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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
nucleus
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COMPOSITION:
Non-reproducing=threadlike mass called chromatin Reproducing=mass thickens into chromosomes *Has DNA and porous membrane to communicate with cytoplasm FUNCTION: carries the genetic information |
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cell membrane
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COMPOSITION:
Phospholipid bilayer that makes cell separate unit Viscosity of olive oil for fluidity FUNCTION: Proteins- extend through membrane to transport in&out Carbs- receptor cites sterols-help w/osmotic protection NOT IN PROKARYOTIC CELLS *Compartmentalization & selective permeability |
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endoplasmic reticulum
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COMPOSITION:
Membranous network of sacs with nucluear membrane FUNCTION: SMOOTH ER- synthesizes fats & phospholipids (liver/muscle) ROUGH ER- attached to ribosomes/proteins formed in ribosomes are folded into ER and transported |
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ribosome
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COMPOSTION: tiny round cytoplasmic particle composed of RNA & protein
FUNCTION: site of protein synthesis as directed by mRNA |
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golgi complex
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COMPOSITION: membranous sacs in stacks
FUNCTION: Modifies proteins -glycoproteins(sugars with proteins) -lipoproteins(fats with proteins) |
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lysosome
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COMPOSITION:
membrane bound sructures that contain up to 40 different types of digestive enzymes membrane is not a bilayer FUNCTION: enzymes catalyze the breakdown of many types of molecules in phagocytic white blood cells, help digest phagocytized bacteria |
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vacuole
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COMPOSITION:
membrane-enclosed structures FUNCTION: storage units for proteins & sugars or for toxic metabolic waste |
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mitochondria
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COMPOSITION:
Double membrane bound structure Respiratory/electron transport chain is embedded in inner membrane with ATP synthase Inner membrane folded for more surface area for chem. reactions FUNCTION: Has 70 S ribosomes Own DNA Reproduces independently ***powerhouse of cell ***provides the cell with energy/breaks down food molecules to make ATP |
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cytoskeleton
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COMPOSITION:
Has tonofibrils Filaments of terminal web FUNCTION: Internal reinforcement in cytoplasm |
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chloroplast (plants)
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COMPOSITION: membrane bound & contains chlorophyll
FUNCTION: Conserves light energy from sun Fixes CO2 by photosynthesis Forms C6H12O6 |
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cell wall (plants and fungi)
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COMPOSITION:
Rigid structure that lies on outside of cell Joined to plasma membrane of plant cells & MOST PROKARYOTIC CELLS FUNCTION: Protects the cell & maintains its shape |
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cilia
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COMPOSITION:
minute hair-like processes that extend from cell 9 pairs of microtubules around a core of 2 microtubules FUNCTION: Beats rhythmically to move cell Moves fluid or mucus over surface |
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flagella
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COMPOSITION:
hair-like projections that extend from some unicellular organisms FUNCTION: aid in movement |