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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is Pharmacokinetics?
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Describes the relationship between drug dosage and time-course of drug concentration in the body usually as reflected in plasma drug concentrations
WHAT THE BODY DOES TO THE DRUG |
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What is Pharmacodynamics?
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Concerning the mech. of drug action to include the relation between drug conc. and the magnitude of effect
WHat the drug does to the body |
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Describe drug specific effects of drug
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dose-response relationship
site of biological effect disposition of drug potency dosage form |
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Describe patient specific effects of drug
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environmental/dietary exposures
psych condition genetic constitution enzyme act. age/sex disposition of drug |
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What are routes of drug administration?
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Topical
Enteral Parenteral Specific sites/Cavities |
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What are advantages of IV route?
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potential immediate onset, emergency uses, permits titration, may be only suitable route, larger volumes can be used
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What are disadvantages of IV route?
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Once given, cannot obviously take back. Not suitable for oily or insoluble substances
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What are special uses for SQ route?
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May be used for suspensions or slow-releas implants
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What are limitations of SQ route?
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Not suitable for large volumes, irritating substances
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What are special uses of IM route?
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Can accept larger volumes and some irritating substances
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What are GI factors with drug absorption and distribution?
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Emptying time, intestinal transit, presence of food, local blood flow and local pH
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What does the degree of ionization of a drug depend on?
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pKa and the local pH
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Where is drug absorption PO route fastest?
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In the small intestine- has to do with the increase in surface area of absorption
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At what sites is absorption best?
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At sites where drug is unionized.
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In regards to stomach what has significant effect on rate of drug absorption?
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The rate at which it empties
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What is the absorption of weak bases dependent on?
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Its arrival in the small intestine
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Drug accumulation in tissues is dependant on what?
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On sites where the degree of ionization is greatest
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What are the fluid compartments of drug distribution?
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Vascular
Interstitial Intracellular |
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What is the volume of distribution?
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Vd relates the amount of drug in the body compared to the plasma concentration.
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