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76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Rales: wet or "crackly" inspiratory breathing |
PNA or CHF |
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staccato cough |
pertussis or chlamydial PNA |
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PNA within first few days of life, oganism? |
Enterobacteriacea or GBS |
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tx for PNA within first few days of life |
Amp/gent |
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staccato cough, conjuctivitis, eosinophilia, bilat infiltrates on CXR |
chlamydia trachomatis PNA |
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tx for chlamydia PNA |
erythromycin |
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tx for HSV pna |
acyclovir |
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after newborn until 5 yo, what is most common PNA? |
viral |
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viral PNA |
adenovirus, rhinovirus, RSV, parainfluenza |
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most common PNA in kids up to 5yo |
pneumococcus & Hib |
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perihilar intertsitial infiltrates on CXR |
viral pna |
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most common PNA in kid OVER 5yo |
mycoplasma pneum |
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what PNA does kid over 5yo NOT have? |
GBS and Listo |
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PNA in kid who is intubated or has CVL |
pseudomonas or candida |
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PNA in patient with CF |
pseudomonas or aspergillus |
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retinitis and PNA |
CMV |
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"fungal ball" on CXR and PNA |
aspergillus |
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cough and increased resp. effort in AFEBRILE 6 wo with eye discharge* |
chlamydia |
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why do some kids get abd pain with PNA |
irritation of diaphragm by pulm infection or coughing |
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next step to do with patient who is obviously having a hard time breathing |
pulse ox to see if getting enough O2 |
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common finding in kids with TB pneumonia |
LAD in neck (or mediastinum/perihilar) |
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"walking pneumonia" mild, worse when walking outside in cold air* |
mycoplasma |
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PNA for -neonates -toddlers -tweens |
-GBS -RSV -mycoplasma |
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kid was playing in field with insectisides, now is incontinent with trouble breathing |
organophosphate poisoning |
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Dx of organophosphate poisoning |
low pseudocholinesterates and erythrocyte cholinesterase levels |
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Tx organophosphate poisoning |
atropine/pralidoxime |
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common stool softener used for constipation in kids |
PO polyethylene glycolate |
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2 mo boy has bloody streaks in bm and more frequent. Happy, afebrile. Eats standard formula. |
Allergic proctocolitis. Stop formula because milk protein. And don't do soy either because cross-reacts. Tx: elemental formula and tell Mom not to eat dairy either cause it goes into breastmilk |
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intermittent PAINLESS* rectal bleeding in 2yo |
Meckel's |
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preschool kid with ear pain, fever, but eating ok and activity ok |
O.M. |
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what does ear look like in O.M.? |
-red, opaque, doesn't move well, BULGING t.m. |
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pathogens causing O.M. |
-strep pneumo -Hib -moraxella |
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tx for O.M. |
amoxacillin |
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if resistant to treatment, try: |
amoxacillin/clavulanate |
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kid with red and swollen ear canal, pain of ear with mvt*, normal T.M. |
otitis externa: treat with topical Polymyxin* and Corticosteroids* |
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pathogens that cause otitis externa |
-pseudomonas -staph -candida/aspergillus
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kid with O.M. takes amoxacillin but not getting better, ear gets more swollen, red behind, ear lobe is pushed to the side. Otherwise ok |
MASTOIDITIS* |
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Tx for mastoiditis |
myringotomy and parenteal Abx |
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3rd line agent for tx of OM |
intramuscular ceftriaxone |
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1mo with FEVER, fussy*, immobile red T.M. with pus behind it, what to do? |
ADMIT and w/u for sepsis! |
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if you give Mom MEPERIDINE* during labor, what can this anesthetic cause in the newborn? |
APNEA*==>blue, floppy baby |
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tx for meperidine narcosis |
NALOXONE* |
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Tx for neonate born with diaphragmatic hernia |
INTUBATE!!! (in resp distress from pulm hypoplasia, DON"T BAG) |
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scaphoid abdomen, cyanosis, resp distress, low breath sounds on Left, heart sounds on right |
diaphragmatic hernia |
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neonate had HR of 40 when born, then given PPV (bag mask) but HR still <60, now what? |
30sec of chest compressions, then IV EPI if still low HR |
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neonate is pink when crying, but blue and resp distress when not crying, what's up? |
Choanal atresia: pass NG and see if it goes, it won't. Tx: intubate |
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previously healthy boy now presents with "scissoring" when he sits at 12mo and drags his feet |
Cerebral palsy |
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cause of bacterial PNA in CF |
staph aureus, then pseudomonas |
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vitamin E def |
peripheral neuropathy & anemia |
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night blindness |
vitamin A def |
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mucosal bleeding |
vitamin K deficiency |
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electrolytes in CF |
hypoCl (lost in sweat), hypoNat met ALKALOSIS |
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vit K deficiency |
high PT |
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vit E deficiency |
anemia with high retic count |
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6yo boy with 1wk of leg pain and limping. No swelling etc. low-grade fever, hepatosplenomegal*, petechia* on face/chest |
Acute Lymphoblastic leukemia :( |
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who has an increased risk of ALL? |
Downs & Fanconi syndrome |
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low plts*, bruising petechia* |
ITP: everything else is ok |
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pancytopenia & fever |
aplastic anemia: everything else ok |
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atypical lymphocytes |
mono |
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kid has fever, joint pain, arthritis, limp, splenomegaly, anemia, luekocytosis: how to tell if it's leukemia or juvenile arthritis? |
bone marrow |
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leukocyte count in ALL |
<10,000* |
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Dx of ALL |
by bone marrow with 25%+ of blasts* |
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workup for ALL |
-LP to see if CNS involvement -CXR to see if mediastinal mass |
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how does juvi arthritis and ALL differ on CBC with diff? |
-Juvi: normal (or high) WBC & PLT -ALL: blasts on peripheral smear |
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LARGE newborn, gray in color with resp distress |
most likely mom was DIABETIC* |
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poorly controlled maternal hyperglycemia (gestational diabetes) results in what? |
macrosomia & fetal HyperInsulinsm===> increased O2 requirements & hyPOGLYCEMIA after birth! |
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other results of gestational diabetes in baby |
-hypoMag, hypoCa -polycythemia with hyperviscosity -hyperBili |
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why is kid born to diabetic mother so big? |
growth hormone effects of insulin |
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why do gestational diabetes kids have polycythemia? |
macrosomia===>increase O2 requirements===>more EPO to carry more O2 |
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polycythemia leadsto high Bili & hyperviscosity |
w/o for kidney/sinus thrombosis |
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AFTER delivery, infant is |
HYPOglycemic |
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12 day old formula fed male has jaundice (dad has hx of mild bili elevation), otherwise ok |
Gilbert's because FHx and no symptoms (low activity of UDP gluco transfease) |
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when does NON-physiologic jaundice present |
1st 24 hours or 10-14 days later |
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baby has physiologic jaundice, what could mom have done during prego to reduce this risk? |
phenobarbital (it conjugates bili) |
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Gilbert's |
pesistence* of physiologic jaundice. Asx |
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EXTREME deficiency of UDP transferase |
criggler najar tx: light |