Pcc - Bio 231 - Lecture Midterm 2 - Chapter 7

Front 1

Frontal squama:

Back 1

– sac like plate forms the forehead.
– Gradually slopes inferiorly from the
coronal suture on the top of the
skull, then angles abruptly and
become mostly vertical.

Front 2

Lacrimal fossa

Back 2

– Shallow depression that houses the
lacrimal gland on the superior
lateral surface of the orbits

Front 3

Supraorbital margin:

Back 3

– frontal bone thickening superior to
the orbits
– extends posteriorly to form the roof
of the orbit, and part of the cranial
floor cavity.

Front 4

Supraorbital foramen

Back 4

– A passage for blood vessels
– Slightly medial to midline in the
supraorbital margin.

Front 5

Frontal sinuses

Back 5

– lie deep to the frontal squama.
– Appear after age 6, some people do
not develop them

Front 6

Superior and inferior temporal
lines

Back 6

– attachment site of the temporalis
muscle

Front 7

Temporal Squama:

Back 7

– Thin flat part of the
temporal bone forms the
anterior and superior part
of the temple.

Front 8

Zygomatic process:

Back 8

– Projects from the inferior
portion of the temporal
squama, and articulates
with the temporal process
of the zygomatic bone.

Front 9

Zygomatic arch:

Back 9

– Formed from the
zygomatic process of the
temporal bone and the
temporal process of the
zygomatic bone.

Front 10

Mandibular fossa:

Back 10

– Located on the inferior
posterior surface of the
zygomatic process
– Articulates with the
mandible

Front 11

Articular tubercle:

Back 11

– Rounded elevation anterior
to the mandibular fossa
– The mandibular fossa and
articular tubercle articulate
with the mandible to form
Temporomandibular joint
(TMJ)

Front 12

Mastoid:

Back 12

– Located posterior and
inferior to the external
auditory meatus
– Contains several mastoid air
cells in adults
– Separated from the brain by
thin bony partition.

Front 13

Mastoid process:

Back 13

– Rounded projection of the mastoid, posterior to the external auditory meatus.
– Point of attachment for several neck muscles

Front 14

Temporal bone - Styloid process

Back 14

– Projects inferiorly from the inferior surface of the temporal bone
– Point of attachment for muscles and ligaments of the tongue and neck

Front 15

Temporal bone - Internal auditory
meatus:

Back 15

– Opening through
which the facial
and
vestibulocochlear
nerve pass

Front 16

Temporal bone - Foramen lacerum

Back 16

– A slit between the
sphenoid bone and
petrous portion of
the temporal bone
– Internal carotid
artery passes
through the
anterior portion of
the foramen
lacerum
– Auditory tube
passes through the
posterior portion of
the foramen
lacerum

Front 17

Temporal bone - Stylomastoid
foramen:

Back 17

– Between Styloid
process and
mastoid process
– Houses the facial
artery

Front 18

Temporal bone - Jugular foramen

Back 18

– Posterior to the
carotid foramen
and anterior to the
occipital bone
– Passageway for
the jugular vein

Front 19

Temporal bone - External auditory
meatus

Back 19

– On the lateral
surface, ends at
the tympanic
membrane

Front 20

Temporal bone - Petrous portion:

Back 20

– Triangular shape,
located at the base of
the skull between the
sphenoid and occipital
bones at the floor of
the cranial cavity
– Houses the internal and
middle ear.
– Contains the carotid
canal through which
the carotid

Front 21

Occipital bone - Foramen magnum

Back 21

– In the inferior part of the
bone.
– Contains medulla
oblangata, vertebral and
spinal arteries

Front 22

Occipital bone - Occipital condyles

Back 22

– Oval processes with convex
surfaces on either side of
the foramen magnum
– Articulate with depression
on the atlas, forming
atlanto-occipital joint.

Front 23

Occipital bone - External occipital protuberance

Back 23

– Midline prominent projection on the
posterior surface of the bone just
above the foramen magnum

Front 24

Occipital bone - External occipital crest

Back 24

– Begins at the external occipital
protuberance
– Point of attachment for ligaments

Front 25

Occipital bone - Legamentum nuchae:

Back 25

– Large fibrous elastic ligament.
– Extends from external Occipital
protuberance to the 7th cervical
vertebra; helps support the head

Front 26

Occipital bone - Superior and inferior nuchal lines:

Back 26

– Two curved ridges extending
laterally from the protuberance and
the crest
– Serve as areas of muscle attachment.

Front 27

Occipital bone - Hypoglossal canals:

Back 27

– Begin at the lateral base of
each occipital condyle and
end on the inner surface next
to the foramen magnum
– house the hypoglossal nerve

Front 28

Occipital bone - Jugular foramen:

Back 28

– Lies between the occipital and
the temporal bones on either
side of the skull
– Houses the internal jugular
vein

Front 29

Sphenoid bone - Sphenoid body:

Back 29

– cube-like medial
portion between
the ethmoid and
occipital bone.
– Contains sphenoid
sinus, inferior to
the sella turcica,
which drains into
the nasal cavity.

Front 30

Sphenoid bone - Sella turcica:

Back 30

– Saddle-shaped
structure on the
superior surface of
the sphenoid body.
– The anterior part is a
ridge called
tuberculum sellae
– The saddle
depression called
hypophyseal fossa
that contain the
pituitary gland
– The back part is a
ridge called dorsum
sallae.

Front 31

Sphenoid bone - Greater wings

Back 31

• project laterally from
the body and form the
anterolateral floor of
the cranium
• Form part of the lateral
walls of the skull;
viewed externally just
anterior to the temporal
bone.
• Contribute to the
posterior wall of the
orbit

Front 32

Sphenoid bone - Lesser wings:

Back 32

• anterior and superior to
to the greater wings
• Form part of the
cranium floor and the
posterior part of the
orbits

Front 33

Sphenoid bone - Optic foramen

Back 33

– between the body and
lesser wing anterior to
sella turcica

Front 34

Sphenoid bone - Superior orbital
fissure:

Back 34

– Triangular slit lateral to
the body between the
greater and lesser
wings
– Can be seen in the
anterior view of the
orbit.

Front 35

Sphenoid bone - Pterygoid processes

Back 35

– Project inferiorly
from the points
where the body
and greater wings
unite
– Form the lateral
posterior region of
the nasal cavity
– Muscles move the
mandible and soft
palate attach to the
processes

Front 36

Sphenoid bone - Foramen ovale:

Back 36

– in the greater wing at
the base of the lateral
pterygoid process.

Front 37

Sphenoid bone - Foramen lacerum:

Back 37

– Bounded anteriorly
by sphenoid bone
and medially by
sphenoid and
occipital bones.
– Covered by
fibrocartilage in live
subject.

Front 38

Sphenoid bone - Foramen rotundum:

Back 38

– Located at the
junction of the
anterior and medial
parts of Sphenoid
bone.

Front 39

Ethmoid bone - Perpendicular plate

Back 39

– Forms the superior portion of
the nasal septum

Front 40

Ethmoid bone - Cribriform plate:

Back 40

– Lies in the anterior floor of
the cranium and forms the
roof of the basal cavity
– Contains olfactory foramina,
from which olfactory nerve
passes

Front 41

Ethmoid bone - Lateral masses:

Back 41

– Compose most of the wall
between the nasal cavity and
the orbits.
– Contain air spaces (cells) that
collectively form the ethmoid
sinuses.

Front 42

Ethmoid bone - Crista galli:

Back 42

– triangular process projecting
upward from the cribriform
plate
– attachment point for falx
cerebri

Front 43

Ethmoid bone - superior and middle conchae

Back 43

– Delicate projections of the
lateral mass, lateral to the
nasal septum

Front 44

Maxillae - alveolar process

Back 44

- Border the mouth
- Contains alveoli of the teeth

Front 45

Maxillae - Palatine process

Back 45

- a horizontal projection forms the
anterior ¾ of the hard palate

Front 46

Maxillae - Infraorbital foramen:

Back 46

- opening below the orbit

Front 47

Maxillae - Inferior orbital fissure:

Back 47

- located between the sphenoid greater
wing and the maxilla

Front 48

Maxillae - Nasolacrimal canal

Back 48

- Formed by the maxillary and the
lacrimal bones

Front 49

Zygomatic bone - Temporal process

Back 49

curves posteriorly to meet the
zygomatic process

Front 50

Zygomatic bone - Zygomatic facial foramen

Back 50

– On the anterior surface
of the zygomatic bone
– Carry sensory nerves

Front 51

Mandible - mental foramen

Back 51

- Located below the second
mandibular premolar tooth.

Front 52

Mandible - mandibular foramen

Back 52

- on the medial surface of each
ramus; the beginning of mandibular
canal that houses the alveolar
nerves, blood vessels pass through
the canal.

Front 53

Coronal suture

Back 53

unites frontal
bone and both parietal
bones

Front 54

Sagittal suture

Back 54

unites the two
parietal bones

Front 55

Lambdoid suture

Back 55

unites both
parietal bones to the
occipital bone

Front 56

Squamous suture

Back 56

unites the
parietal and temporal
bones on the lateral
aspect on each side of
the skull