• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/620

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

620 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What are the two arthropod classes of major veterinary importance?
* Insecta (fleas,flies,bugs, and lice)

* Arachnida (mites, ticks, and spiders) (p.8)
What specific characteristics classify a parasite an arthropod?
1. Invertebrates
2. Chitnous exoskeleton
3. Segmented body
4. Jointed limbs
(p.8)
Regarding arthropods-what are the two types of development?
1. Incomplete metamorphosis (hemimetabolous)

2. Complete metamorphosis (holometabolous)
(p.8)
What is incomplete metamorphosis (hemimetabolous)?
* The nymphs resemble minature adults and the life styles of the nymphs closely resemble those of the adults

* egg--> nymph several stages--> adult
(p.8)
What is complete metamorphosis (holometabolous)?
* The larva is completely unlike the adult in morphology and life style as it undergoes a histological reorganization before becoming sexually mature (allows them to exploit a different habitat and food)
(p.8)
What arthropods develop via incomplete metamorphosis (hemimetabolous)?
* True bugs
* Lice
* Mites
* Ticks
What arthropods develop via complete metamorphosis (holometabolous)?
* Fleas
* Flies
What are the 3 types of deleterious effects of arthropods (ectoparasites)?
1. Direct (host-ectoparasite interactions)
2. Indirect (host-ectoparasite interactions)
3. Indirect (host-ectoparasite-pathogen-interactions)
(p.9)
What are the 2 types of vectors arthropods can act as?
1. Mechanical vector
2. Biological vector
(p.9)
What is a mechanical vector?
* A vector that transmits infective organisms directly to a recipient host without any development or multiplication.
(p.9)
What is a biological vector?
* A vector in which the infective organisms either undergo development or multiply within the vector before being transmitted to the recipient host.

* Usually blood feeders
(p.9)
What class consists of about 90% of all arthropods?
Class Insecta
-31 orders
(p.10)
How can members of the class Insecta be distinguished from other arthropods?
1. 3 pairs of legs in adults
2. 3 body parts (head, thorax, and abdomen)
(p.10)
What order do fleas belong to?
Siphonaptera
(p.10)
What special characteristics do fleas have?
* small
* laterally flattened
* wingless
* obligate blood-feeding insects (piercing-sucking mouthparts)
(p.10)
Which life stage of the flea is parasitic?
Only ADULT fleas are parasitic
(p.10)
Are fleas host specific?
Not host specific, but do show prefrences
(p.10)
How do fleas develop?
Complete metamorphosis
(p.10)
How long does the flea life cycle take to complete?
Typically 35 days (dependent on environmental conditions and flea genus)
(p.10)
What are the stages of the flea life cycle and when is the flea on the host?
1. Egg (off host)
2. Larva (off host)
3. Pupa (off host)
4. Adult (on host)
(p.10)
What are the two families of fleas that are of veterinary importance?
1. Pulicidae
2. Ceratophyllidae
(p.11)
What genera of fleas belong to the Pulicidae
family?
* Ctenocephalides
* Pulex
* Xenopsylla
* Echidnophaga
(p.11)
What genera of fleas belong to the Ceratophyllidae family?
* Nosopsyllus
* Leptosylla
* Cediopsylla
* Orchopeas
* Oropsylaa
(p.11)
Which fleas are known for having both a genal and pronatal comb?
Ctenocephalides
(p.11)
What is the scientific name for the "dog flea" which has largely succumbed to modern pesticides and is rarely seen?
Ctenocephalides canis
(p.11)
What is the most common flea of cats and dogs?
Ctenocephalides felis
(p.11)
What is the common name for Ctenocephalides felis?
Cat flea (p.11)
What is the common name for Ctenocephalides canis?
Dog flea (p.11)
What species host is Ctenocephalides felis found on?
* Dogs and cats mainly (more common on dogs than C. canis)

*Other carnivores and rodents (p.11)
What species host is Ctenocephalides canis found on?
* Dogs and cats mainly (the dog flea appears to have largely succumbed to modern pesticides and is rarely seen)

*Other carnivores and rodents (p.11)
How can you tell Ctenocephalides canis from Ctenocephalides felis?
Both fleas have a genal and pronotal comb (ctenidia)

***Ctenocephalides canis has a rounder head and the first genal comb is shorter than second (p.11)
Where is the majority of the life cycle of Ctenocephalides canis and felis spent?
* Off the host
* Adult remains on host mainly
* Life cycle takes 35 days to complete (p.11)
What can Ctenocephalides canis and felis transmit?
Bartonella henselae (cat scratch fever) (p.12)
What can Ctenocephalides canis and felis be vectors of?
* Mycoplasma haemofelis

* M. haemominutum (feline infectious anemia)(p.12)
What can Ctenocephalides canis and felis be intermediate hosts of?
* Diphylidium caninum (tapeworm)

* Acanthocheilonema reconditum (important to distinguish from Dirofilaria immitis – heartworm) (p.12)
What is the common name for Pulex irritans?
The human flea (p.12)
Where are P. irritans and P. simulans distributed?
* P. irritans: cosmopolitan distribution

* P. simulans: Hawaii, southern and central USA (p.12)
On what host species are P. irritans and P. simulans found?
* Humans
* Dogs
* Cats
* Swine
* Wildlife (p.12)
What are the identifying characteristics of P. irritans and P. simulans?
****No genal or pronotal combs

*NO mesopleuron rod (p.12)
How do you tell Pulex from Xenopsylla since they look very similar?
Pulex does NOT have a mesopleuron rod-Xenopsylla DOES (p.12)
Where is the majority of the Pulex life cycle spent?
* Off the host

* Adult remains on host mainly
What is the Pulex spp. known for transmitting?
* Rickettsia typhi (typhus)

* Yersinia pestis (plague)
(p.12)
What is the scientific name for the Oriental rat flea?
Xenopsylla cheopis
(p.13)
What is the scientific name for the cat flea?
Ctenocephalides felis
(p.11)
What is the scientific name for the dog flea?
Ctenocephalides canis
(p.11)
What is the scientific name for the human flea?
Pulex irritans
(p.12)
What is the common name for Xenopsylla cheopis?
Oriental rat flea (p.13)
What is the primary host of Xenopsylla cheopis?
Black rat (Rattus rattus)
(p.13)
What are the identifying characteristics of Xenopsylla cheopis?
* They have a mesopleuron rod

* No genal or pronotal combs (p.13)
How long does the life cylce last of Xenopsylla cheopis?
About 4-8 weeks
(Nest dwellers unless their hosts die) (p.13)
What can Xenopsylla cheopis act as an intermedicate host for?
* Haymenolepis diminuta
* H. nana (p.13)
What can Xenopsylla cheopis act as a potential vector for?
**Most important vector of Yersinia pestis;

*Rickettsia typhi
(p.13)
What is the common name for Echidnophaga gallinacean?
Sticktight flea (p.13)
In what host species is Echidnophaga gallinacean primarily important?
Domestic poultry (forming ulcers on head and neck)
(p.13)
What species can Echidnophaga gallinacean be found on?
*Domestic poultry
* Rodents
* Cats
* Dogs
* Humans (p.13)
What are the identifying characteristics of Echidnophaga gallinacean?
* Angled head

* No combs (p.13)
Where does Echidnophaga gallinacean primarily attach?
Head of host (esp. around eyes) (p.13)
How long does the life cycle of Echidnophaga gallinacean take to complete?
About 4-8 weeks (p.13)
What can Echidnophaga gallinacean potentially transmit?
Potentially murine typhus and plague, but as female adult fleas spend most of their lives attached to a single host, they are not considered to be a significant vector of disease (p.13)
What is the scientific name for the northern rat flea?
Nosopsyllus fasciatus (p.13)
What is the scientific name for the mouse flea?
Leptosyllus segnis (p.13)
What is the scientific name for the rabbit flea?
Cediopsylla simplex (p.13)
What is the scientific name for the squirrel flea?
Orchopeas howardii (p.13)
What is the scientific name for the ground squirrel flea?
Oropsylla montana (p.13)
What are the two most important things to consider when trying to control fleas?
The host and the environment (p.14)
What is one of the most common skin disease problem caused by fleas in companion animals?
Flea allergy dermatitis (p.14)
What is the definitive test for flea allergy dermatitis?
Flea-control trial (p.14)
What identifying characteristics make an arthropod a "true bug"
1. Piercing sucking mouthparts (proboscis)
2. Proboscis jointed, attached anteriorly and often tucked beneath head
3. 2 pairs of wings, conspicuous antennas
4. Incomplete metamorphosis
(p.14)
What order do "true bugs" belong to?
Hemiptera (p.14)
What is the one hemipteran family of veterinary importance in North America?
Family: Reduviidae
(kissing bugs, assassin bugs, Coenoses) (p.14)
What hosts do bugs belonging in the family Reduviidae and subfamily Triatominae feed on?
Feed exculsively on the blood of vertebrates (p.14)
What are the identifying characteristics of bugs belonging in the family Reduviidae and subfamily Triatominae?
* About an inch long
* Leaf-shaped
* White/red markings
* Dorsally flattened (p.15)
Where do bugs belonging in the family Reduviidae and subfamily Triatominae live?
Live in cracks in walls, celinings, wood piles, downed trees, and nests during day(p.15)
When do bugs belonging in the family Reduviidae and subfamily Triatominae feed?
At night (p.15)
How long does it take bugs belonging in the family Reduviidae and subfamily Triatominae to complete development?
5-12 months (p.15)
What life stage and sex of bugs belonging in the family Reduviidae and subfamily Triatominae are blood-feeders?
All 5 nymphal stages and the adults (BOTH sexes) are blood-feeders (p.15)
What can bugs belonging to the family Reduviidae and subfamily Triatominae transmit?
* Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas disease) (p.15)
What are the 2 common routes of Trypanosoma cruzi?
1. Human transmission: as the infected kissing bug feeds on man, it deficates onto an open wound or mucous membrane

2. Dog transmission: dog ingests infected kissing bug-mucous membrane penetration of parasites (p.15)
What order do flies belong to?
Diptera = 2 wings (one pair)
(p.15)
What are the distinguishing characteristics of insects belonging to the order Diptera?
1. One pair of wings (hind pair is reduced to halteres)
2. Complete metamorphosis
3. Longest part of life is larval stage (p.15)
What type of mouth parts can adult flies have?
* Sponging
* Piercing-sucking
* Combination of both (p.16)
What is the term for the piercing-sucking mouthpart of a fly?
Proboscis (p.16)
What order and family do mosquitoes belong to?
Order: Diptera
Family: Culicidae (p.16)
What are the distinguishing characteristics of mosquitoes?
1. Adults are about 1/8 to 1/2 inch long
2. Long segmented antennae
3. Long piercing-sucking moth parts
4. Long legs
5. Wings with scales
(p.16)
All male mosquitoes have what type of antennae?
Plumose antennae (p.16)
What mosquito sex feeds on blood?
only adult FEMALES suck blood (p.16)
What are the 3 important genera of mosquitoes involved in the transmission of disease to man and domestic animal?
* Aedes
* Anopheles
* Culex (p.16)
What genus contains 1/2 of all North American mosquitoes?
* Aedes
(p.16)
When do aedes spp. frequently attack?
In the evening (p.16)
Where do aedes spp. typically deposit their eggs?
Either singly on ground, waterline or slightly above waterline in tree holes or containers (p.16)
What does the aedes spp. transmit?
* West Nile
* Avian Plasmodium
* Dirofilaria immitis (hw)
* A. aegypti – Yellow fever; EEE, WEE, VEE
* A. albopictus – Dengue Fever
(p.17)
When was the 1st confirmed case of West Nile virus in Texas?
June 2002- euthanized horse (p.17)
Where are Anopheles spp. primarily found?
Permanent bodies of water (p.18)
How long does it take the Anopheles spp. to develop from an egg to an adult?
About 3-4 weeks (p.18)
What does the Anopheles spp. transmit?
* West Nile
* Human Plasmodium
(Malaria)
* Dirofilaria immitus (HW)
* VEE virus
(p.18)
What does the Culex spp. transmit?
* West Nile
* Avian Plasmodium
* Dirofilaria immitis (HW)
* EEE, WEE viruses
(p.18)
Where does the Culex spp. lay their eggs?
In “rafts” in high organic matter in water (p.18)
How long does the life cyle of the Culex spp. take?
About 10-14 days (p.18)
What is the primary vector of West Nile virus?
Culex spp. (p.18)
What is the most permanent method of mosquito conrol?
Elimination of standing water (p.18)
What are the common names for the Simulium spp.?
Black fly; Buffalo knat (p.18)
What are the distinguishing characteristics of the Simulium spp.?
1. Small-less than 1/4 inch
2. Stout-bodied
3. Humped-back flies
4. Short tapered antenna with short setae
5. Blade-like piercing mouth-parts (p.18)
What does the Simulium spp. require for breeding?
*Running water*

*high oxygen, low organic material in water(p.19)
What do the females of the Simulium spp. primarily feed on?
* Poultry
* Cattle
* Horses
(Preferentially feed on the ears of livestock and horses)
(p.19)
What do the Simulium spp. transmit?
* Leucocytozoon in birds
* River blindness in humans
* EEE
* Vesicular Stomatitis
(p.19)
What is the only family/genus of black flies that is of veterinary importance?
Family: Simuliidae
Genus: Simulium (p.18)
What is the only family/genus of biting midges that is of veterinary importance?
Family: Certopogonidae
Genus: Culicoides (p.19)
What is the common name of biting midges?
* Punkies
* No-see-ums
(p.19)
What sex of biting midges suck blood?
Females (p.19)
What are the distinguishing characteristics of the Culicoides spp.?
1. Tiny hump-back flies - 1/8 inch or less
2. long beaded antenna with long hairs (setae)
3. Patterned wings
4. Blade-like piercing mouth parts
What arthropod causes allergic dermatitis in horses?
Culicoides spp. (p.19)
What does the Culicoides spp. transmit?
* Blue tongue
* VEE
* Onchocerca in horses
* Haemoproteus in birds
* Chandlerella quiscali in birds (p.19)
When is the Culicoides spp. active?
Evening/Early morning (p.19)
What family do sandflies belong to?
Psychodidae (p.19)
Where do sandflies breed?
Moist dark places, high organic material, rotting vegetation (p.19)
What characteristics do sandflies have?
1. Small- up to 1/4 inch
2. Hairy
3. Slender flies with long antennae (p.19)
When are sandflies actve?
Night (poor fliers)
(p.20)
How long does the life cycle of sandflies take to complete?
At least a month
(p.20)
What are the 2 important genera of sandflies?
1. Phlebotomus spp. -eastern hemisphere
2. Lutzomyia spp. - western hemisphere (USA) (p.20)
What do sandflies transmit?
* Leishmania
* Vesicular Stomatitis
(p.20)
What are premise flies commonly associated with?
Buildup of wet organic matter with nearby domestic animals(p.20)
What types of flies are premise flies?
House and stable flies (p.20)
Where do premise flies lay their eggs?
Rotting organic matter (p.20)
What family do premise flies belong to?
Muscidae (p.20)
How long does the premise life life cycle take to complete?
As little as 7-10 days (p.20)
What is the scientific name for the common house fly?
Musca domestica (p.20)
What are the distinguishing characteristics of Musca domestica?
1. Sponging mouthparts!
2. 1/6-1/4 inch long
3. Non-metallic black and gray striped thorax
4. Yellowish-brown abdomen(p.20)
What does Musca domestica primarily feed on?
Both sexes primarily feed on nasal and eye secretions

(On blood if wound present, and on moisture from fecal material) (p.20)
What does Musca domestica transmit?
* Moraxella bovis
* Enterobacteriacea
* Entamoeba histolytica (amoebic dysentery)
* Taenia (tapeworm)
(p.20)
What is Musca domestica the primary vector of?
*Stomach worms-summer sores and stomach forms of Draschia and Habronema

* Choanotaenia (tapeworm in chickens)
(p.20)
What is the scientific name of the stable fly?
Stomoxys calcitrans (p.21)
How can you tell Stomoxys calcitrans (stable fly) from Musca domestica (house fly)?
Stomoxys calcitrans: Piercing-sucking mouth parts and abdomen is generally shorter/broader

Musca domestica: Sponging mouth parts
* Both flies are similar in size and share similar habitats (p.21)
What are the distinguishing characteristics of Stomoxys calcitrans?
1. Piercing-sucking mouth parts
2. About 1/4 inch long
3. Black and gray striped thorax
4. Checkerboard ventral abdominal markings (p.21)
What does Stomoxys calcitrans feed on?
Both sexes are blood feeders (p.21)
What does Stomoxys calcitrans transmit?
* Stomach worms of horses – Draschia and Habronema
* Choanotaenia
* Equine Infectious Anemia
* Anaplasma marginale
(P.21-22)
What types of flies are considered to be pasture/range flies?
* Horse flies
* Deer flies
* Horn flies
* Face flies
* Keds (p.22)
What family do horse and deer flies belong to?
Tabnidae (p.22)
What are the 2 genera of importance in the family Tabanidae?
*Chrysops (deer fly)

* Tabanus (horse fly) (p.22)
What are the characteristics of horse and deer flies?
* Large robust flies (1/4-2 inches)
* Prominent eyes
* D-shape head
* Short-medium antenna (only 3 true segments) (p.22)
What type of mouth parts do deer and horse flies have?
Adults have both slashing and sponging (p.22)
Which sex of deer and horse flies are blood feeders?
Only adult FEMALES are blood feeders and are intermittent feeders (p.22)
What is unique about the larvae of deer and horse flies?
* Larvae are carniverous

* Most are in aquatic to semi-aquatic habitats (p.22)
When do horse and deer flies feed? What do they feed on?
* Day time feeders-multiple bites occur during one feeding

* Cattle and horses
When are deer and horse flies abundant?
Deer: spring

Horse: summer and fall
(p.22)
What do deer and horse flies transmit?
* Anthrax
* Anaplasmosis
* Equine Infectious Anemia
* Bovine lymphoma
* Trypanosoma theileri in cattle
* Elaeophora schneideri in deer, elk, and sheep
* Hog cholera virus
* Vesicular stomatitis virus (p.22)
What is the scientific name of the horn fly?
Haematobia irritans (p.23)
What family does Haematobia irritans belong to?
Family: Muscidae (p.23)
How do you tell a horn fly from deer/horse flies?
Horn: Only has piercing -sucking mouth parts and are much smaller in size

Deer/Horse: Both piercing-sucking and sponging mouth parts. Large flies (p.23)
Which sex of horn flies are blood suckers?
Both sexes are intermittent blood-suckers (may feed 20-30 times a day)
(p.23)
What is the primary host of horn flies?
Range cattle (one of the most important and economically damaging pests of range cattle)
(p.23)
Where do female horn flies lay their eggs?
FRESH cow manure (p.23)
When are the adult horn flies on the host?
* Both adults on host constantly

* Females only leave to lay eggs (p.23)
What do horn flies transmit?
* Stephanofilaria stilesi – ventral dermatitis of cattle

* S. aureus – common cause of mastitis (p.23)
How are horn flies treated?
* Direct treatment (due to reluctance of adult horn flies to leave the host)
(p.23)
What family do Keds belong to?
Hippoboscidae (p.24)
What makes Keds an unusual fly?
Wingless flies that spend most of their life on the host (p.24)
What are the characteristics of Keds?
* Dorsally flattened
* WIngless
* Reddish-brown
* Piercing-sucking mouthparts
(p.24)
What is the scientific name of the sheep ked?
Melophagus ovinus
(p.24)
What are the distinguishing characteristics of sheep keds?
* WIngless
* Adult body saclike (don't mistake for tick)
* Hairy
* Legs with 2 claws
(p.24)
What sex of sheep keds take blood meals from sheep?
Both sexes take blood meals of sheep (p.24)
What type of larvae do female sheep keds deposit?
Full-grown larvae (p.24)
How long is the life cycle of sheep keds?
* About 1-2+ months (p.25)
What do sheep keds transmit?
* Non-pathogenic Trypanosoma melophagium

* Done by direct contact (wingless) (p.25)
How are populations of sheep keds reduced?
* Shearing sheep
* Organophosphates and Ivermectin treatment (p.25)
What is the scientific name for deer keds?
Lipoptena cervi (p.25)
What are the characteristics of deer keds?
* 1/8 to 3/16 inches long
* Adults have WINGS to search for host and then shed them
* Similar appearance to M. ovis
(p.25)
What do deer keds transmit?
* Do NOT transmit disease

* Anemia can occur (p.25)
What is myiasis?
Infestation of host living tissue by fly larvae (maggots)
(p.25)
Where do flies lay their eggs?
In open wounds of live animals
(p.25)
What are the 2 types of myiasis?
1. Obligate: larva requires a live host to complete it's life cycle

2. Facultative: fly larvae which become parasitic under certain conditions (p.25)
What are the host conditions necessary for facultative dermal myiasis?
1. Necrotic lesions
2. Build up of manure or urine on an animal (diarrhea)
3. Failure of mother nature to properly dry a newborn animal
4. Wet wool or hair which ferments due to bacterial activity (p.25)
What are the 5 families of flies that of veterinary importance due to myiasis?
1. Calliphoridae-blow flies
2. Sacrophagidae- flesh flies
3. Gastrophilidae-bots
4. Cuterebridae- rabbit or rodent bots
5. Oestridae-bots (p.25)
What is the scientific name for the primary screwworm (new world screwworm)?
Cochliomyia hominivorax (p.26)
What family does Cochliomyia hominivorax belong to?
Calliphoridae (p.26)
What type of myiasis is associated with Cochliomyia hominivorax?
Obligate dermal myiasis (p.26)
How was Cochliomyia hominivorax eradicated from the US?
By the use of steralized irradicatedmale flies mating with normal females (p.26)
What are the characteristics of Cochliomyia hominivorax (screwworm)?
* Adults are twice the size of a house fly
* Blue-green (metallic) with 3 black stripes on its back (p.26)
* Mouth parts are reduced
Where do female screwworms lay their eggs? What happens when eggs hatch?
* Eggs deposited in fresh wound
* Eggs hatch, larvae liquefy the tissues as they feed, and the wound continues to enlarge
* Larva drop to ground, burrows in and pupates, adult emerges from pupal case
(p.26-27)
What is often seen in animals with a screwworm infestation?
* Animal often hides away, refuses to eat
* Secondary infections

*** Infestatations can be fatal; death can be as fast as 24 hours (p.27)
How do you diagnose Cochliomyia hominivorax (primary screwworm)?
* Diagnosis relies on larvae ID (3rd stage larvae)

* Larvae have dark pigmented tracheal trunks

* Larvae are oriented within the wound in the same direction with poserior spiracles pointed outwards (like a screw) (p.27)
How can you tell Cochliomyia hominivorax (primary screwworm) from Cochliomyia macellaria (secondary screwworm)?
* Cochliomyia hominivorax: The 3rd larvae stage have dark pigmented tracheal trunks

* Cochliomyia macellaria: The 3rd larvae stage do not have pigmented tracheal trunks
(p.27)
Who do vets call to report a primary screwworm case to?
The State or Federal animal health authorites with suspected cases (p.27)
What other blow flies belonging to the family Calliphoridae are of veterinary importance?
Cochliomyia macellaria [and Calliphora, Lucilia, and Phormia]
(p.27)
What type of myiasis is associated with Cochliomyia macellaria (secondary screwworms)?
Facultative dermal myiasis (larvae feed on dead and necrotic tissue)
(p.27)
What are secondary screwworms such as Cochliomyia macellaria [and Calliphora, Lucilia, and Phormia] often referred as?
Bottle flies (p.27)
What are the characteristics of secondary screwworms such as Cochliomyia macellaria [and Calliphora, Lucilia, and Phormia]?
* Metallic colored
* 1/4-3/8 inches in length
* Adults have sponging mouth parts
* Larvae pale to tan color-lack pigmented tracheal trunks (p.27)
What is the primary host of secondary screwworms such as Cochliomyia macellaria [and Calliphora, Lucilia, and Phormia]?
Sheep (p.27)
Where do secondary screwworms such as Cochliomyia macellaria [and Calliphora, Lucilia, and Phormia] lay their eggs?
Eggs laid in organic matter and wounds (p.27)
How do you diagnose secondary screwworms such as Cochliomyia macellaria [and Calliphora, Lucilia, and Phormia]?
* Odor of maggot infestation is diagnostic

* Larvae pale to tan color-lack pigmented tracheal trunks (p.27)
What are secondary screwworms such as Cochliomyia macellaria [and Calliphora, Lucilia, and Phormia] known to cause in sheep?
* Fly strike/Fleece worm (Lucilia sericata in sheep)

* Pain and debilitation

* Secondary infections
(p.27)
What are arthropods belonging to the family Sarcophagidae commonly referred to as?
* Flesh flies (p.28)
What type of myiasis are flesh flies associated with?
*Facultative/Obligate dermal myiasis
(decaying flesh and excrement are favorites of this fly) (p.28)
What are the characteristics of flesh flies?
* Larger than house fly
* Lack pigmented trunks
* Sponging mouth parts
(p.28)
What is an example of an arthropod belonging to the family Sarcophagidae that is of veterinary importance?
Wohlfahrtia spp. (p.28)
Where does the Wohlfahrtia spp. lay their eggs?
Lays living LARVAE (not eggs!) on small lesions or mucous membranes

*Considerable tissue damage (p.28)
What host species is the Wohlfahrtia spp associated with?
* Young puppies or children wearing soiled diapers (p.28)
How do treat/control the Wohlfahrtia spp.?
* Sanitation- reduce diarrhea, reduce stress and overcrowding
* Remove hair to expose skin/shear sheep and allow to dry
* Local treatment of maggots
* Prevent re-infestation with residual insecticide (p.28)
What are arthropods belonging the family Cuterebridae commonly referred to as?
Rabbit or Rodent Bots (p.28)
What type of myiasis are arthropods belonging the family Cuterebridae associated with?
**Obligate dermal myiasis

(Larvae enter body openings or penetrate skin, migrate subdermally) (p.28)
What host species are arthropods belonging the family Cuterebridae associated with?
*Rabbits or rodents

(Occ. summer ectoparasite in Texas of small mammals) (p.28)
What are the characteristics of arthropods belonging the family Cuterebridae?
**No mouth parts as adults (do not feed as adults)
* Large and hairy adults
* Up to 3/4 inch long (p.28)
Where do arthropods belonging the family Cuterebridae lay their eggs? What happens once eggs hatch?
* Eggs near rodent or rabbit burrows or trails

* Eggs are picked up by passing host

* Larvae can enter body openings or penetrate skin
(p.28)
What is a common sign of host with a Cuterebra spp.?
* A large warble-like swelling with a breathing hole

* Rodents: warble forms near anus or tail

* Kittens/puppies/rabbits: warble forms around head and neck (p.28)
How long does it take Cuterebra spp. larvae to leave the host and pupate?
3-7 weeks (p.28)
How is the Cuterebra spp. removed from the host?
* Careful surgical removal (without rupturing the larva cuticle)

* Minimal aftercare is needed (p.28)
What are the Gasterophilus spp. commonly reffered to as?
Horse bots (p.28)
What are the 3 Gasterophilus species of veterinary importance?
* Gasterophilus intestinalis (Common Horse Bot)

* Gasterophilus nasalis (Chin or Throat Bot)

* Gasterophilus haemorrhoidalis (Nose Bot)
(p.28)
What family does the Gasterophilus spp. belong to?
Gasterophilidae (P.28)
What type of myiasis is the Gasterophilus spp. associated with?
Obligate internal myiasis (p.28)
What are the characteristics of the Gasterophilus spp.?
* Large adults (about 1/2 inch long)
* Adults do not have mouth parts (no feeding)
* Bee-like
* Yellow abdomen
* Short lived (p.29)
Where does the Gasterophilus spp. lay its eggs?
* Eggs laid directly on host (attached to hair)

* Gasterophilus intestinalis: Eggs laid on the forelegs of horses

* Gasterophilus nasalis: Eggs laid on the chin or throat of the horse

* Gasterophilus haemorrhoidalis: Eggs laid on/in the nose of the horse (p.29)
What is the life cycle of the Gasterophilus spp.?
1. Autumn: eggs laid directly on host
2. L1 burrow into the tissues of the host, migrate into alimentary tract of host
3. Winter: L2 attach to preferential areas of the stomach, feed on exudate
4. Spring: L3 detach and pass in feces
5. Larvae burrow into ground and pupate

* Generally one generation per year (p.29)
What is the most common but least import of the 3 Gasterophilus spp.?
Gasterophilus intestinalis (p.29)
How many eggs can be deposited by the female Gasterophilus intestinalis?
Up to 1000 eggs (deposited primarily on the forlegs of horses and donkeys) (p.29)
What do Gasterophilus intestinalis eggs require to hatch?
Eggs require moisture from lips and tongue to hatch, larvae enter mouth when licked
(p.29)
How long are the larvae living within the host?
* Penetrate submucosa of tongue (up to 1 month)

* In non-glandular portion of stomach for 8-10 months then passed in feces (p.29)
What is a common sign of a horse with a Gasterophilus intestinalis infestation?
Lesions of tongue, between cheek teeth, and nonglandular stomach (p.29)
How are Gasterophilus intestinalis identified?
* 3rd stage larvae have a double row of spines on segments

* Found in feces (p.29)
What is the scientific name for the Chin or Throat Bot?
Gasterophilus nasalis(p.30)
Where do the eggs laid by Gasterophilus nasalis attach?
Eggs laid on the chin or throat of the horse (submandibular region) (p.30)
How are Gasterophilus nasalis identified?
* 3rd stage larvae have a single row of spines on segments

* Found in feces (p.30)
What is a sign of active Gasterophilus nasalis around horses?
Horse stands with head over water troughs (p.30)
What is the scientific name for the nose bot?
Gasterophilus haemorrhoidalis(p.30)
Where do the eggs of Gasterophilus haemorrhoidalis attach on the host?
Black eggs laid on/in the nose of the horse (hatch in 2-4 days) (p.30)
When Gasterophilus haemorrhoidalis leaves the stomach where does it go?
Attaches to the anal mucosa for 6 weeks (p.30)
What do the larvae of Gasterophilus haemorrhoidalis have characteristicly?
Double row of spines on segments (p.30)
What is the scientific name for the Sheep Nose Bot?
Oestrus ovis (p.30)
What family does Oestrus ovis belong to?
Osteridae (p.30)
What type of myiasis is Oestrus ovis associated with?
Obligate internal myiasis (p.30)
What is host species of Oestrus ovis?
Sheep!

Occ. goats, rarely on humans or others (p.30)
Where do the female Oestrus ovis lay their eggs?
Deposits LARVAE (not eggs) at nostrils of sheep (p.30)
What do the larvae of Oestrus ovis feed on?
* Larvae ascend to sinus cavities and feed on mucus(1-7 months)

* The larvae are sneezed out, pupate on ground in 4-6 weeks (p.30)
What is a sign of sheep with an Oestrus ovis infestation?
* Sheep lie on ground with nose protected
* Mucopurulent discharge
* Lysis of bone in nasal sinus which can lead to CNS disturbance (p.30)
What pesticide is Oestrus ovis very susceptible to?
Ivermectin (p.30)
What is Hypoderma bovis commonly referred to as?
Northern Cattle Grub; Ox warble (p.30)
What type of myiasis is Hypoderma bovis associated with?
Obligate internal myiasis (p.30)
What is Hypoderma lineatum commonly referred to as?
Common Cattle Grub; Heel fly(p.30)
Where does the Hypoderma spp. lay their eggs?
Eggs laid on the heels of cattle (eggs hatch in about 4 days) (p.31)
What is the life cycle of the Hypoderma spp.?
1. Eggs laid on the heels of cattle
2. L1 enter skin through hair follicles, and migrate through conn. tissue to the esophagus (h.lineatum) or spinal crainal epidural fat (H.bovis) where development occurs for 5 months
3. Larvae migrate to subQ area of back where warble/breathing hole is formed- there for 6 weeks (through 2 larval molts)
4. L3 drop to ground and pupate (p.31)
What order do lice belong to?
Phthiraptera (p.32)
What are the 2 types of lice?
1. Chewing/biting (suborder Amblycera & Ischnocera)

2. Sucking ( suborder Anoplura) (p.32)
When are lice on the host?
Lice spend their WHOLE lives on the host- very host specific

Obligate ectoparasites(p.32)
What are the physical characteristics of lice?
1. Small-med (1/16-1/2 inch long)
2. Wingless
3. Dorso-ventrally flattened
4. Incomplete metamorphosis(p.32)
How long is the general life cycle of lice?
About 3-4 weeks (p.32)
Where does the adult female louse lay her eggs?
Lays oblong eggs (nits) to hair or feathers (glued on) (p.32)
How can you tell chewing/biting lice from sucking lice?
Chewing/biting: Width of head greater than thorax

Sucking: Width of head less than thorax
(p.33)
What are the primary hosts of chewing/biting lice?
Ectoparasites of BIRDS AND MAMMALS, humans transiently (p.33)
What are the physical characteristics of chewing/biting lice?
1. Tarsi: birds-2 claws. mammals-1 claw
2. Antennae on side of head or hidden under head
3. Lack wings and eyes!
4. Mandibles ventrally located
(p.33)
What is the scientific name for the Dog Biting Louse?
Trichodectes canis (p.33)
What family does Trichodectes canis belong to?
Trichodectidae (p.33)
What is the primary host of Trichodectes canis?
Dogs, Coyotes (p.33)
What are the distinguishing characteristics of Trichodectes canis?
1. Broad rounded forhead
2. Three segmented antennae
3. One claw on tarsi (p.33)
Where is Trichodectes canis found on the host?
Head, neck, and tail(p.33)
What can Trichodectes canis serve as intermediate of?
Dipylidium caninum (p.33)(tapeworm)
What is the scientific name for the cat louse?
Felicola subrostratus (p.33)
What is the primary host of Felicola subrostratus?
Cats- usually old or sick (p.33)
What is the only louse found on cats?
Felicola subrostratus (p.33)
What are the distinguishing characteristics of Felicola subrostratus?
1. Triangular head with ventral groove
2. Three segmented antennae
3. One claw on tarsi (p.33)
What species of lice is characterized by dark banding on abdomen and projected antennae?
Bovicola spp. (p.33)
What is the scientific name of the Angora Goat Biting louse?
Bovicola limbatus/ crassipes (p.33)
What is the primary host of Bovicola limbatus/ crassipes?
Goat (may cause damage to mohair) (p.33)
What is the scientific name of the Cattle Biting louse?
Bovicola bovis (p.34)
Where is Bovicola bovis found on cattle?
Shoulders and dorsal midline (p.34)
During what season is Bovicola bovis a concern?
Winter (causes rubbing) (p.34)
What is the only species of biting lice encountered on horses?
Bovicola equi (horse chewing louse, motorized dandruff) (p.34)
What is the scientific name of the dog louse?
Heterodoxus springer (p.34)
What family does Heterodoxus springer belong to?
Boopiidae (p.34)
What is the primary host of Heterodoxus springer?
Dogs and coyotes (p.34)
What are the distinguishing characteristics of Heterodoxus springer?
1. Triangular head with 2 large ventral spines (vampire louse)
2. Antennae hidden
3. Chewing louse (p.34)
What is the scientific name for the fluff louse?
Goniocotes gallinae (p.34)
What is the scientific name for the large chicken louse?
Goniodes gigas (p.34)
What is the scientific name for the large turkey louse?
Chelopistes meleagridis (p.34)
What is the scientific name for the shaft louse?
Menopon gallinae (p.34)
What family does Goniocotes gallinae belong to?
Philopteridae (p.34)
What are the primary hosts of Goniocotes gallinae?
Chickens, pheasants, and pigeons (p.34)
Where are Goniocotes gallinae found on the host?
Fluff at base of feathers (p.34)
What are the primary hosts of Goniocotes gigas?
chickens, guinea fowl (p.34)
Where are Goniocotes gigas found on the host?
body and feathers (p.34)
What are the distinguishing characteristics of Goniodes gigas?
1. Three long setae at margin of temporal lobe
2. Two claws on tarsi (p.34)
What is the louse that is a common parasite of wild and domesticated turkeys?
Chelopistes meleagridis (p.34)
What are the distinguishing characteristics of Chelopistes meleagridis?
1. One long setae at end of temporal lobe
2. Two claws on tarsi (p.34)
Where is Chelopistes meleagridis found on turkeys?
neck and breast feathers (p.34)
What family do Goniocotes gallinae, Goniodes gigas, and Chelopistes meleagridis belong to?
Philopteridae (p.34)
What family does Menopon gallinae and Menacanthus stramineaus belong to?
Menoponidae (p.34)
What are the host species for Menopon gallinae?
Chickens, pigeons, ducks (p.34)
What are the distinguishing characteristics of Menopon gallinae?
1. No spines inder head
2. Less hairy than the body louse
3. Moves about rapidly
4. Lays eggs in clusters
(p.34)
What is the scientific name for the chicken body louse?
Menacanthus stramineaus (p.35)
What are the distinguishing characteristics of Goniodes gigas?
1. Three long setae at margin of temporal lobe
2. Two claws on tarsi (p.34)
What are the primary hosts for Menacanthus stramineaus?
Chickens, turkeys, pheasants, peafowl (p.35)
What is the louse that is a common parasite of wild and domesticated turkeys?
Chelopistes meleagridis (p.34)
Where is Chelopistes meleagridis found on turkeys?
neck and breast feathers (p.34)
What family do Goniocotes gallinae, Goniodes gigas, and Chelopistes meleagridis belong to?
Philopteridae (p.34)
Where is Chelopistes meleagridis found on turkeys?
neck and breast feathers (p.34)
What family does Menopon gallinae and Menacanthus stramineaus belong to?
Menoponidae (p.34)
Where is Chelopistes meleagridis found on turkeys?
neck and breast feathers (p.34)
What are the host species for Menopon gallinae?
Chickens, pigeons, ducks (p.34)
What are the distinguishing characteristics of Goniodes gigas?
1. Three long setae at margin of temporal lobe
2. Two claws on tarsi (p.34)
What family do Goniocotes gallinae, Goniodes gigas, and Chelopistes meleagridis belong to?
Philopteridae (p.34)
What family does Menopon gallinae and Menacanthus stramineaus belong to?
Menoponidae (p.34)
What is the louse that is a common parasite of wild and domesticated turkeys?
Chelopistes meleagridis (p.34)
What are the distinguishing characteristics of Menopon gallinae?
1. No spines under head
2. Less hairy than the body louse
3. Moves about rapidly
4. Lays eggs in clusters
(p.34)
What are the distinguishing characteristics of Chelopistes meleagridis?
1. One long setae at end of temporal lobe
2. Two claws on tarsi (p.34)
What is the scientific name for the chicken body louse?
Menacanthus stramineaus (p.35)
What are the primary hosts for Menacanthus stramineaus?
Chickens, turkeys, pheasants, peafowl (p.35)
What family do Goniocotes gallinae, Goniodes gigas, and Chelopistes meleagridis belong to?
Philopteridae (p.34)
What are the primary hosts for Menacanthus stramineaus?
Chickens, turkeys, pheasants, peafowl (p.35)
What family does Menopon gallinae and Menacanthus stramineaus belong to?
Menoponidae (p.34)
What are the host species for Menopon gallinae?
Chickens, pigeons, ducks (p.34)
What are the distinguishing characteristics of Menopon gallinae?
1. No spines under head
2. Less hairy than the body louse
3. Moves about rapidly
4. Lays eggs in clusters
(p.34)
What is the scientific name for the chicken body louse?
Menacanthus stramineaus (p.35)
What are the primary hosts for Menacanthus stramineaus?
Chickens, turkeys, pheasants, peafowl (p.35)
What are the characteristics of Menacanthus stramineaus?
1. two short spines on underside of head
2. Yellow color
3. Found in areas of the body not heavily feathered
4. Eggs have filaments on anterior shell (p.35)
What life stage of birds is Menacanthus stramineaus pathogenic to?
Young birds (p.35)
What are the 2 chewing lice that are parasitic to guinea pigs?
1. Gliricola porcelli
2. Gyropus ovalis (p.35)
What suborder to sucking lice belong to?
Anoplura (p.35)
What do sucking lice feed on?
Tissue fluids and blood (p.35)
What are the physical characteristics of sucking lice?
1. Width of head narrower than thorax
2. Small thorax, large abdomen
3. Legs robust
4. Eyes are absent or reduced
5. Tarsus have 1 claw (p.35)
What is the common name for Haematopinus asini?
Horse Sucking Louse (p.35)
What is the common name for Haematopinus suis?
Hog Louse (p.35)
What is the common name for Haematopinus eurysternus?
Short-nosed Cattle Louse (p.35)
What is the common name for Haematopinus quadripertusus?
Cattle tail Louse (p.36)
What is the common name for Linognathus vituli?
Long-nosed Cattle Louse (p.36)
What is the common name for Solenoptes capillaus?
Little Blue Louse(p.36)
What family do Haematopinus asini, Haematopinus suis, Haematopinus eurysternus,and Haematopinus quadripertusus belong to?
Haematopinindae (p.35)
Where is Haematopinus asini found on horses?
head, neck, back, inner thigh (p.35)
During what season can horses become infested with Haematopinus asini?
Winter (p.35)
During what season can horses become infested with Haematopinus asini?
Winter (p.35)
What are the distinguishing characteristics of Haematopinus asini?
1. Eyes absent
2. Ocular tubercles present
3. Large louse up to 6mm (p.35)
What are the distinguishing characteristics of Haematopinus asini?
1. Eyes absent
2. Ocular tubercles present
3. Large louse up to 6mm (p.35)
What does Haematopinus suis transmit?
Mycoplasma haemosuis (p.35)
What does Haematopinus suis transmit?
Mycoplasma haemosuis (p.35)
During what season can pigs become infested with Haematopinus suis?
Winter (p.35)
What are the signs of a pig with a Haematopinus suis infestation?
* Rubbing against fences, feeders, etc.which leads to skin damage and hair loss (p.35)
During what season can horses become infested with Haematopinus asini?
Winter (p.35)
What are the distinguishing characteristics of Haematopinus asini?
1. Eyes absent
2. Ocular tubercles present
3. Large louse up to 6mm (p.35)
What is the primary host of Haematopinus eurysternus?
Cattle in temperate parts of the world (p.35)
Where is Haematopinus quadripertusus found on cattle?
Tail switch and eye lashes (p.36)
What is the primary host of Haematopinus eurysternus?
Cattle in temperate parts of the world (p.35)
What does Haematopinus suis transmit?
Mycoplasma haemosuis (p.35)
What are the distinguishing characteristics of Haematopinus quadripertusus?
1. tropical parasite
2. Ocular tubercles present
3, First set of claws are small (p.36)
What are the distinguishing characteristics of Haematopinus quadripertusus?
1. tropical parasite
2. Ocular tubercles present
3, First set of claws are small (p.36)
Where is Haematopinus asini found on horses?
head, neck, back, inner thigh (p.35)
During what season can pigs become infested with Haematopinus suis?
Winter (p.35)
What are the signs of a pig with a Haematopinus suis infestation?
* Rubbing against fences, feederts, etc.which leads to skin damage and hair loss (p.35)
What is the primary host of Haematopinus eurysternus?
Cattle in temperate parts of the world (p.35)
Where is Haematopinus quadripertusus found on cattle?
Tail switch and eye lashes (p.36)
What are the distinguishing characteristics of Haematopinus quadripertusus?
1. tropical parasite
2. Ocular tubercles present
3, First set of claws are small (p.36)
What is the general characteristic of lice belonging to the family Linogonathidae?
No eyes or ocular tubercles (sucking lice) (p.36)
What is the primary host of Linognathus vituli?
Cattle (p.36)
What is the primary host of Linognathus setosus?
Dogs and foxes (p.36)
What is the primary host of Solenoptes capillaus?
Cattle (p.36)
Why is Solenoptes capillaus called the little blue louse?
Blue when engorged (p.36)
Where Solenoptes capillaus found on cattle?
Face and body (p.36)
What is the sucking lice that are seen in rats?
Polypax spinulosa (p.36)
What is the sucking lice that are seen in mice?
polypax serrata (p.36)
What is the sucking lice that are seen in primates?
Pedicinus spp. (p.36)
What are the human lice?
Pediculus and Phthirus spp. (p.36)
What is unique about human lice?
* Can only propagate on humans
* Have eyes (p.36)
What are the 2 sub populations of Pediculus humanus (human lice)?
1. P.h. capitus (head lice)
2. P.h. humanus (body lice)

* Morphologically indistinguishable but biologically distince (p.37)
What are the characteristics of Pediculus humanus?
1. Short head and neck
2. Well developed eyes***
3. Long abdomen
4. Equal leg size
5. Slender tarsal claws (p.37)
Where does P.h. capitus attach?
Attaches eggs to hairs on head and other body parts (p.37)
Where does P.h. humanus attach?
Eggs attached to clothing (p.37)
What does P.h. humanus transmit?
* Epidemic typhus
* Rickettsia prowazekii
* Trench fever
* Bartonella quintana (p.37)
What is the human pubic louse (crab louse)?
Pthirus pubis (p.37)
What are the characteristics of Pthirus pubis?
1. Short head and no neck
2. Well devolped eyes
3. Wide thorax and short broad abdomen
4. Stout mid and hind legs with large claws
5. Lobes with setae (hairs) on abdominal segments(p.37)
Where is Pthirus pubis found on humans?
Pubic or facial hair (p.37)
What are the characteristics of an arthropod in the class Arachnida?
1. Arthropods with 4 pairs of legs (adults and nymphs)
2. Larvae have 3 pairs of legs(p.38)
What are the three orders that belong to the class Arachnida?
1. Scorpionida (scorpions)
2. Araneida (spiders)
3. Acarina (Mites and ticks)
(p.38)
What are the characteristics of an arthropod in the order Scorpionida?
1. Large pedipalps with pinchers
2. Abdomen elongate
3. Spine and poison gland on tip
4. Curved up and over thorax
(p.38)
What are the characteristics of an arthropod in the order Araneida?
1. Cephalothorax joined to abdomen by narrow waist
2. Chelicera have poison glands
3. Some species may cause envenomation of humans and other animals (p.38)
What are the characteristics of an arthropod in the order Acarina?
1. Head, thorax, and abdomen combined into two sections, an anterior gnathosoma (capitulum) and posterior idiosoma (sac like body)
2. No antennae
3. Mouth parts consist of palps, chelicera, and hypostome (p.38)
What are the general characteristics of mites?
1. Microscopic
2. Moth parts anterior
3. No scutum
4. No basis capitulum (p.38)
Where are mites generally found?
* Body surface
* Clapsing hairs or feathers
* Burrowing under skin/scales
* Hair follicles
* Ear canal
* Nasal cavity (p.38)
What is the general life cycle of a mite?
1. Egg
2. Larvae
3. Protonmorph
4. Deutonmyph
5. Adult

* Most spend entire life cycle on host (p.39)
How long is the general life cycle of a mite?
Egg to egg approx. 3 weeks (p.39)
What type of lesions are associated with the mite family Sarcoptidae?
* Deep burrowing in skin, tunnels in dermis

* Prurtitis, thickend skin with cracks and secondary infections, alopecia(p.39)
What type of lesions are associated with the mite family Psoroptidae?
* Surface feeding, abrade skin to allow serum to ooze to surface (p.39)

* Mites under scab formed by dermal damage, prurtitis (p.39)
What type of lesions are associated with the mite family Cheyletiellidae?
* Dry and moist dermatitis with scaling on dorsum of host

* Lesions may be circular

* Mites on surface
(p.39)
What type of lesions are associated with the mite family Trombiculidae?
* Discrete small red lesions

* Mites often leave before dermatitis begins (p.39)
What type of lesions are associated with the mite family Demodicidae?
* Mites live in hair follicles

* Areas of alopecia, change in skin color, nodules, secondary bacterial infections (p.39)
What is a stigmata?
Breathing pore (p.40)
What are the characteristics of mites belonging to the suborder mesostigmata?
1. Stigmata between 3rd and 4th coxae
2. Coxae close together in anterior
3. Tarsi have claws
4. Ventrum with plates (p.40)
What suborder and family do Dermanyssus gallinae, Ornithonyssys sylvarium, Ornithonyssys bursa, Ornithonyssys bacoti, Pneumonyssoides canium, Raillietia auris, and Ophionyssus natricis belong to?
Suborder: Mesostigmata

Family: Dermanyssidae
(p.40)
What is the scientific name for the Red chicken mite
Dermanyssus gallinae(p.40)
What is the scientific name for the Northern Fowl mite?
Ornithonyssys sylvarium (p.40)
What is the scientific name for the Tropical Fowl mite ?
Ornithonyssys bursa (p.40)
What is the scientific name for the Tropical Rat mite?
Ornithonyssys bacoti (p.40)
What is the scientific name for the Nasal mite?
Pneumonyssoides canium(p.41)
What is the scientific name for the Cattle ear mite?
Raillietia auris(p.41)
What is the primary host of Dermanyssus gallinae?
domesticated and wild birds, possibly man (p.40)
When is Dermanyssus gallinae active?
* Feeds on host at night

* Hides in nest/cracks during daytime (unusual for mites)(p.40)
What does Dermanyssus gallinae transmit?
Borrelia anserina to poultry (p.40)
What happens to Dermanyssus gallinae after they feed?
Blood feeder (will turn red in color)(p.40)
How long is the life cycle of Dermanyssus gallinae?
10 days – populations build rapidly (p.40)
What is the primary host of Ornithonyssys sylvarium?
Birds in temperate areas(p.40)
Where is Ornithonyssys sylvarium primarily found on birds?
Around vent (p.40)
What are the clinical signs of a bird with a Ornithonyssys sylvarium infestation?
* Matted feathers
* Grey scabby skin around vent
(p.40)
How long is the life cycle of Ornithonyssys sylvarium?
5-7 days (p.40)
What is the primary host of Ornithonyssys bursa?
Birds in tropical areas (p.40)
Where is Ornithonyssys bursa found on birds?
Vent, eyes, and beak (p.40)
How long can Ornithonyssys bursa live off the host?
10 days(p.40)
What is the primary host of Ornithonyssys bacoti?
Man and rats (p.40)
Where does Ornithonyssys bacoti breed?
In nest(p.40)
How long is the life cycle of Ornithonyssys bacoti?
11-16 days (p.40)
What does Ornithonyssys bacoti transmit?
* Rickettsia typhi (typhus)
* R. akari (rickettsialpox)
* Coxiella burnetii (Q-fever to humans)
* Spirochetosis (Borella anserina) to poultry (p.40)
What is the primary host of Pneumonyssoides canium?
Dogs (p.41)
Where is Pneumonyssoides canium found on dogs?
May be normal inhabitant of nasal cavity, rarely trachea/lungs (p.41)
What are the clinical signs of a dog with a Pneumonyssoides canium infestation?
* Reddened nasal mucosa with increased mucus production
* Sneezing
* Rubbing nose
* Shaking head (p.41)
How is Pneumonyssoides canium treated?
Ivermectin and mibemycin are effective (p.41)
How is Pneumonyssoides canium diagnosed?
* Yellowish mites seen in nasal cavity using otoscope/microscope (p.41)
What is the primary host of Raillietia auris?
Cattle (p.41)
Where is Raillietia auris found in cattle?
Deep ear canal; middle in in calves (p.41)
What is the primary host of Ophionyssus natricis?
captive reptiles (p.41)
Where is Ophionyssus natricis found on reptiles?
under scales, under mouth and eyes (p.41)
What does Ophionyssus natricis transmit?
* Mouth rot (Aeromonas hydrophyla) (p.41)
What family and suborder do chiggers belong to?
Suborder: Prostigmata

Family: Trombiculidae (p. 41)
What are the characteristics of chiggers?
* Yellow to red in color
* 3 PAIRS OF LEGS (larvae)
* Often body and legs are hairy
* Nymphs and adults are free living (p. 41)
How long do chiggers feed on blood?
Feed on blood only for a few hours; puritus persists for days (p. 41)
What suborder and family do Demodex canis, D. folliculorum, D. phylloides, and D. equi, ovis, bovis, caprae, cati, gati belong to?
Suborder: Prostigmata
Family: Demodicidae (p.42)
What is the primary host for Demodex canis?
Dog (p.42)
What is the primary host for Demodex folliculorum?
Human (p.42)
What is the primary host for Demodex phylloides ?
Swine (p.42)
What is the primary host for Demodex equi?
Horse (p.42)
What is the primary host for Demodex cati and gati?
Cat (p.42)
What is the length of the demodex life cycle?
18-24 days (entirely on host) (p.42)
How is demodex canis transmitted?
* Via direct contact

* Present in virtually all dogs
* Associated with inadequate cell-mediated immune response or concomitant disease (p.42)
What are the 3 disease forms of canine demodex?
1. Localized: hair follicles and sebaceous glands; head and forelegs of young dogs

2. Genarlized: coalescing large areas of the body

3. Pododemodicosis: chronic infection of feet (p.42)
When does demodex disease occur in dogs?
* 3-9 months of age

* Adult onset very rare (p.43)
What is the common name of mites belonging to the family Cheyletiellidae?
Walking dandruff (p.43)
What is the primary host of Cheyletiella yasguri?
Dog (p.43)
What is the primary host of Cheyletiella parasitivorax?
Rabbit (p.43)
What is the primary host of Cheyletiella blakei?
Cat (p.43)
What are the 2 types of lesions produced by mites belonging to the family Cheyletiellidae?
1. Exfoliative:
- usually begins on dorsal midline
- looks like bad case of dandruff

2. Crustose:
- multiple circular lesions on the trunk of the body
- appears similar to ringworm
(p.44)
Where are mites belonging to the family Cheyletiellidae commonly found?
* Commonly found areas of lots of puppies

* Mites can be free living (THUS MAY NEED TO TREAT ENVIRONMENT (p.44)
What are the characteristics of mites belonging to the suborder Astigmata?
**** No stigmata
* Coxae 1/2 widely separated from 3/4
* No ventral plates
* Most have tarsi with suckers (p.44)
What family and suborder do Sarcoptes scabiei, Notoedres cati, Knemidocoptes mutans, and Knemidocoptes pilae belong to?
Suborder: Astigmata
Family: Sarcoptidae
(p.44)
What is common name for Sarcoptes scabiei?
Sarcoptic mange, scabies (p.44)
What hosts does Sarcoptes scabiei affect?
Dog, Man, Horse, Cattle, Camels, Llamas, Swine, Rabbits, Foxes, Sheep, and Goats (all have separate races or strains) (p.44)
How long is the life cycle of Sarcoptes scabiei?
3 weeks (p.44)
What is the life cycle of Sarcoptes scabiei?
1. Egg
2. Larvae
3. Protonmorph
4. Deutonymph
5. Adult (p.44)
How can you identify Sarcoptes scabiei?
1. Round mites
2. Only legs 1/2 (long unsegmented bell stalks) extend beyond body margin
3. Legs 3/4 very short
4. Terminal anus
5. Triangular shaped spines on dorsal surface (p.44)
4.
What are the clinical signs of sarcoptic mange?
* Intense burning purtitis
* Rubbing/scratching
* Skin becomes thickened, dried, and cracked
* Scab formation
* Extensive alopecia (p.45)
In what species is sarcoptic mange reportable?
Cattle (p.45)
What lice causes cat scabies?
Notoedres cati (p.46)
What is the primary host of Notoedres cati?
Cats mainly; occasionally rabbits (p.46)
What is the physical difference between Notoedres cati and Sarcoptes scabiei?
Notoedres cati: Anus dorsal

Sarcoptes scabiei: Anus terminal (p.46)
What is the common name for Knemidocoptes mutans?
Scaly Leg Mite (p.46)
What is the primary host of Knemidocoptes mutans?
Turkeys and Chickens (p.46)
Where is Knemidocoptes mutans found on birds?
Skin of feet and legs (p.46)
What are the clinical signs of a bird with Knemidocoptes mutans?
Deformation to feet; crippling; scab formation (p.46)
How can you identify Knemidocoptes mutans?
1. Round mite
2. Four pairs of very short legs
3. No tarsal suckers (p.46)
What is the primary host of Knemidocoptes pilae?
Budgies (p.46)
Where is Knemidocoptes pilae found on budgies?
base of beak (cere) and legs (p.46)
What are the clinical signs of a budgie with Knemidocoptes pilae?
* Scaly area proliferation of cere
* Scaly legs
* Malformed beak(p.46)
How can you identify Knemidocoptes pilae?
1. Round mite
2. Four pairs of short legs
3. No tarsal suckers (p.46)
What family and suborder does Psoroptes ovis belong to?
Suborder: Astigmata
Family: Psoroptidae
(p.46)
What are the common names for Psoroptes ovis?
Sheep scab mite; Cattle scab mite (p.46)
Where is Psoroptes ovis found on cattle and sheep?
Initially along dorsum, moves ventrally (p.46)
What does Psoroptes ovis feed on?
Feed on skin and lymph exudate (p.46)
When is Psoroptes ovis commonly seen?
Cool season (jan-march) parasite when hair is long enough to prevent self grooming (p.46)
In what species is Psoroptes ovis a quarantinable infection?
Cattle (p.46)
How long is the life cycle of Psoroptes Ovis?
11 days with increased egg production in winter (p.47)
How can you ID Psoroptes Ovis?
1. Oval body
2. At least 3 pair of legs extending beyond body margin
3. Tarsal suckers on jointed stalks (p.47)
What clinical signs are seen in animals with a Psoroptes Ovis infestation?
Feedlot problem in western states; hairloss; scab formation; death (p.47)
What is the scientfic name of the Ear canker mite?
Psoroptes cuniculi (p.47)
What is the primary host of Psoroptes cuniculi?
**Rabbit**, goats, horses (p.47)
Where is Psoroptes cuniculi found on rabbits?
Ear canal (p.47)
What are the clinical signs of an animal with Psoroptes cuniculi?
* Honeycomb like exudates may fill ear canal in rabbits
* Crusty scab formation in ear canl
* Extreme head sensitivity and malodor in ears in horses
* White specks may be seen moving in brown exudate
(p.47)
What is the scientfic name of the Foot mange mite?
Chorioptes bovis (p.47)
What is the primary host of Chorioptes bovis?
cattle, horses, goats, sheep(p.47)
What does Chorioptes bovis cause in draft horses?
Foot stomping and greasy heel (p.47)
How can you ID Chorioptes bovis?
1. Oval mite
2. Short mouth parts
3. Tarsal suckers on short bell stalk (p.47)
4. Feed on skin, do NOT burrow
What is the common ear mite of dogs, cats, and other carnivores?
Otodectes cynotis (p.47)
How can you ID Otodectes cynotis?
1. Oval mite
2. Tarsal suckers on short bell stalk
3. White mite on surface of ear canal (p.47)
Where is the perferred are of Otodectes cynotis in cats?
* Tip of tail

** Pathogen of ears but can live for long periods of time on other body parts (p.47)
What are the clinical signs of Otodectes cynotis?
* Brown waxy exudate in ear canal
* Head shaking
* Purtitis
* Ear scratching
* Painful ears
* Ear droop (p.48)
What is unique about mites belonging to the superfamily Listrophoroidea?
* Hair clasping astimatid mites (one or more of the legs are modified to clasp hairs) (p.48)
What is the common name of Lynxacarus radovskyi?
Cat fur mite (p.48)
What is the primary host of Lynxacarus radovskyi?
Cat (p.48)
Where is Lynxacarus radovskyi found on cats?
Tail, perineal area; entire body (p.48)
What are the clinical signs of a cat with Lynxacarus radovskyi?
* Scruffy or granular hair coat; “sand-like”
* Prurtitis
* Excessive grooming (p.48)
How can you ID Lynxacarus radovskyi?
1. Body is ellipsoidal
2. Laterally flattened
(p.48) (p.49)
What are 4 tick development stages?
1. Egg
2. Larva
3. Nymph
4. Adult (p.49)
What is the difference in the number of nymphal stages between soft and hard ticks?
Hard: 1 nymphal stage

Soft: Multiple nymphal stages(p.49)
What family do hard ticks belong to?
Ixodidae (p.49)
What are the general characteristics of hard ticks?
1. Mouth parts anterior and attached to a basis capitulum
2. Palps are 3 segmented
3. Hypostome (ventral) is barbed
4. Scutum: hard shield posterior to the basis capitulum (p.49)
What is the difference between the scutum in male and female hard ticks?
Males: scutum covers almost entire dorsal surface

Females: sctutum covers only the anterior portion of the idiosoma (p.49)
What is the life cycle of a hard tick?
1. Egg
2. Larva (6 legs)
3. Nymph (6 legs)
4. Adult (8 legs)
(p.49)
What is a one host tick?
1. Larva climbs onto host and begins feeding
2. Remains on host through all molts/development
3. Fully engorged female drops off host to deposit eggs on ground

* Generally possess a multivoltine life cycle (>1 generation per year) (p.49)
What is a three host tick?
1. Larva climbs onto host and begins feeding
2. After engorgement it drops off host to ground to molt to nymph
3. Nymph finds new host
4. After engorgement it drops off host to ground to molt to adult
5. Adult finds new host
6. Fully engorged female drops off host to deposit eggs on ground

** Generally possess a univoltine life cycle (1 generation per year)
What are the general characterisitcs of a Amblyomma hard tick?
1. Ornate, festoons
2. Long mouth parts
3. Four sided basis cpitulum
(p.50)
What is the scientific name for the Lone Star tick?
Amblyomma americanus
(p.50)
What type of tick is Amblyomma americanus?
Hard tick - 3 host tick
(p.50)
What are the host species of Amblyomma americanus?
* Larvae: birds, rodents

* Nymphs: birds, rodents, cattle, wt deer, reptiles/amphi

* Adults: Cattle, man, horses, sheep, dogs, cats, deer

(p.50)
When is Amblyomma americanus active?
At temps > 50
(p.50)
Where is Amblyomma americanus found on its host?
Feed all over body (eyes, dewlap, udder, axillary region, perineal region) (p.50)
What is difference between male and female Amblyomma americanus?
Single white spot on scutum of female (p.51)
What are the 2 big problems caused by Amblyomma americanus?
1. Tick worry: excessive grooming, swelling near eyes, anorexia

2. Tick paralysis: ascending paralysis when engorging female attaches on head or near spinal column(p.51)
What does Amblyomma americanus transmit?
* Theleria cervi

* Ehrlichia ewingi (Canine granulocytic ehlichiosis)

*Borrelia (spirochete, lyme-like disease)

* Franciscella tularensis

* Ehrlichia chaffeensis (human monocytic ehrlichiosis)
(p.51)
What is responsible for killing 50% of fawn crop in Oklahoma?
Amblyomma americanus (p.51)
What tick is known as the Tropical Bont Tick?
Amblyomma varigatum (p.51)
What type of tick is Amblyomma varigatum?
Hard tick - 3 host tick (p.51)
What are the host species of Amblyomma varigatum?
Immature: Birds
Adults: Cattle, ruminants (p.51)
What problem is associated with Amblyomma varigatum?
1. Tick worry
(p.51)
What does Amblyomma varigatum transmit?
* Ehrlichia ruminantium - (heartwater in ruminants)

* Dermatophilus congolensis (fungus) - lumpy wool
(p.51)
Where is Amblyomma varigatum commonly found?
* Africa, S. America, Caribbean

*** Moving into US after recent hurricanes(p.51)
What tick is known as the Cayenne Tick?
Amblyomma cajennese (p.51)
What type of tick is Amblyomma cajennese?
Hard tick - 3 host tick (p.51)
What are the host species of Amblyomma cajennese?
* Immature: Birds, coyotes, raccoons, man

* Adults: Horses, cattle, swine
Deer, sheep, goats,
Javelina, dogs, man
(p.51)
What problems are associated with Amblyomma cajennese?
* Painful bites!
* Tick worry (p.51)
What does Amblyomma cajennese tansmit?
Ehrlichia ruminatium
(heartwater)
(p.51)
How can you ID Amblyomma cajennese?
1. Long mouth parts
2. Ornate scutum
3. Internal spur of coxie I about 1/2 length of external spur
4. No spurs on distal end of next to last segment on legs 2,3,&4 (p.51)
What tick is known as the gulf coast tick?
Amblyomma maculatum
(p.52)
What type of tick is Amblyomma maculatum?
hard tick- 3 host
(p.52)
What are the primary hosts of Amblyomma maculatum?
* Larvae: quail, meadow larks, grasshopper sparrows (Dec-Feb)

* Nymphs: birds (Feb-Apr), smaller mammals

* Adults: Large animals-cattle, horses, deer (Aug-Sept)
(p.52)
What does Amblyomma maculatum feed on?
Pinna of ear
(p.52)
What problems does Amblyomma maculatum cause?
* Gotch ear
* Wounds for screwworms
* Extreme pain associated with bite (one tick bite will make a horse head shy)
* Tick worry
(p.52)
What does Amblyomma maculatum transmit?
* Ehlichia ruminantium
* Hepatozoon americanum

(p.52)
How can you ID Amblyomma maculatum?
1. Long mouth parts
2. Ornate scutum
3. Internal spur of coxie I very short
4. Short spurs on distal end of next to last segment on legs 2,3,&4 (p.52)
How can you treat Amblyomma maculatum?
Pyrethroid ear tags (p.52)
What are the general characteristics of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) ticks?
1. One host hard ticks
2. Short mouth parts, palps are ridged dorsally and laterally
3. Inornate
4. Basis capitulum is hexagonal (6 sides)
5. Reduced spurs on coxa 1
6. No festoons (p.52)
What tick is known as the cattle fever tick?
Boophilus annulatus (p.52)
WHat type of tick is Boophilus annulatus?
Hard tick - one host (p.52)
How long is the parasitic period of Boophilus annulatus?
+/- 21 days (p.52)
What is the primary host of Boophilus annulatus?
Cattle (p.52)
What does Boophilus annulatus transmit?
* Babesia bigemina (Texas Cattle Fever) (p.52)
What tick is known as the tropical cattle tick?
Boophilus microplus (p.53)
WHat type of tick is Boophilus microplus?
Hard tick - one host (p.53)
How long is the parasitic period of Boophilus microplus?
21 days (p.53)
What is the primary host of Boophilus microplus?
Cattle (p.53)
What are the general characteristics of Rhipicephalus ticks?
1. Inornate
2. Short mouth parts
3. Basis capitulum hexagonal
4. Pair or large spurs on Coxa 1
5. Festoons
What is the common name of Rhipicephalus sanguineus?
Brown Dog Tick (p.53)
What type of tick is Rhipicephalus sanguineus?
Hard tick- 3 host tick (p.53)
What is the primary host of Rhipicephalus sanguineus?
Dogs- all three stages (p.53)
What does Rhipicephalus sanguineus transmit?
* Babesia canis
* Babesia gibsoni
* Ehrlichia canis
(p.53)
What are the general characteristics of Dermacentor ticks?
1. Most have ornate scutum
2. Short mouth parts
3. Rectangular basis capitulum
4. Coxae on males gets progressively larger from coxa I to IV
5. Festoons (p.53)
What is the common name for Dermacentor albipictus?
Winter tick (p.53)
What kind of tick is Dermacentor albipictus?
Hard tick - one host (p.53)
What are the primary hosts of Dermacentor albipictus?
Cattle, deer, horses (p.53)
How can you ID Dermacentor albipictus?
1. Inornate (brown scutum) in southern areas, Ornate (white scutum) in northern areas
2. Short Mouth parts
3. Four sided basis capitulum
4. 11 festoons
(p.54)
What problems are associated with Dermacentor albipiticus?
* Tick worry
* Hair loss
* Ghost or phantom moose in Canada
* Tick paralysis (p.54)
What does Dermacentor albipiticus transmit?
* Anaplasma marginale
* Babesia caballi (p.54)
What is the common name for Dermacentor andersoni?
Rocky Mountain Wood tick (p.54)
What type of tick is Dermacentor andersoni?
Hard tick - 3 host (p.54)
What are the primary hosts of Dermacentor andersoni?
* Immatures: small mammals

* Adults: Deer, cattle, horses, man
How can you ID Dermacentor andersoni?
1. Ornate scutum
2. Short mouth parts
3. Four sided basis capitulum
4. 11 festoons (p.54)
What are problems associated with Dermacentor andersoni?
* Tick paralysis
* Tick worry
* Colorado Tick fever
(p.54)
What can Dermacentor andersoni transmit?
* Rickettsia rickettsi
(Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever to man and dogs)

* Anaplasma marginale
(rickettsia of cattle)
(p.54)
What tick is the most common vector of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?
Dermacentor variabilis (p.54)
What is the common name of Dermacentor variabilis?
American Dog tick (p.54)
What type of tick is Dermacentor variabilis?
Hard tick- 3 host tick (p.54)
What are the primary hosts of Dermacentor variabilis?
* Immature: Small mammals
* Dogs, wild cats, man, and young large animals
(p.54)
How can you ID Dermacentor variabilis?
1. Ornate scutum
2. Short mouth parts
3. 4 sided basis capitulum
4. 11 festoons (p.54)
What problems does Dermacentor variabilis cause?
****Most common vector of Rickettsia rickettsi
(Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever)
* Cytauxzoon felis
(cats)
* Theileria equi
(horses)
* Babesia caballi
(horses)
(p.54)
What is the common name of Dermacentor occidentalis?
Pacific Coast tick (p.55)
What type of tick is Dermacentor occidentalis?
Hard tick- 3 host tick (p.55)
What is the primary host of Dermacentor occidentalis?
Horses and cattle (p.55)
Where is Dermacentor occidentalis found?
Pacific coast (p.55)
WHat problems can Dermacentor occidentalis cause?
Tick paralysis (p.55)
What can Dermacentor occidentalis transmit?
Anaplasma marginale
- rickettsia in ruminants
(p.55)
What are the general characteristics of Ixodes ticks?
1. Inornate scutum
2. Long mouth parts
3. Palps broadest at 2nd segment
4. Segments 2/3 almost equal
5. Four sided basis capitulum
6. Anal groove in front of anus and extends to posterior
7. No festoons (p.55)
WHhat is the common name of Ixodes scapularis?
Black legged tick (p.56)
What type of tick is Ixodes scapularis?
Hard tick - 3 host(p.56)
How long does the life cycle of Ixodes scapularis take to complete?
2 years (p.56)
What are the primary hosts of Ixodes scapularis?
* Immature: Birds, lizards, small mammals, and humans

* Adult: Deer, cattle, sheep, horses (p.56)
What problems does Ixodes scapularis cause?
* Tick worry (p.56)
What is the primary vector of Lyme disease (Borellia bergdorferi)?
Ixodes scapularis (p.56)
What does Ixodes scapularis transmit?
* Borellia bergdorferi
(Lyme disease)
* Babesia odocoilei
* Babesiosis in deer
* Anaplasma phagocytophila
(tick borne fever, humans and livestock)
(p.56)
What is the vector of Lyme disease on the Pacific Coast?
Ixodes pacificus (p.56)
What is the common name of Ixodes pacificus?
Western Blacklegged tick (p.56)
What are the general characteristics of Haemapjysalis ticks?
1. Inornate
2. SHort mouth parts
3. Basis capitulum 4 sided
4. Three host tick
(p.56)
What is the common name for Haemaphysalis leporispalustrus?
Rabbit Tick(P.57)
What type of tick is Haemaphysalis leporispalustrus?
Hard tick -3 host (P.57)
What are the primary hosts of Haemaphysalis leporispalustrus?
* Immature: Small rodents and birds

* Adults: Rabbits and cats(P.57)
What can Haemaphysalis leporispalustrus transmit?
* Franciscella tularensis (tularaemia in rabbits)

* Rickettsia rickettsi (Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever in rabbits
(P.57)
Where is Haemaphysalis leporispalustrus found on the host?
Around eyes and ears (P.57)
What family do soft ticks belong to?
Argasidae (P.57)
What are the general characteristics of soft ticks?
1. Ventral mouth parts near anterior end
2. NO SCUTUM
3. Body surface is usually spiny, knobby or pitted (not smooth)
4. Intermittent feeders
5. Numerous nymphal stages
(P.57)
What is the soft tick life cycle?
1. Egg
2. Larva
3. Muliple nymphal stages
4. Adult

* Leave host after feeding
* Adults feed numeroud times without molting
* Female needs a blood meal before laying egg batch
(P.57)
What are the genera of soft ticks?
1. Otobius
2. Argus
3. Orinthodorus
(P.57)
What is the common name for Otobius megnini?
Spinose Ear tick (p.57)
What type of tick is Otobius megnini?
Soft tick- One host (p.57)
What is the primary host of Otobius megnini?
Cattle, horses, dogs, cats, sheep, etc. (p.57)
What are the clinical signs of an animal with Otobius megnini?
* Constant shaking of head
* Head tilt
* Otitis externa
* Otitis media
* Possibly muscle twitching and colic in horses if extremely infested(p.57)
What life stages of Otobius megnini are parasitic?
Only larval and nymphal stages are parasitic (p.57)
Where is Otobius megnini found on the host?
Only tick found deep in the ear canal (larvae and nymphs) (p.57)
How can you ID Otobius megnini?
1. No scutum
2. Mouth parts may be partially seen dorsally in larval and nymphal stages

Larvae: Small pale pear sheped body, 3 pairs on tiny slender legs at anterior

Nymphs: Pale (early stage) to dark (late stage), thick spider like body, covered in spines, four pairs of stout legs (p.58)
What tick is known as the blue bug?
Argas persicus (p.58)
What type of tick is Argas persicus?
Soft tick-One host (p.58)
WHat are the primary hosts of Argas persicus?
Chickens and poultry (Feeds only on bird at night, a few at a time) (p.58)
How do you treat for Argas persicus?
Must treat nest and bedding areas, not the birds, since only feeds at night (p.58)
How can you ID Argas persicus?
1. No scutum
2. Flattened body
3. Sutural line
4. Tegument with cobblestone-like texture (p.58)
Where do the Ornithodorus spp. live?
* Lives off hosts in soil and sheltered areas
* Intermittent feeder (p.58)
How can you ID a Ornithodorus spp.?
1. No scutum
2. Mouth parts attached ventrally
3. NO sutural line
4. Tegument with cobblestone-like texture
5. Thick bodied tick (p.58)
What does the Ornithodorus spp. transmit?
* Borrelia spp.
* Borrelia coriaceae
- Epizootic bovine abortion in
California
(p.58)
What tick (s) transmit Theileria cervi?
Ambylomma americanum (p.59)
What tick (s) transmit Theileria equii?
* Amblyomma cajennese
* Dermacentor variabilis (p.59)
What tick (s) transmit Hepatozoon americanum?
* Amblyomma maculatum(p.59)
What tick (s) transmit Babesia bigemina?
* Boophilus annulatus
* Boophilus microplus(p.59)
What tick (s) transmit Babesia bovis?
* Boophilus microplus (p.59)
What tick (s) transmit Babesia caballi?
* Dermacentor albipicitus
* Dermacentor nitens
* Dermacentor variabilis (p.59)
What tick (s) transmit Cytauxzoon felis?
* Dermacentor variabilis (p.59)
What tick (s) transmit Babesia microti?
Ixodes scapularis (p.59)
What tick (s) transmit Babesia odocoilei?
Ixodes pacificus (p.59)
What tick (s) transmit Babesia canis?
Rhipicephalus sanguineus (p.59)
What tick (s) transmit Babesia gibsoni?
Rhipicephalus sanguineus
(p.59)
What tick (s) transmit Franciscella tularensis?
* Amblyomma americanum
(p.59)
What tick (s) transmit Franciscella?
* Dermacentor andersoni
* Dermacentor occidentalis
* Dermacentor nitens
(p.59)
What tick (s) transmit Rickettsia rickettsi?
* Dermacentor andersoni

* Amblyomma americanum

* Dermacentor variabilis
* Haemaphysalis spp.

(p.59)
What tick (s) transmit Ehrlichia ewingi?
* Amblyomma americanum

(p.59)
What tick (s) transmit Ehrlichia chaffeensis?
* Amblyomma americanum
(p.59)
What tick (s) transmit Ehrlichia ruminantium?
* Amblyomma cajennense
* Amblyomma maculatum
(p.59)
What tick (s) transmit Ehrlichia canis?
* Rhipicephalus sanguineus(p.59)
What tick (s) transmit Anaplasma marginale?
* Boophilus annulatus
* Dermacentor andersoni
* Dermacentor occidentalis

(p.59)
What tick (s) transmit Borrelia burgdorferi?
* Amblyomma americanum
* Ixodes scapularis
* Ixodes pacificus

(p.59)
What tick (s) transmit the Ehrlichia sp.?
* Ixodes scapularis
* Ixodes pacificus (p.59)
What tick (s) transmits Borrielia recrrentis?
* Ornithodorus spp. (p.59)
What tick (s) transmits Borrielia coriaceae?
* Ornithodorus spp. (p.59)
What tick (s) transmits Colorado tick fever?
* Dermacentor andersoni (p.59)
What are the three phyla of helminths that are of veterinary importance?
1. Platyhelminthes
2. Acanthocephla
3. Nemathelminthes
(p.61)