Path 404: Hypofunction And Hyperfunction In The Endocrine System

Front 1

The pituitary gland is also known as the _________.

Back 1

hypophysis

Front 2

The anterior lobe of the pituitary gland comprises about ____% of the gland.

Back 2

80

Front 3

What is the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland called?

Back 3

the neurohypophysis

Front 4

What hormone do corticotropes secrete?

Back 4

ACTH

Front 5

What two hormones do gonadotropes secrete?

Back 5

FSH and LH

Front 6

True or false: Some pituitary hormones are made in the posterior lobe.

Back 6

false

Front 7

Which two hormones are associated with the posterior pituitary?

Back 7

oxytocin and vasopressin

Front 8

One of the most common pituitary tumors in childhood is the _____________.

Back 8

benign craniopharyngioma

Front 9

A pituitary disorder caused by vasopressin deficiency is known as __________.

Back 9

diabetes insipidus

Front 10

An enlarged thryroid is also known as a __________.

Back 10

goiter

Front 11

True or false: Hypothyroidism always presents with a goiter.

Back 11

false

Front 12

Autoimmune thyroid disease is also known as __________

Back 12

Hashimoto thyroiditis.

Front 13

What are the symptoms of hypothyroidism?

Back 13

bradycardia, constipation, cold intolerance, dry skin, hair loss, and edema of the extremities

Front 14

Hashimoto thyroiditis is often seen in patients with what other condition?

Back 14

Down syndrome

Front 15

The most common form of hyperthyroidism is ___________.

Back 15

Graves disease

Front 16

PTH is a hormone that controls _______ metabolism.

Back 16

calcium

Front 17

Hypoparathyroidism is caused by _______ PTH secretion which leads to ____ calcium levels.

Back 17

decreased, low

Front 18

Hyperparathyroidism is caused by ________ PTH production causing ________ calcium levels.

Back 18

excess, high

Front 19

A congenital disease in which a person is missing an enzyme in the adrenal cortex pathway is known as ____________.

Back 19

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Front 20

CAH can result in an overproduction of __________.

Back 20

androgens

Front 21

Addison disease is adrenal cortex ___________.

Back 21

insufficiency

Front 22

What are signs and symptoms of Addison disease?

Back 22

hypoglycemia, vomiting, weight loss, shock, low sodium, high potassium

Front 23

True or false: Addison disease it not typically life threatening.

Back 23

false

Front 24

Excess adrenal cortex hormones is known as ____________.

Back 24

Cushing syndrome

Front 25

When is excess adrenal cortex hormones known as Cushing disease?

Back 25

when the excess hormones are due to the pituitary overproducing ACTH.

Front 26

What are signs and symptoms of Cushing syndrome?

Back 26

obese trunk, moon facies, purple striae, thinning of skin, hypertension, "buffalo hump," osteoporosis

Front 27

What three syndromes are associated with APS 1?

Back 27

Addison disease, hypoparathyroidism, and mucocutaneous candidiasis

Front 28

Addison disease, diabetes mellitus 1 and thyroid disease/pernicious anemia form which APS?

Back 28

APS 2

Front 29

Which APS occurs in 20% of people with type 1 diabetes?

Back 29

APS 3