Pathophys Quiz 2

Front 1

Neoplasia

Back 1

development of abnormal growth

Front 2

cancer

Back 2

synonym for neoplasia;

development of abnormal growth

Front 3

neoplasm

Back 3

tumor;

not all cancerous

Front 4

metastasis

Back 4

establishment of secondary tumor growth;

thru blood or lymph

Front 5

% of men & women at risk of developing cancer

Back 5

men: 43

women: 38

Front 6

breast cancer genetic risk factors

Back 6

BRCA 1 & 2

Front 7

Benign

Back 7

grow slowly;

well differentiated-similar to tissue of origin;

localized;

nonfatal;

encapsulated

Front 8

Malignant

Back 8

grow rapidly;

poorly differentiated- very different from others;

not localized;

death possible

Front 9

anaplasia

Back 9

no differentiated cells;

complete loss of normal cell function

Front 10

Pleomorphic

Back 10

varied size and shape

Front 11

carcinoma In Situ

Back 11

not malignant;

non-invasive;

can go away on own

Front 12

Process of carcinogenesis

Back 12

Initiation, Promotion, Progression, Metastasis

Front 13

Initiation

Back 13

cells exposed to something causing change

Front 14

promotion

Back 14

chemical that promotes cell to continue change

Front 15

Progression

Back 15

all cells have changed into cancer cells & continue to promote, may form mass/tumor

Front 16

Metastasis

Back 16

break away from primary site;

Primary site invasion- cell detachment - dissemination - secondary site attachment - proliferation

Front 17

Cell membrane changes

Back 17

breakdown of: cell recognition, adhesion, communication

Front 18

Oncongene

Back 18

mutated forms of normal genes; promotes cell proliferation and survival (cheerleaders for cancer)

Front 19

Tumor Supressor genes

Back 19

inhibit cell proliferation; cell death or repair;

AKA: anti-oncongenes

Front 20

angiogenesis

Back 20

growth of new bv;

tumor larger than 1 mm in diameter

Front 21

Papillomas

Back 21

squamous and basal cells;

usually benign;

skin tissues, bv, vocal chords

Front 22

adenomas

Back 22

glandular;

usually benign;

pituitary, thyroid, prostate, breast

Front 23

Polyps

Back 23

papillomas or adenomas;

benign;

stem

Front 24

carcinomas

Back 24

malignant;

invasive;

basal cell carcinoma- skin

Front 25

adenocarcinomas

Back 25

glandular;

malignant;

kidney

Front 26

Sarcomas

Back 26

muscle-cell;

malignant

Front 27

osteoma

Back 27

bone;

benign

Front 28

glioma

Back 28

benign;

encapsulated - non invasive

Front 29

glioblastoma, astrocytoma

Back 29

malignant

Front 30

lymphomas

Back 30

lymph tissue

Front 31

leukemia

Back 31

blood-forming cells

Front 32

Imaging

Back 32

CAT scans, MRI, ultrasound

Front 33

Biopsy

Back 33

very long needle

Front 34

TMN Classification

Back 34

T: tumor

N: nodes

M: metastasis

Front 35

Stage I

Back 35

localized- tissue of origin

Front 36

Stage II

Back 36

locally advanced - limited to tissue of origin; local spread

Front 37

Stage III

Back 37

spread regionally- extensive local and regional spread

Front 38

Stage IV

Back 38

spread distantly (metastasized); spread to secondary site

Front 39

Cachexia

Back 39

loss of appetite, early satiety, weakness, inability to maintain weight, taste alterations, altered metabolism

Front 40

leukopenia

Back 40

low WBC

Front 41

thrombocytopenia

Back 41

low platelets

Front 42

alopecia

Back 42

hair loss

Front 43

Vascular phase

Back 43

mediators from plasma or cells