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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
absorption
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the process of taking up nutrients and other materials from the external environment of the GI tract into the internal environment of the body
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adhesion
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a fibrous band of scar tissue that binds together normally separate anatomical structures
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appendicitis
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acute inflammation of the appendix which may lead to perforation of the appendix wall and subsequent peritonitis
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Crohn's disease
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transmural inflammatory disease that can affect any portion of the digestive tract but principally affects the small intestine and occasionally the colon
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digestion
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the process of breaking foods down into smaller constituent parts
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diverticulum
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a pouch or sac branching out from a hollow organ or structure, such as the intestine
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dysphagia
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difficulty swallowing
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fistula
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abnormal duct or passage connecting an abscess, cavity or hollow organ to the body surface or to another hollow organ
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Helicobacter pylori
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type of bacteria that appear as small curved rods and are commonly found in the surface mucosal layer of epithelial cells in individuals affected by peptic ulcer disease
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hematemesis
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vomiting of blood
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hematochezia
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red blood in the stool - the source of blood is from the lower GI tract
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hernia
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the protrusion of an organ or other structure through the wall of the cavity normally containing it
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IBD
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inflammatory bowel disease - includes Crohn's and ulcerative colitis - characterized by inflammation of the bowel
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intussusception
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when a segment of small bowel becomes telescoped into the immediately distal bowel
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melena
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black blood in the stool - typically from the stomach or duodenum and is thus acted upon by digestive enzymes creating it's black appearence
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occult bleeding
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blood is stools that is not visible to the naked eye
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peptic ulcer
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a break in the mucosal lining of the GI tract produced by the action of gastric secretions
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perforation
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abnormal opening in a hollow organ or organ of the digestive system
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peritonitis
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inflammation of the peritoneum, the membrane lining the walls of the abdominal and pelvic cavities and surrounding the contained organs
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peristalsis
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a wave of contractions and relaxations of the digestive tract propelling its contents towards the anus
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polyp
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a general term used to describe any mass of tissue that projects outwards from a normally smooth surface
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stricutre
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narrowing of a tubular structure, usually consisting of a contracture or deposition of abnormal tissue
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ulcerative colitis
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an inflammatory disease of the colon which commonly present with chronic diarrhea and rectal bleeding
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volvulus
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a twisting of the intestine causing an obstruction and often impairing blood supply resulting in infarction
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