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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is inflammation?
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The succession of changes that occur in living, vascularized tissue after a sublethal injury
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What is Acute inflammation?
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Short in duration, accummulation of neutrophils
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What is Chronic inflammation?
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Longer duration, accummulation of macrophages and lymphocytes, proliferation of fibroblasts and blood vessels
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What is the function of Endothelial cells?
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Line the blood vessels, serve as a barrier to passage of fluid, molecules and cells
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What is the function of Mast cells?
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Reside in tissues near blood vessels, important reservoirs of chemical mediators for inflammation
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What is the function of fibroblasts?
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Located in tissue, produce connective tissue matrix
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What is the function of neutrophils?
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Important in acute inflammation, first line of defense vs infection
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What is the function of monocytes?
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reside in blood migrate to tissues and differentiate into macrophages, injest and destroy bacteria and debris
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What are the functions of B and T lymphocytes?
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Humoral and cell-mediated immunity
chronic inflammation |
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What is the function of Basophils?
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Circulate through the blood, reservoirs of chemical inflammatory mediators
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What is the function of platelets?
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Primary role in clotting factor also carry inflammatory mediators
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What is Rubor?
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Redness from vessel dilation and increased blood flow
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What is Calor?
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Heat due to vessel dilation and increased blood flow
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What is Dolor?
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Pain due to increased pressure on nerve endings from swelling and direct effect of chemical mediators
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What is Tumor?
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Swelling due to increased fluid in interstitual space
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What is Hyperemia?
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Increased blood flow dilation of arterioles and opening up of capillaries
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What two chemical mediators are synthesized from Arachodonic acid?
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Prostaglandins and leukotrienens
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How does histamine increase membrane permeability?
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Causes endothelial cells to restrict thus producing gaps in the vessel wall
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What is edema?
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Excess fluid in vessels
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What is exudate?
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Part of edema, seen in inflammation, protein-enriched, can be fibrinous or purulent (containing leukocytes, bacteria or debris)
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What is transudate
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protein poor, seen in instances of high blood pressure but epitheliam is not effected
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What is Diapedesis?
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Movement of leukocytes from blood to tissue, also known as extravasation
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What is chemotaxis?
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A reaction by which the direction of movement of cells is determined by substances in their environment, complement factor C5 is important for chemotaxis
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What is ESR?
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Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
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What protein, made in the liver, is likely to be at an increased level in the blood during inflammation
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C-reactive protein
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What is TNF?
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Tumor necrosis factor
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What type of healing comes from minimal tissue damage?
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Resolution
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What type of healing comes from renewal of tissue by cells capable of mitosis?
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Regeneration
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What type of healing comes from wound replaced by scar?
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Replacement
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