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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Embryonic brain development Week 4 |
Forebrain = Prosencephalon Midbrain = Mesencephalon Hindbrain = Rhombencephalon Spinal cord |
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Embryonic brain development Week 5 |
Telencephalon Diencephalon Mesencephalon Metencephalon Myelencephalon Spinal cord |
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What is the structure of meninges? |
Connective tissues surrounding the brain and spinal cord Dura, arachnoid, and pia maters |
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What is the function of meninges? |
Separate brain from skull Enclose and protect blood vessels supplying brain Contain and circulate cerebrospinal fluid |
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What is the location and composition of CSF? |
Produced in the choroid plexus Clear, colorless fluid Circulates through the ventricles and subarachnoid space surrounding the CNS |
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What causes hydrocephalus |
Excessive CSF |
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What are the causes of hydrocephalus? |
Obstruction of CSF flow Overproduction of CSF Impaired drainage of CSF |
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What are the treatments of hydrocephalus? |
Ventriculoperitoneal shunt Endoscopic third ventriculostomy |
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Cerebrum |
Location of conscious thought processes and complex intellectual functions Two hemispheres (connected by corpus callosum) Gyri and sulci increase the surface area (more cortex) |
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Frontal lobe |
Decision making Personality Verbal communication Voluntary motor control of skeletal muscles |
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Parietal lobe |
Sensory interpretation of textures and shapes Understanding speech |
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Temporal lobe |
Auditory and olfactory experience |
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Occipital lobe |
Vision |
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Insula lobe |
Taste |
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What are the 3 parts of basal ganglia in cerebral gray matter? |
Caudate Putamen Globas Palatus |
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What are the 3 tracts of cerebral white matter? |
Association tracts Commissural tracts Projection tracts |
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Association tracts |
Connect brain to brain within the same hemisphere |
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Commissural tracts |
Connects the brain from hemisphere to hemisphere |
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Projection tracts |
From either hemisphere out of the brain |
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What is Alzheimer's Disease? |
Progressive degenerative disease of the brain (begins in the hippocampus) |
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What are the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease? |
Memory loss Depression Disorientation |
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What is Alzheimer's disease thought to be caused by? |
Neurofibrillary tangles Beta-amyloid plaques |
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Thalamus |
Lies on either side of the third ventricle Relay station for sensory and motor information entering the cerebrum |
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All sensory information must go through the thalamus except... |
Smell |
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What are the functions of the hypothalamus? |
Behavior Endocrine Emotion Temperature control Sleep/wake cycles Hunger/thirst Autonomic control Memory |
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What makes up the brainstem? |
Midbrain Pons Medulla |
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Is the cerebellum a sensory or motor organ? |
Sensory |
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What are the functions of the cerebellum? |
Fine-tunes, smoothens and coordinates muscle movements Balance/equilibrium |
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Is the basal ganglia a sensory or motor organ? |
Motor |
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Brainstem |
Bidirectional passageway between cerebrum and spinal cord Contains many autonomic and reflex centers essential for survival Point of attachment for cranial nerves |
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Medulla |
Cardiac center Vasomotor center Respiratory center Reflexes - coughing, sneezing, gagging, vomiting |
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Limbic system |
"Emotional brain" Involved in motivation, emotion, learning, and memory |
