Pediatric And Placenta

Front 1

what is it

Back 1

circumvallate: abnormal shape to placenta, marginal fold of the chorion and projection of villous tissue beyound endge of chorion plate, valley between membranes and fetal surface of placenta

Front 2

what is it

Back 2

accessory, or succenturiate, lobe of the placenta, promotes bleeding

Front 3

placenta

Back 3

for review - no fold to membranes in circummarginate

Front 4

what is it

Back 4

false knot

Front 5

placenta

Back 5

amnion nodusum: associated with oligohydramnios

Front 6

placenta

Back 6

amnion nodusum: associated with oligohydramnios

Front 7

placenta

Back 7

squamous metaplasia - can look like amnion nodosum

Front 8

placenta

Back 8

acute chorioamnionitis

Front 9

placenta

Back 9

listeria - can see intervillous abscesses microscopically

Front 10

acute villitis - what bugs

Back 10

e coli, GBS

Front 11

chronic active villitis - bugs (5)

Back 11

non-syphylitic spirochetes, GNRs, Rickettsiae, HSV, VZV

Front 12

placenta

Back 12

meconium - patchy infiltrates on CXR (chemical pneumonitis) slimy and brown
on micro: amnion starts to degenerate, then you know it's real; can get skin and nail discoloration on child

Front 13

placenta

Back 13

for review
subamniotic hematoma - no consequence
chronic subchorionic plaques - no consequence

look in decidua for pre-eclampsia (decrease blood flow with placental infarcts, maternal atherosis- vacuolated and degeneration and smooth muscle persistence - after 29 weeks)

Front 14

placenta

Back 14

hematoma (intraparenchymal) - from fetal blood, in between villi

Front 15

placenta

Back 15

abruptio - indentation of placenta

Front 16

placenta

Back 16

CMV - torch

Front 17

placenta

Back 17

maternal floor infarction (massive perivillous fibrinoid deposition)

Front 18

twins

Back 18

for review
monozygotic but divides <3 days dichorionic, diamniotic
monozygotic splits 3-8 days monochorionic, diamnionitic
>8 days monochorionic monoamnionitic (50% mortality)
if monochorionic - look for anatomoses, know you have a monozygotic twin

Front 19

twin type

Back 19

monozygotic

Front 20

placenta

Back 20

chorioma

Front 21

placenta

Back 21

chorioangiosis - criteria: >10 villi in clusters containing >10 capillaries per villus; associated with placenta hypoxia (see in Andes)

Front 22

placenta

Back 22

partial mole - one maternal, two paternal, can have fetal parts; dimorphic villi; trophoblastic inclusions

Front 23

what is it

Back 23

spina bifida - malformation; myelomenigocele

Front 24

what is it

Back 24

amniotic bands - disruption - amnion is sticky

Front 25

what is it

Back 25

deformation, club foot

Front 26

what is it

Back 26

potter sequence (sequence is group of abnormalities which occurred due to single condition)
fx include: oligohydramnios, low set ears, depressed nasal buds, club foot, contractures
b/c renal malformaiton - oligohydramnios- etc.

Front 27

what syndrome: exophthalmos, macroglossia, giantism, craniofacial abnormalities, microcephaly, hemihypertrophy, omphalocele, neonatal hypoglycemia, organomegaly, cytomegaly of adrenal cortex, islet cell pancreas, predisposition to malignant tumors

Back 27

beckwith-wiedemann

Front 28

what syndrome

Back 28

beckwith-wiedemann***
exophthalmos, macroglossia, giantism, craniofacial abnormalities, microcephaly, hemihypertrophy, omphalocele, neonatal hypoglycemia, organomegaly, cytomegaly of adrenal cortex, islet cell pancreas, predisposition to malignant tumors

Front 29

cytogenetic abnormalities in beckwith-wiedemann

Back 29

dysregulation of imprinted genes in 11p15

Front 30

maligancies for which beckwith-wiedemann syndrome is associated

Back 30

wilms, adrenocortical ca, hepatoblastoma, gonadoblastoma, brain stem glioma

Front 31

what syndrome

Back 31

alagille - AD, liver, heart and kidney affected
facial - recessive, saddle nose

Front 32

what syndrome

Back 32

patau, czome 13 (trisomy)
Palate (cleft), Proboscis, Punched out scalp, low set ears, polydactyl

four ps and and e

Front 33

what syndrome

Back 33

edwards, 18, rocker bottom feet, barrel chest, low set ears with pointed upper helix

Front 34

sx of cri du chat

Back 34

small for gestational age
laryngeal hypoplasia
MR
hypotonia
del 5p

Front 35

sx of klinefelters

Back 35

for review - tall, aractodactyl

Front 36

what is it, where found

Back 36

cystic hygroma in turners

Front 37

most common abnormalities in embryo

Back 37

Neural tube
Cleft lip
Limb defects

Front 38

fetal defects (just read)

Back 38

Neural tube defects (spina bifida)
Amnion Rupture Sequence (amniotic bands)
Cervical Cystic Hygromas (turners)
Omphalocele (b-w syndrome)
Genitourinary *
Hydrops Fetalis (ABO incompatibility, etc)
Contractures and Pterygia
Cleft Lip and Palate (patau)
Congenital Heart Defects *

Front 39

two common czomal abnormalities for CHD

Back 39

22q11 and trisomy 21

Front 40

what is it, what associated with

Back 40

coarctation aorta, turners, can survive a couple of days before closure of PDA if in right spot

Front 41

what is it

Back 41

tetralogy of fallot - anterior displacement of infundibular septum;
pulmonary infundibular stenosis (outflow obstruction)
overriding aorta
VSD
RV hypertrophy
if fifth - ASD

Front 42

common factors causing asymmetric IUGR

Back 42

Toxemia, chronic hypertension, narcotics,
alcohol, cigarettes, antimetabolite rx.,
dilantin

Front 43

common birth trauma factors

Back 43

Clavicular fracture, brachial plexus injury, etc.
Intracranial hemorrhage
Tear in falx, tentorium, or brain substance

Front 44

squamous metaplasia vs
aminion nodusum

Back 44

sm - insertion site
an - peripheral and picks off easily

Front 45

maternal arteriole in decidua

Back 45

loses smooth muscle

Front 46

leading up to funitis (which one first)

Back 46

vein before arteries (2)

Front 47

candida in placenta

Back 47

microabscesses on umbilical cord

Front 48

associations: fetal thrombotic arteriopathy in placenta

Back 48

protein c and s deficiency; thrombus in chorionic plate vessels and avascular villi - problem with fetal circulation

Front 49

hemorrhage endovasculosis; venous stasis

Back 49

problem in umbilical cord; hemorrhage in villi

Front 50

chronic villitis

Back 50

TORCH
placental malaria (granular pigment between villi)

Front 51

recurrent pregnancy loss 3 causes

Back 51

chronic villitis of unknown etiology (GVD-like)
massive chronic intervillitis - mononuclear infiltrate
maternal floor "infarction" - exaggerated perivillous fibrin

Front 52

smith-lenle-opis

Back 52

defect in cholesterol synthesis

Front 53

prune belly syndrome

Back 53

pcos?
lack of abdominal wall muscles

Front 54

type of chd commonly found in trisomy 21

Back 54

endocardial cushion defects

Front 55

common associated with CHD, czomal d/o

Back 55

e.g. del 22

Front 56

single umbilical artery most commonly associated with

Back 56

CHD

Front 57

most common CHD (top 5)

Back 57

tetrology of fallot
transposition of great arteries
coarctation of aorta
vsd
pda

Front 58

VSD where most occur

Back 58

most common - membranous