the ileocecal valve, 2 in. in length, 2 years old or younger, typically

Front 116

causes of leukocoria

Back 116

"retinoblastoma (--> death and visceral mets in all cases)

Front 117

pus in middle meatus of the nose is draining from...

Back 117

maxillary sinux, frontal, ro anterior ethmoid sinuses

Front 118

unilateral nasal discharge, obstruction, and fould smelling discharge, purulent, maldorou,sb.oody discharge

Back 118

examine for a nasal foreign body

Front 119

Delayed passage of meconium, chronic constipation, FTT, air in bowel"

Back 119

Hirschprung's Dz

Front 120

recurrent pneumonia in an otherwise heatly child...think

Back 120

foreign body/anatomical blockade of airway

Front 121

What are the best nondrug measures to reduce pain in school age and adolescents?

Back 121

Guided imagery

Front 122

2 things that parvovirus B19 causes

Back 122

Erythema infectiousum aplastic crisis

Front 123

minor for RF

Back 123

arthalgias, fever or hx of RF, increased ESr, Pos CRP, increase WBC and anemai, prolonged PR and QT on ECg. most common finding is arthralgias

Front 124

Nevus Sebaceous - Location

Back 124

Usually on scalp

Front 125

fever, cough and tachypnea in a child with Sickle Cell Anemia

Back 125

manifestations of pneumonia, pulmonary thromboemboli, or sepsis. need to manage patient immediately.

Front 126

a child presents with a wide-based gait, decreased vibratory and position sense in lower extremities, absent ankle jerk bilaterally, atrophy of cervical spinal cord and T-wave inversions"

Back 126

Friedreich Ataxia

Front 127

gross motor skills at 24 mo

Back 127

walks well up and down stairs

Front 128

stage 5 ROP

Back 128

funnel shaped total retinal detachment.

Front 129

child with epistaxis, prolonged bleeding time, and nml platelet count

Back 129

von Willebrand's Disease

Front 130

Rubella - rash

Back 130

"Erythematous macules and papules

Front 131

battle's sign

Back 131

basilar skull fx that leads to bleeding/bruise behind the ear

Front 132

findings in classic hemophilia

Back 132

bleeding problems + hemarthrosis

Front 133

Skin finding in patients with severe combined immunodefiency

Back 133

usually have cutaneous anergy

Front 134

Treat refractory cases of enuresis with

Back 134

imipramine

Front 135

Number one preventable cause of mental retardation

Back 135

fetal alcohol syndrome

Front 136

Definition of delayed puberty in boys

Back 136

No testicular enlargement by 14 years old

Front 137

Rolls onto Back

Back 137

4 months

Front 138

left axis deviation and hypertrophy of the LV can happen in what cyanotic heart defect

Back 138

Tricuspid Atresia can cause a hypoplastic RV leading to left axis deviation. the rest cause right axis deviation

Front 139

what percentage of infants have astigmatism>1.0

Back 139

50%

Front 140

congenital cystoid adenomatous malformation

Back 140

congential dysfunction of the development of the bronchioles

Front 141

complication of neonatal lupus

Back 141

thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, rash, liver dysfunction, and congenital heart block

Front 142

combination of hyponatermia and hyperkalemia clue you into what congenital problem

Back 142

congenital adrenal hyperplasia: most commonly caused by 21-hyrdoxylase deficiency. can have severe salt wasting due to decreased aldosterone and cortisol. Females have ambiguosu genitalia.

Front 143

nursemaids elbow

Back 143

subluxation of radial head

Front 144

MC type of Ambiguous genitalia

Back 144

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

Front 145

What should you look for in patient with frequent respiratory and GI infections?

Back 145

IgA deficiency

Front 146

Congenital Nevi - types

Back 146

"1. Giant Hairy Nevus

Front 147

When is encopresis considered abnormal?

Back 147

4 years old

Front 148

Combined Immunodeficiencies

Back 148

SCID

Front 149

A 17 year old boy presents with lower abdominal cramping and bloody diarrhea. Colonoscopy reveals mucosal damage extending from the rectum proximally in a continuous fashion. What do you suspect

Back 149

Ulcerative colitis

Front 150

Optic atrophy, spasticity, Globoid bodies in brain

Back 150

Krabbe's Dz

Front 151

medical tx of hyperthyroidism

Back 151

Propylthiouracil 5-10 mg/kg/day q8h PO and Propranolol 0.5-1 mg/kg/day PO, thyroidectomy

Front 152

What is status asthmaticus?

Back 152

increasing distress despite treatment

Front 153

progression of intraparenchymal bleed in a newborn

Back 153

blood can flow into ventricles w/i 3 days of life

Front 154

most common location for intussusception

Back 154

ileocolic

Front 155

nocturnal abdomainal pain adn gi bleeding with pos fam hx, discomfort, vomiting, anorexia, weight loss, hematemeis or melena

Back 155

peptic ulcer disease. pain is most common

Front 156

umbilicated (dome-shaped), skin-colored or pearly-white papules. what is tx

Back 156

think molluscum contagiosum. it is ia self-liited, contagious, vrial infection transmitted by direct contact. it is caused by a poxvirus. tx: curettage, cryosurgery, sometimes observation

Front 157

inheritance of Werdnig-Hoffman disease

Back 157

autosomal recessive

Front 158

Infant gets repeated pneumonias at beginning of life due to exhaustion of maternal IgG in system"

Back 158

Transient Hypogammaglobinemia

Front 159

Hyperinsulinemia, omphalocele, macroglossia, organomegaly"

Back 159

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome

Front 160

Most common age for ITP

Back 160

children or adults

Front 161

lymphedema in utero, which is the cause of many of the physical findings such as the webbed neck, low placement of ears, edema of the hands and feet, hyperconvex nails and a "shield" chest with widely spaced nipples. Coarctation of the aorta is found in about 20% of affected girls. Short stature is common, and some girls are not diagnosed until early adolescence when they present with short stature and delayed sexual maturation (due to gonadal dysgenesis). Most have a normal IQ.

Back 161

Turner's Syndrome

Front 162

Thumb sign on x-ray

Back 162

epiglottitis

Front 163

Immune deficiency in Wiscott-Aldritch

Back 163

dysfunction of many types of immune cells, such as T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, and natural killer cells.

Front 164

incidence of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

Back 164

between 1 and 10 cases per million males worldwide.

Front 165

Gene in W-A Syndrome

Back 165

Mutations in the WAS gene cause Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. The WAS protein (WASP) is found in cells made from hematopoietic stem cells

Front 166

Median survival WAS

Back 166

6 years

Front 167

Rx WAS

Back 167

Bone marrow transplant

Front 168

enteroviruses

Back 168

There are more than 60 enteroviral serotypes, which are among the small RNA viruses within the Picornaviradae family. Enteroviral genera include the polioviruses, echoviruses, coxsackievirus A and B and newer enteroviruses

Front 169

viral myocarditis

Back 169

coxsackieviruses B1-5 and more rarely echovirus and coxsackievirus A

Front 170

antibiotics for bacterial dysentery

Back 170

Unless the patient
is very young (less than 6 months of age), immunocompromised, or appears toxic, initial antibiotic therapy is
not recommended.

Front 171

CNS involvement in HUS

Back 171

As many as 20% of children
with HUS may develop some
form of CNS involvement including
agitation or confusion, seizures, or
cerebral edema. Rarely, patients may
develop strokes and hemorrhage secondary
to arterial occlusive disease.

Front 172

TTP consists
of the pentad of

Back 172

microangiopathic
hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia,
fever, neurologic findings, and kidney disease.

Front 173

Idiopathic TTP appears to be related to a deficiency of

Back 173

a metalloprotease,
ADAMTS13, which cleaves
von Willebrand factor.

Front 174

Mortalitiy in TTP

Back 174

As recently as
15 years ago, the mortality from an
episode of TTP approached 90%.Discovery of the benefi t of plasma
exchange has led to survival rates
between 60% and 75%.

Front 175

Painful
burning or tingling sensations
in the hands and/or feet (acroparesthesias)...

Back 175

Fabry's disease

Front 176

Pitted keratolysis is a relatively common bacterial infection,

Back 176

and its unique appearance facilitates clinical diagnosis. Its is caused by Corynebacterium, Dermatophilus congolensis, or Micrococcus sedentarius, and it responds rapidly to topical erythromycin, clindamycin, or benzoyl peroxide.