Pathology Final

Front 1

Crater due to acid digestion / bowel wall penetration

Back 1

Peptic Ulcer Disease

Front 2

Tarry stools

Back 2

Melena

Front 3

Out pouching at the pharyngoesophageal junction

Back 3

Zenker's Diverticulum

Front 4

Weakness of wall of the GI tract causing an out pouching due to motility

Back 4

Pulsion Diverticulum

Front 5

Congenital absence of an opening

Back 5

Atresia

Front 6

Sac-like out pouching of the mucosa secondary to scarring from adjacent disease; Triangular

Back 6

Traction Diverticulum

Front 7

Weakness resulting in a portion of the stomach into the thoracic cavity

Back 7

Hiatal Hernia

Front 8

Lesion outside of the bowel wall

Back 8

Extramural

Front 9

Neuromuscular disorder of the GE junction; Megaesophagus

Back 9

Achalasia

Front 10

Breaching of the mucosal surface of the GI tract

Back 10

Ulceration

Front 11

Mucosal ring that develops as a defense mechanism against reflux

Back 11

Schatzki's Ring

Front 12

Varicose veins of the esophagus due to portal hypertension

Back 12

Esophageal Varices

Front 13

Benign smooth muscle tumor in the stomach

Back 13

Leiomyoma

Front 14

Secondary to caustic material or reflux esophagitis

Back 14

Stricture

Front 15

Lack of an esophageal opening may result in several different types of tracheoesophageal __________.

Back 15

Fistula

Front 16

Strictures of the esophagus resulting from gastric contents

Back 16

Reflux Esophagitis

Front 17

Asynchrony of peristalsis of the esophagus

Back 17

Tertiary Contractions

Front 18

Vomiting blood

Back 18

Hematemesis

Front 19

Lesion arising from the bowel wall

Back 19

Intramural

Front 20

Anastomosis btwn gastric remnants and pyloric canal

Back 20

Antrectomy

Front 21

Indigestion of caustic material causes ___________.

Back 21

Corrosive Strictures

Front 22

Gastric hernia next to the GE junction

Back 22

Paraesophageal Hiatal Hernia

Front 23

Gastric cancer may have a _________________ pattern.

Back 23

Linitus Plastica

Front 24

Surgical procedure that reduces HCL production in the stomach

Back 24

Vagotomy

Front 25

Benign saccular projection into the lumen of the bowel with possible abnormal tissue.

Back 25

Hyperplastic Polyps

Front 26

Hairball

Back 26

Bezoar

Front 27

Entire stomach protrudes into the thorax

Back 27

Intrathoracic stomach

Front 28

Hypertrophy of the pyloric sphincter

Back 28

Pyloric Stenosis

Front 29

Mucosal changes due to acid digestion; no bowel wall penetration

Back 29

Gastric Erosion

Front 30

Malignant tumor of the stomach

Back 30

Adenocarcinoma

Front 31

Little or no HCL production in the stomach

Back 31

Achlorhydia

Front 32

Enlarged saccular projection into the lumen; pre-malignant

Back 32

Adenomatous

Front 33

Anastomosis btwn gastric remnants and duodenum

Back 33

Billroth 1

Front 34

Benign saccular projection attached directly to the bowel wall

Back 34

Sessile Polyp

Front 35

Surgical drainage procedure in which the stomach and bowel are resected and anastomosed

Back 35

Gastroenterostomy

Front 36

Chronic inflammation / Unknown etiology / Young adults / Involves TI / Regional enteritis

Back 36

Crohn's Disease

Front 37

Protrusion or herniation of mucosa through the muscular coat at a point of weakness

Back 37

Diverticulum

Front 38

Adenocarcinoma of the colon may have this appearance

Back 38

Apple Core

Front 39

Pinworm

Back 39

Enterobiasis

Front 40

Parasite infection due to polluted water

Back 40

Giardiasis

Front 41

Congenital absence of an anal opening

Back 41

Imperforate Anus

Front 42

Outpouching 3 feet above ileocecal valve

Back 42

Meckel's Diverticulum

Front 43

Impaired intestinal absorption of nutrients

Back 43

Malabsorption

Front 44

Roundworm

Back 44

Ascariasis

Front 45

95% of peptic ulcer disease occurs in this area

Back 45

Duodenum

Front 46

Intestines are not in normal position causing problems; no fixation of the cecum in RUQ

Back 46

Malrotation

Front 47

Crohn's disease can be determined by visualizing this sign in the TI

Back 47

String Sign

Front 48

Bulky, high fat content, foul smelling stools that float

Back 48

Steatorrhea

Front 49

Anastomosis btwn the gastric remnants and the jejunum

Back 49

Billroth 2

Front 50

Protruding growth from the mucous membrane

Back 50

Polyp

Front 51

Twisting of the bowel

Back 51

Volvulus

Front 52

Chronic inflammation / Unknown etiology / Begins at Rectosigmoid area and ascends

Back 52

Ulcerative Colitis

Front 53

Condition of bowel herniations

Back 53

Diverticulosis

Front 54

Chronic inflammation with a dilated ileum

Back 54

Backwash Ileus

Front 55

Inflammation of the appendix

Back 55

Appendicitis

Front 56

Megacolon due to absence of neurons in the bowel wall

Back 56

Hirschprung's Disease

Front 57

Hereditary disease where numerous polyps form in the colon

Back 57

Familial Polyposis

Front 58

Telescoping bowel

Back 58

Intussusception

Front 59

Difficulty swallowing

Back 59

Dysphagia

Front 60

Varicose veins of the rectum

Back 60

Hemorrhoids

Front 61

Inflammation and weakening of the bowel wall

Back 61

Diverticulitis

Front 62

Islands of unaffected mucosa surrounded by affected mucosa in the bowel

Back 62

Pseudopolyps

Front 63

Due to chronic constipation

Back 63

Megacolon

Front 64

Most common site for primary colon cancer

Back 64

Rectosigmoid

Front 65

Alteration of intestinal motility

Back 65

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Front 66

Air in the peritoneal cavity may visualize the ______________.

Back 66

Falciform Ligament

Front 67

Jejunal obstructions may have a ____________ appearance.

Back 67

Spring-Coiled

Front 68

The fat layer laying next to the peritoneum and visualized on a KUB from ribs to iliac crest

Back 68

Fat Stripes

Front 69

The sound in the abdomen if a mechanical bowel obstruction occurs

Back 69

Tinkles

Front 70

Mechanical obstruction of the small bowel due to a gallstone

Back 70

Gallstone Ileus

Front 71

A wavelike motion of the alimentary tract

Back 71

Peristalsis

Front 72

A collection of gas and pus below the diaphragm

Back 72

Subphrenic Abscess

Front 73

Layered gallstones

Back 73

Laminated

Front 74

Flat surfaced gallstones

Back 74

Faceted

Front 75

An ileal obstruction will have a ___________ appearance.

Back 75

Stair-Stepping

Front 76

A protrusion of the bowel is trapped by tissues preventing reduction

Back 76

Incarcerated Hernia

Front 77

Fluid in the peritoneal cavity

Back 77

Ascites

Front 78

A jejunal obstruction may have a _____________ appearance.

Back 78

Stack of Coins

Front 79

Compression of the bowel lumen or blockage of its contents

Back 79

Mechanical Bowel Obstruction

Front 80

Absence of peristalsis in the bowel

Back 80

Paralytic Ileus

Front 81

Fibrous bands of tissue within the abdomen; commonly occur post-op

Back 81

Adhesions

Front 82

Large bowel obstruction will demonstrate ____________.

Back 82

Haustral Markings

Front 83

Inflammation of the peritoneum

Back 83

Peritonitis

Front 84

Free air within the peritoneal cavity

Back 84

Pneumoperitoneum

Front 85

Hardened ball of stool

Back 85

Fecalith

Front 86

Gallstones containing cholesterol or bilirubin

Back 86

Radiolucent

Front 87

Inflammation of the gallbladder

Back 87

Cholecystitis

Front 88

Primary liver tumor

Back 88

Hepatoma

Front 89

Bile sludge on a plain radiograph

Back 89

Milk of Calcium

Front 90

Cancer of the gallbladder has a _________ appearance.

Back 90

Porcelain

Front 91

Oral drug used to dissolve gallstones

Back 91

Chenodeoxycholic

Front 92

Localized peritonitis will cause dilation called ___________.

Back 92

Sentinal Loops

Front 93

Calcified thrombi in varicose veins

Back 93

Phlebolith

Front 94

Air in the peritoneal cavity on a supine film is said to have a _____________.

Back 94

Football Sign

Front 95

Fat around these muscles make them visible on a KUB

Back 95

Psoas

Front 96

Gallstones

Back 96

Cholelithiasis

Front 97

Gallstones that contain calcium; also called mixed

Back 97

Radiopaque

Front 98

Best visualized with a HIDA scan

Back 98

Acute Cholecystitis

Front 99

Tissue necrosis

Back 99

Gangrene

Front 100

Cyst in the common bile duct

Back 100

Choledochocyst

Front 101

Hepatitis may be caused by _____________.

Back 101

Herpes Simplex 1 & 2

Front 102

Liver disease where liver cells are replaced by triglyceride droplets

Back 102

Fatty Replacement

Front 103

Thickening and contraction of the gallbladder

Back 103

Chronic Cholecystitis

Front 104

Rupturing of the wall of the gall bladder causes _________.

Back 104

Bile Peritonitis

Front 105

Test that visualizes the common bile and pancreatic duct through contrast injection

Back 105

ERCP

Front 106

Benign tumor of the liver

Back 106

Hepatocellular Adenoma

Front 107

Enlarged liver

Back 107

Hepatomegaly

Front 108

Diverticulosis of the gallbladder

Back 108

Adenomyomatosis

Front 109

Removal of the gallbladder

Back 109

Cholecystectomy

Front 110

Yellowish discoloration of the skin, urine, whites of eyes

Back 110

Jaundice

Front 111

Product broken down by glucagon to produce glucose

Back 111

Glycogen

Front 112

Herpes Virus 4; infectious mononucleosis

Back 112

Epstein-Barr

Front 113

Hormone produced by pancreas to convert glucose to glycogen

Back 113

Insulin

Front 114

A collection of pancreatic juices due to pancreatic necrosis or rupture

Back 114

Pseudocyst

Front 115

Iron storage disease

Back 115

Hemochromatosis

Front 116

Acute pancreatitis can be caused by_______.

Back 116

Mumps

Front 117

Caused by gas forming organisms due to ischemia and stasis

Back 117

Emphysematous Cholecystitis

Front 118

A disease in which the organ begins to digest itself

Back 118

Pancreatitis

Front 119

Insulin is produced by the _______________.

Back 119

Islets of Langerhans

Front 120

Metabolic disease of the pancreas; deficient insulin

Back 120

Diabetes

Front 121

Transmitted directly to a child from either parent on a single gene

Back 121

Hereditary Disease

Front 122

The body attacks itself

Back 122

Autoimmunity

Front 123

Rate at which symptoms interfere with daily routine

Back 123

Morbidity Rate

Front 124

Disturbance in normal body function

Back 124

Metabolic Disease

Front 125

Lack of lymphocytes due to radiation / chemicals

Back 125

Immune Suppression

Front 126

Number of deaths caused by a disease averaged over the population

Back 126

Mortality Rate

Front 127

Virus that leads to AIDS

Back 127

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Front 128

Study of the cause of a disease

Back 128

Etiology

Front 129

Patient's perception of disease

Back 129

Symptom

Front 130

Prediction of course of a disease

Back 130

Prognosis