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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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MOST FLUID IS ICF OR ECF?
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ICF
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HOW ARE INFANTS DIFF IN WATER BALANCE (4)
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1. INCREASE WATER NEED FOR SIZE
2. INCREASED ECF VS ICF 3. BMR HIGHER 4. KIDNEY LESS MATURE |
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CHRONIC DEHYDRATION CAUSES WHAT FLUID SHIFT
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INCREASE FROM ICF.
CELLS SHRIVEL SO TAKE WATER FROM CELLS AND PUTS INTO VASCULAR SYST |
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CAUSES OF ISOTONIC DEHYDRATION (4)
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1. BURNS
2. DIARRHEA 3. HEMORRHAGE 4. VOMITTING |
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CAUSES OF HYPOTONIC DEHYDRATION? (3)
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1. FEVER
2. TF 3. DKA |
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CAUSES OF HYPERTONIC DEHYDRATION? (2)
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1. CHRONIC ILLNESS
2. MALNUTRITION |
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WHAT HAPPENS IN ISOTONIC DEHYDRATION?
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CIRCULATING BLOOD REDUCED
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WHAT HAPPENS IN ICF AND ECF IN HYPOTONIC DEHYDRATION, WHAT ARE PLASMA LEVELS
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ICF MORE CONCENTRATED B/C ECF(CIRCULATING BLOOD HAS LOW SOLUTES)
PLASMA SODIUM= LESS THAN 135 |
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WHAT HAPPENS TO ICF AND ECF IN HYPERTONIC DEHYDRATION, WHAT ARE THE PLASMA LEVELS
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ECF IS HIGH SOLUTES B/C ICF HAS TOO MUCH WATER
FLUID SHIFTS FROM ICF TO ECF |
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WHICH DEHYDRATION WILL YOU SEE MORE NEUROLOGIC PROBLEMS RATHER THAN SHOCK
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HYPERTONIC
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WHAT IS THE MOST DANGEROUS TYPE OF DEHYDRATION
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HYPERTONIC
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WHAT IS MILD DEHYDRATION?
WHAT IS SEVERE DEHYDRATION? |
MILD DEHYDRATION=LESS THAN 50ML/KG
SEVERE= MORE THAN 100 ML/KG LOSS |
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HOW DOES 1ST DEGREE BURNS MANIFEST
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DRY PAINFUL, RED
SUNBURN |
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2ND DEGREE PARTIAL (SUPERFICIAL AND DEEP) AND THICKNESS BURNS MANIFEST?
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MOIST WEEPING BLISTERS
VERY PAINFUL |
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WHAT IS AFFECTED IN SUPERFICIAL BURNS 2ND DEGREE
HOW LONG TAKE TO HEAL? |
PART OF DERMIS
HEALS IN 14 D WITH SCARRING |
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HOW IS DEEP 2ND DEGREE BURNS MANIFEST?
WHEN DOES IT HEAL |
WAXY BUT FOLLICLE INTACT
30 DAYS |
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HOW DOES 3RD DEGREE BURNS MANIFEST? PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH IT
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DRY PALE, LEATHER DOWN TO SUBCUT
FLUID SHIFT AND INFX |
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HOW DOES 4TH DEGREE BURNS MANIFEST?
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FULL THICKNESS THAT HITS THE BONE, MUSCLE
DULL DRY |
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HOW DOES BURNS AFFECT BODY SYST? (7)
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1. HYPOVOLEMIA
2. BOWEL ILEUS 3. H/H DOWN 4. INCREASED BUN 5. MUSCLE BREAKDOWN (MYOGLOBINURIA) 6. DECREASED GLUCOSE 7. RR BROWN |
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WHAT ARE IMPORTANT INTERVENTIONS WITH BURN VICTIMS (5)
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1. AIRWAY
2. IV ADMINSTRATION (REVERSE HYPOVOLEMIA W/ ISOTONIC) 3. WOUND CARE 4. NUTRITION 5. ANALGESIC |
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WHAT KIND OF MEAL FOR BURNS VICTIM RECOMMENDED?
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HIGH PROTEIN AND HIGH CALORIE
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ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS FOR BURNS ARE USUALLY WHAT KIND OF MEDS?
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SILVER NITRATE OR BACTITRICIN
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WHAT MAY HAPPEN METABOLICALLY IN ARF? (7)
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SERUM BICARB DECREASES (B/C TO BUFFER HYDROGEN)
2. SODIUM EXCRETION INCREASES 3. SERUM POTASSIUM INCREASES 4. H/H DECREASE (CAUSING ANEMIA B/C CAN'T SYNTHESIZE ERYTHROPOIETIN) 5. DECREASED PLATELETS? B/C MAY HAVE BLEEDING ABNORMALTIES 6. CALCIUM DECREASE (B/C KIDNEYS ACTIVATE VIT D) 7. PHOSPHATE INCREASE |
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what is the tx for arf (meds)
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think ABCDE
1. antihypertensives 2. bicarb 3. calcium 4. d (vitamin D) and diuretics 5. epogen |
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what kind of diet should ARF be on? (4)
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1. high CARB
2. high FAT 3. LOW PROTEIN 4. LOW POTASSIUM |
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HOW LONG IS OLIGURIA FOR IN ARF? WHAT HAPPENS AFTER OLIGURIA
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OLIGURIA LASTS 10-14 D
AFTER OLIGURIA IS DIURESIS |
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POTENTIAL PROBLEMS IN ARF ARF? (6)
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1. ANEMIA
2. PULM AND SYST CONGESTION 3. SEIZURES 4. TACHYCAPNIA 5. METAB ACIDOSIS (B/C LOW BICAR 6. ARRHYTHMIA (FROM HYPERKALEMIA) |
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WHAT IS EPIGLOTTIS CAUSED BY USUALLY?
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H. INFLUENZA B
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WITH EPIGLOTITIS THINK WHAT? (5)
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1. OBSTRUCTION!!!
2. hypoxia 3. hypercapnia 4. acidosis 5. DROOLING |
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s/s of epiglottitis? (5)
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1. drooling
2. sudden onset of FEVER and dypsnea 3. hyperextension/tripod attempting to breathe 4. cherry red epiglottitis 5. can't breathe (stridor) |
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nursing care for epiglottitis
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DO NOT EXAMINE MOUTH
PREPARE FOR INTUBATION |
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prevention of epiglottitis is?
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getting Influenza B vaccine
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what can be given for asthma that are allergy induced?
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hyposensitization shots sq every week to 1x/month
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patho of asthma (4)
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1. inflamm
2. mucus (blocked airways) 3. bronchospasm 4. hyperinflation |
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what is status asthmaticus? (2)
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1. asthma attack that was NOT tx
2. unresponsive to meds asthma |
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explain breathing pattern of asthma? (3)
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1. tachypnea
2. wheezing 3. cough |
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CF primarily affects what syst? (5)
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1. pancreas
2. RR 3. GI 4. salivary gland 5. reproductive |
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CF is a ___ disease
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autosomal recessive disease
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For CF, think what? (2)
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1. slow
2. mucusy |
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S/s of CF (5)
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1. RR: think obstruction (cough, wheeze, dyspnea, cyanosis, club)
2. GI: ileus, prolapse, fatty stools 3. reproductive: girls late, boys infertile 4. CV-cor pulmonale, r side enlargement 5. salty |
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diagnostics for Cystic fibrosis (3)
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1. sweat test= hi chloride
2. fatty stool test 3. CXR |
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what kinds of meds may people with cystic fibrosis be on? (4)
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1. pancreatic enzymes
2. bronchodilators (for obstructed lung) 3. abx 4. fat soluble vitamins (a, d, e, k) |
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what are important nursing care for cystic fibrosis (3)
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1. promote oxygenation
2. emphasize protein and calories for nutrition 3. meds |
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what are 2 factors for infant mortality?
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1. congenital anolmalies
2. low birth wt ( less than 2500 grams) |
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what is infant mortality?
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number of deaths per 1000 live births during 1st year of life
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what age group has the lowest number of deaths of any age?
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5-14
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adolescence deaths are r/t (3)
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1. unintential injuries
2. homicide (before suicide) 3. suicide |
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what does morbidity mean?
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prevalence of specific illness/injury in population
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what are 2 factors for infant mortality?
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1. congenital anolmalies
2. low birth wt ( less than 2500 grams) |
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what is infant mortality?
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number of deaths per 1000 live births during 1st year of life
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what age group has the lowest number of deaths of any age?
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5-14
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adolescence deaths are r/t (3)
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1. unintential injuries
2. homicide (before suicide) 3. suicide |
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what does morbidity mean?
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prevalence of specific illness/injury in population
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what is child morbidity?
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acute illness strong enough to decrease activity or require medical care
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children with high morbidity rates are? (6)
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1. homeless
2. poor 3. LBW 4. foreign adopted 5. day care centers 6. chronic illness |
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what are emerging pediatric morbidity problems? (6)
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1. obesity
2. type 2 diabetes 3. injuries 4. violence 5. substance abuse 6. emotional/behavioral problems |
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what are high risk frops for new morbidity? (3)
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1. low socieconomic
2. males 3. sibling with previous injury |
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what are childhood injuries r/f? (6)
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1. gender
2. temperment 3. stress 4. alcohol/substance 5. hx of previous injury 6. developmental characteristics |
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what is the leading cause of death from injuries 0-24 y.o
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1. motor
2. drowning (boys) fire/burns (girls) |
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how does culture influence healthcare? (5)
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1. influences child experience to health/illness
2. influences self concept and social roles 3. family influences 4. relationship with health providers 5. food customs |
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what is cultural relativity?
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where the nurse view behavior in the context of culture
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what is cultural awareness
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being sensitve to culture
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what is cultural knowldege?
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being educated about culture'
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explain family stress theory
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that stress is cumulative and can overwhelm family ability to cope and cause brkdwn or health problems
involves resiliency model when family LEARN to cope |
