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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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converging lens |
- used for hyperopia (far sightedness; lens is too short) - thick part of glass is in middle |
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diverging lens |
- used for myopia (nearsightedness; lens is too long) - thick part of glass is on edges |
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ganglion: 1. otic 2. pterygopalatine 3. ciliary 4. submandibular ganglion |
2. pterygopalatine: CN VII: greater petrosal; parasympathetic for lacrimal (from geniculate ganglion) 3. ciliary: CN III; parasympathetic for sphincter pupillae and ciliary muscle 4. submandibular ganglion: CN VII: chorda tympani; parasympathetic for lingual and sublingual |
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prosopagnosia |
- inability to recognize faces - p pathway (ventral pathway) - right side |
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frontal eye field |
- ipsilateral eye deviation (deviates toward lesion) - contralateral gaze paralysis - similar to abducens NUCLEUS lesion - located in frontal lobe |
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middle ear cavity where does the following course thru? 1. chorda tympani 2. facial nerve 3. mastoid air cells |
1. chorda tympani = tympanic membrane (taste) 2. facial nerve = lateral wall; motor for facial 3. mastoid air cells = beyond posterior wall |
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infratemporal fossa key features |
1. maxillary artery 2. V3 and muscles of mastication 3. TMJ - zygomatic arch removed; temporalis and masseter reflected - superficial part = pterygoids, lingual, inf alveolar - deep part = branches of maxillary artery, auiculotemporal, etc |
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pterygopalatine fossa |
- under nasal cavity - nerves: foramen rotundum (v2), nerve of pterygoid canal (CN VII) - pterygomaxillary fissure (maxillary nerve and artery to infratemporal region, post. sup. alveolar nerve) & inferior orbital fissure (infraorbital nerve and artery) - sphenopalatine foramen |
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vestibulocerebellum |
- bottom part; - nodulus and floculus - medial descending system; posture and balance |
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pontocerebellum |
- most lateral part; hemisphere - contralateral pontocerebellar fibers - lateral descending system; fine movements - lesion: asynergia; dysmetria; intention tremor |
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spinocerebellum |
- medial part; vermis, paravermis - ipsilateral spinocerebellar fibers - vermis: medial descending system; posture and balance - lesion: ataxia; position dependent nystagmus, unsteadiness - paravermis: lateral descending system; fine movments - lesion: lesion: asynergia; dysmetria; intention tremor |
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anosmia |
- inability to smell; - CN I or frontal lobe lesion |
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Thalamus motor nuclei and associated components with lesions |
1. ventral anterior (basal ganglia to SMA) - lesion = dyskinesia (contralateral) 2. ventral lateral (cerebellum to LPA, motor cortex) |
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Thalamus limbic nuclei and associated components with lesions |
1. anterior (mammillary body to anterior cingulate) - mammillary body lesion = Karsakoff's (alcohol) 2. dorsal medial (amygdala/olf. to PFC) |
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Thalamus sensory nuclei and associated components with lesions |
1. ventral posterior (medial lemniscus, STT, CTT to somatosensory cortex) 2. MGB (inferior colliculus to primary auditory) 3. LGB (superior colliculus to primary visual) - lesion = contralateral homonomyous hemianopsia |
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right vs left cerebral dominance |
left: calculations, language right: face recognition, emotion, spatial, song |
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frontal lobe lesions |
- contralateral paralysis - broca's aphasia - lateral gaze paralysis (FEF) - anosmia (can't smell) - impulsivity/disinhibition - executive functions |
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parietal lobe lesions |
- contralateral anethesia (can't feel) - apraxia (speech) - tactile agnosia (dominant side) - contralateral neglect (non-dominant side) - visuo-spatial deficits |
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temporal lobe lesions |
- anterograde amnesia (hippocampus) - kluver-bucy syndrome (amygdala) - wernicke's aphasia (dominant side) - prosopagnosia (right ventral); (facial recognition) - pie-in-the sky (meyernt's loop) |
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occipital lobe lesions |
- visual field deficits |
