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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Ischemia
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inadequacy of blood flow
will lead to cell atrophy or even cell death hypoxia |
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What is the process of cellular injury?
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1. Biochemical changes
2. Functional abnormality 3. Morphological change 4. Adaptation |
4 steps
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Biochemical changes of cellular injury
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few injuries understood at this level
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Functional abnormality caused by cellular injury
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normal cell function disturbed
fail to contract, secrete or whatever else cell is supposed to be doing |
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Morphological change caused by cell injury
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accumulation of water (cellular swelling or cloudy swelling) occurs when metabolism (i.e. active transport) is interfered with
hydropic or vacuolar change cell organelles converted to enlarged vacuole like sacs |
card 1
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Morphological change caused by cell injury
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accumulation of lipid - especially common in liver because liver is active in exchange of lipids.
Cell removes lipids from circulation and: oxidizes it for energy combines it with protein for transport in blood |
card 2
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Morphological change caused by cell injury
fat accumulation? |
too much fat is presented to cell
metabolism interfered with protein deficient (proteins usually combine with lipid to keep it soluble for transport in the circulation) |
card 3
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Adaptation after cell injury
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Hypertrophy - increase in size (increase output to match increased demand)
Atrophy - reduction in size (reduces demand for nutrients, etc to match supply) |
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Inflammation
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vascular reaction resulting in delivery of fluid, dissolved substances, and cells to the injured area
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Cardinal signs of Inflammation
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redness (due to hyperemia or congestion)
heat (also due to increased blood flow) swelling (due to fluids and cells) pain |
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Fluid aspects of inflammation
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changes in capillary dynamics - helps bring more raw material to battleground
increase in local BP (histamine dilates blood vessels) increased permeability to protein - actual change in endothelium due to histamine |
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