Parasitology--Ticks And Mites

Front 1

What are the 4 life stages of ticks and mites?

Back 1

Egg, Larva, Nymph, Adult

Front 2

What are the 2 parts of their body?

Back 2

Capitulum (gnathosoma) and Idiosoma

Front 3

What makes up the Capitulum?

Back 3

Chelicerae, Hypostome, Palps

Front 4

What is the life CYCLE of the typical parasitic mite?

Back 4

-All stages on the host
-Usually short
-Transmitted by direct contact, fomites
-Doesn't survive well off host

Front 5

What are the 3 genera of Sarcoptic Mites?

Back 5

-Sarcoptes
-Notoedres
-Knemidocoptes

Front 6

General characteristics of Sarcoptic mites

Back 6

-Round bodies
-Last 2 pairs of legs are short
-Burrowing mites

Front 7

Life CYCLE of Sarcoptic mites

Back 7

-Female makes tunnels
-3 weeks
-Easily spread

Front 8

Diagnosis of Sarcoptic mites

Back 8

Skin Scraping
May be difficult to find mites
May find mites or eggs on fecal

Front 9

What is most common in dogs in the US?

Back 9

Sarcoptes scabiei

Front 10

Clinical Signs of Sarcoptes scabiei

Back 10

Mites like hairless areas or thin hair
Intense pruritus
Chronic infestation=alopecia, thickened, wrinkled skin, secondary bacterial infection, self inflicted trauma

Front 11

What is the treatment for Sarcoptes?

Back 11

Treat all animals
Macrolides used most often
Environment

Front 12

Zoonotic potential?

Back 12

lesions in areas of contact

humans have own Sarcoptes

Front 13

Sarcoptes in swine

Back 13

IMPORTANT
lost production in young pigs
old sows are carriers
eradicable from closed system with macrolides

Front 14

Sarcoptes in LA species

Back 14

Rare in ruminants
Can cause severe disease in camelids
LA tx is the same--macrolides

Front 15

Rare sarcoptic mange mite of the cat

Lesions on the head and neck

Back 15

Notoedres cati

Front 16

Sarcoptic mange mite of birds, lesions on non feathered portions (white crusty honeycomb), can be serious, progressive disease

Back 16

Knemidocoptes species

Front 17

What are the 3 genera of Psoroptic mites?

Back 17

Psoroptes, Chorioptes, Otodectes

Front 18

General characteristics of Psoroptic mites

Back 18

-surface dwellers
-oval with longer legs
-short life cycle (2 wks)
-dx by skin scrape

Front 19

Highly contagious severe mange in ruminants, notifiable but importance is diminishing

Back 19

Psoroptes ovis

Front 20

Primary otic parasite of rabbits

Back 20

Psoroptes cuniculi

Front 21

Ruminants and occasionally in horses, often on the legs, tailhead in cattle, foot or leg on horses (feathered)

Back 21

Chorioptes

Front 22

Common ear mite of dogs and cats, ferrets and cause otitis externa and intense pruritis

Back 22

Otodectes cynotis

Front 23

Canine mange
Cigar with legs
In sebaceous glands, interfere with function
Infected early via dam
Mostly Asymptomatic

Back 23

Demodex

Front 24

2 forms of Demodex canis

Back 24

Localized form--some pups, small hairless regions 90% resolve on their own
Generalized form--progressive spread in 10% of localized pup cases, also when onset happens as adult

Front 25

Clinical signs of Demodex canis

Back 25

Alopecia
Erythema
Seborrhea
Pyoderma
Pruritus later
More often in purebred, shorthair dogs

Front 26

Diagnosis and treatment of D. canis

Back 26

skin scrape, eggs and mites in feces, ^mites and juveniles=dec. prognosis

Amitraz, macrolides, don't breed animals with history of generalized disease

Front 27

Walking dandruff--infrequent in dogs, cats, rabbits; surface mite; few CS

Back 27

Cheyletiella

Front 28

Diagnosis and treatment of Cheyletiella

Back 28

Scotch tape, brushings

Fipronil, selamectin, environmental control

Zoonosis in areas of contact

Front 29

Probably more related to ticks, look like them but small

Back 29

Mesostigmatid mites

Front 30

Examples of Mesostigmatid mites

Back 30

Ornithonyssus sylviarum (northern fowl mite)

Dermanyssus gallinae (red poultry mite)

Front 31

avian bloodsucking mite
entire life on host
can decrease weight gain and egg production
species of rodents can cause human problems

Back 31

Ornithonyssus sylviarum

Front 32

Parasite of poultry and wild birds
on host at night--bloodsucking
dx by finding red or black mites in environment during the day
can be a pest to people

Back 32

Dermanyssus gallinae

Front 33

Chiggers, Harvest mites
only larvae are parasitic
usually red or orange
attach for several days-intense pruritus after mites are gone
tx is symptomatic

Back 33

Trombiculid mites

Front 34

Tick Phylum _______ , Class _______

Back 34

Arthropoda

Arachnida

Front 35

Soft ticks are Family _______ and Hard ticks are Family ________

Back 35

Argasidae

Ixodidae

Front 36

Basic Hard tick life cycle

Back 36

Egg no legs-->Larvae 3 pairs of legs-->Nymph 4 pairs of legs-->Adult 4 pairs of legs

Front 37

Why are ticks good disease vectors?

Back 37

Persistent blood feeders
Feed slowly
Highly scerlotized
Few natural enemies
Wide host range
Long Lived
High repro potential

Front 38

2 parts of a tick body

Back 38

Capitulum and Idiosoma

Front 39

Parts of the Capitulum

Back 39

Basis capituli and Mouth parts (palps, chelicerae, hypstome)

Front 40

Do all ticks transmit pathogens in the same time frame?

Back 40

No...some pathogens take different time periods to be transmitted by the same tick species...also the same tick genera make take different times to transmit the same pathogen

Front 41

How do ticks seek their host?

Back 41

Questing

Front 42

Ticks that live along paths, trails, etc. where host will pass are _________

Back 42

Non-nidicolous

Front 43

Which tick transmits Lyme Disease?

Back 43

Ixodes (scapularis, pacificus, ricinus)

Front 44

Ixodes scapularis has a life cycle that lasts for up to ___ years and it utilizes ____ hosts during that time

Back 44

2 and 3

Front 45

What is the defining characteristic of Ixodes in general? What tells you its an adult?

Back 45

Anal groove

Genital opening

Front 46

What tick species possesses a white star on its back?

Back 46

Amblyoma americanum

Front 47

What diseases does A. americanum transmit?

Back 47

RMSF
STARI
Human monocytic ehrlichiosis (E. chaffeensis)
Canine and human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (E. ewingi)

Front 48

The American dog tick

Back 48

Dermacentor variabilis

Front 49

How long is the life cycle of Dermacentor?

Back 49

1-2 years

Front 50

Dermacentor transmits (3 diseases)

Back 50

RMSF
Cytauxzoan felis
E. canis

Front 51

Is Dermacentor Ornate? Does it have festoons?

Back 51

Yes for both

Front 52

The brown dog tick

Back 52

Rhipicephalus sanguineus

Front 53

Can complete its life cycle in _______

Back 53

2 months

Front 54

Rhipicephalus transmits...

Back 54

E. canis
Possibly A. platys
Babesia canis and B. gibsoni

Front 55

What is the defining characteristic of Rhipicephalus on the basis capituli?

Back 55

Lateral expansions

Front 56

Is Rhipicephalus ornate?

Back 56

No

Front 57

Texas cattle fever tick (1 host). Still in the US?

Back 57

Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus

No, eradicated to Mexico

Front 58

Ascending motor paralysis from toxic substances in saliva

Back 58

Tick paralysis

Front 59

How is tick paralysis treated?

Back 59

Remove the tick!!

Front 60

Modes of tick control

Back 60

Vaccination
Prevention
Treatments
Manual removal