Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Define cancer
|
disease of growth, division and cell differentiation
|
|
What is the highest indicence of cancer in men and women
|
prostate
breast |
|
What is the highest cause of death from cancer?
|
lung
|
|
Define proliferate
|
cell division leading to new cell formation
|
|
Define differentiation
|
specialization of cells
|
|
What cells do not divide?
|
neuron
cardiac muscle |
|
The more differentiated or specialized a cell is...
|
the least likely they will divide
|
|
What are the two properties of cancer cells
|
autonony - independent from normal cell controls
anaplasia - loss of differentiation, w/o form |
|
What is transformation?
|
the chance of a normal cell to a cancer cell
|
|
Genes previously turned off during differentiation can be
|
reactivated by carcinogenic agents
|
|
Cancer cells are like...
|
embryonic cells and are less differentiated
|
|
A benign tumor is referred to as a
|
tissue or origin
name ends with -oma |
|
Malignant tumors are graded on
|
the degree of malignancy
|
|
Malignant cells are classified by
|
tissuye of embryonic origin or cell type
|
|
epithelial cells develop into
|
carcinoma
|
|
connective cells develop into
|
sarcoma
|
|
lymph cells develop into
|
lymphoma
|
|
glial cells of CNS develop into
|
gliona
|
|
glandular cells develop into
|
adenocardinoma
|
|
blood form of bone marrow develops into
|
leukemia
|
|
Cancer cells are also classed by..
|
cell type
anatomical site function degree of differentiation |
|
Define in-situ
|
pre-invasive cancer
|
|
Describe the growth of benign tumors
|
slower growth than malignant
may reach standstill or regress well defined fibrous capsule do not metastasize |
|
Describe the composition of benign cells
|
well differentiated cells that resemble the original
|
|
Benign tumors may interfere with
|
normal function
|
|
Describe the growth of malignant tumors
|
rapid,
spread widely can kill regardless of lcoation compress blood vessels cause ischemia tissue necrosis robs normal cells of nutrients |
|
Describe the growth of malignant tumors
|
liberate enzymes that destroy normal tissue
metastasize no physical continuity between primary and secondary but same tissue |
|
Describe composition of malignant tumors
|
solid tumors from tissue of origin and can metastasize
hematologic cancers involve blood and are circulated |
|
Give characteristics of malignant tumors
|
local increase in cell number
-loss of normal arrangement -variation of cell shape and size -increased nucleus size -increased mitotic activity -abnormal mitosis and chromosomes -live longer and not die on time -divide in uncoordinated fashion invading and estorying neighboring tissue |
|
Describe cell surface changes in malignancy tumors
|
glycolipids and glycoproteins on surface are
loss or modified causing change in response to growth factors |
|
Describe altered permeability in malignant tumors
|
substances are transported at higher rates.
Glucose is increaswed due to a greater metabolic need for energy |