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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Primary hyperlipidemia |
caused by specific genetic abnormalities |
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Secondary hyperlipidemia |
resulting from another underlying disorder such as diabetes |
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Hypercholesterolemia |
high levels of cholesterol in the blood |
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Hypertriglyceridemia |
high levels of triglycerides in the blood |
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When is hyperlipidemia associated with coronary atheroma |
high serum cholesterol with a low value of HDL |
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HDL |
high density lipoproteins - the 'good' one - transfers cholesterol from tissue -> liver |
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LDL |
low density lipoprotein - remains in circulation - the 'bad' one |
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the major lipid in LDL, IDL and HDL |
cholesteryl ester |
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the major lipid in chylomicron and VLDL |
triglyceride |
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test for hyperlipidemia |
Fasting lipid profile |
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fasting lipid profile |
measures total cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglycerides |
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normal triglyceride levels |
1.7 mmol/L |
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high trigylceride levels |
2.3-5.6 mmol/L |
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desirable cholesterol levels |
Total = <5.2 LDL = <2.6 HDL = >1.6 |
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borderline cholesterol levels |
Total 5.2 = 6.2 LDL ~ 3.3 |
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high risk cholesterol levels |
Total >6.3 LDL >4.1 HDL <1 |
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hyperlipidemia is linked to |
1) atherosclerosis 2) MI 3) diabetes 4) metabolic syndrome |
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3 treatments for hyperlipidemia |
1) statins 2) fibrates 3) diet |
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statins |
inhibits the enzyme HMG-co A reductase in cells, the rate-limiting step of cholesterol synthesis |
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fibrates |
do not lower LDL and triglyceride levels but increase HDL levels, naturally lowering them |
