Parasitology 06 Anthropods Of Medical Importance (Insects/arachnids)

Front 1

When was there a bedbug explosion in NYC?

Back 1

2005

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Back 2

Bedbug

Front 3

Describe the classical presentation of a bedbug wound

Back 3

The wounds are paired. The bedbugs feed at night, move over a few cm, and feed again.

Front 4

Where do bedbugs live?

Back 4

They hide in the bed, under the mattress, in the cracked wood of bedframes, behind loose plaster in the walls

Front 5

What infectious disease do bedbugs carry?

Back 5

None

Front 6

Describe the result of a bedbug bite

Back 6

A hemorrhagic, itchy lesion that is not life threatening

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Back 7

Bed bug bite

Front 8

Back 8

Bed bug bite

Front 9

When was the west nile virus introduced to NYC?

Back 9

1999

Front 10

What transmits West Nile Virus?

Back 10

Mosquitoes

Front 11

Describe the transmission cycle of West Nile Virus

Back 11

The disease is transmitted between bird reservoir hosts and the mosquito vector

Humans and horses can be infected by the mosquito

Front 12

Describe the larvae of the WNV mosquito

Back 12

-The mosquito likes to feed on people
-It can reproduce in polluted water
-Any standing water is a good breeding ground

Front 13

Describe the spread of WNV

Back 13

-Introduced to NYC in 1999
-Covered eastern states by 2001
-Covered entire continental US by 2006

Front 14

What diseases do ticks transmit?

Back 14

Lyme
Babesiosis
Ehrlichiosis
RMSF
Tick paralysis - ascending paralysis that is relieved almost as soon at the tick is removed
Red Water Fever
Secondary infections

Front 15

What animal is responsible for the presence of ticks?

Back 15

White tailed deer

Front 16

What animal is responsible for the presence of tick borne parasites?

Back 16

White footed mouse

Front 17

How is too many deer a public health threat?

Back 17

-Amplifying host vector tick
-Destroying forests
-Up to 500,000 deer car accidents
-200+ deaths
-$1+ billion in damages

Front 18

What transmits lyme disease? How big is it?

Back 18

Nymph tick
The size of a freckle

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Back 19

Adult and nymph tick

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Back 20

Burrowing tick

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Back 21

Bullseye rash of lyme disease

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Back 22

Bullseye rash of Lyme disease

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Back 23

Eastern Dog Tick
The vector for RMSF

Front 24

Describe the life of the Eastern Dog Tick

Back 24

Every morning the tick climbs up a blade of grass and sits there and waits. At night if she hasntfound anything she crawls down and waits. The tick can continue this for ~3 years. The tick eventually gets to the host, takes a blood meal, mates, lays eggs, and dies.

Front 25

What are the vectors for RMSF

Back 25

Eastern Dog Tick
American Dog Tick
Rocky Mountain Wood Tick

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Back 26

Short mouthparts of a Eastern Dog Tick

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Back 27

Black legged tick

Front 28

Back 28

Long mouth piece of black legged tick

Front 29

Back 29

Scabies

Front 30

Back 30

Scabies with its 4 pairs of legs

Front 31

Describe a scabies infection

Back 31

The female burrows and the male follows her

They mate and the female lays her eggs in the tunnel

They are found almost exclusively in the webs of the fingers and toes

An immunocompetent person has up to 50 scabies at one time

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Back 32

Typical scabies lesion on the finger

Front 33

Back 33

Rash on the torso as a result of scabies in the periphery

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Back 34

-Norwegian scabies
-Occurs in immunocompromised individuals
-Uncontrolled scabies population
-Treat with ivermectum

Front 35

Back 35

Scabies infection of the foot

Front 36

What are the types of lice that can be found on the human body?

Back 36

Head lice - Lives on the head at all times

Body lice - Live in clothes, go onto person to feed then return to clothes

Crab lice - It occurs on pubic hairs and sometimes on eyebrows and eyelashes.

Front 37

What diseases do lice transmit?

Back 37

Body lice transmit epidemic typhus

Front 38

What is the life cycle of the head louse?

Back 38

Eggs in the hair hatch
Nymphs emerge
Nymphs grow to Adult
Adult lays eggs

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Back 39

Lice holding onto a hair of the head

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Back 40

Lice egg attached to hair shaft
There is a larvae inside

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Back 41

Lice bites on the back of someones neck

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Back 42

Lice bites on the back of the neck. Each biteelicits an immunologic response to the saliva that the louse is injecting into the skin.

Front 43

Back 43

Lice bites

There is so much of a reaction that there is an exudate on the back of the neck and the hair is all stuck and matted together. This is called plica polonica. This has been a problem in Eastern Europe. You can treat head lice with many different types of OTC drugs. Ivermectum also works on these creatures.

Front 44

Back 44

Crab louse

Front 45

Back 45

Crab louse eggs

Front 46

Describe bubonic plague

Back 46

-Flea borne disease
-Before an epidemic a bunch of rats die
-Bacteria are located in fleas gut tract
-Prevent flea from feeding
-Flea tries to feed but regurgitates bacteria into you

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Back 47

Oriental rat flea
Vector for bubonic plague

Front 48

Back 48

Flea bites

Front 49

Describe the life cycle of the flea

Back 49

-The adult lays eggs, which fall into the nest of the dog or a raccoon.
-You get larva which look like maggots and then you get pupa.
-One of the characteristics of pupa is that it can lay there for up to a year.
-If you have a dog with a lot of fleas, which lay a lot of eggs, and you go away.
-The eggs can hatch and the larva can feed on the debris in the nest. The pupa form and they wait to the next spring.
-They sense the vibrations of the person walking around, they hatch and you have a lot of very hungry fleas waiting to hop on someone.

Front 50

Describe fire ant bites/stings

Back 50

They tend to grab with their pinchers and then rotate in a circle stinging multiple times

Each time it injects a very potent toxin

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Back 51

Fire ant blisters

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Healing fire ant blisters

Front 53

What bee stings the most?

Back 53

Yellow jacket

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Back 54

Bee barb
Bee disembowels itself after a sting

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Back 55

Hornet sting

Front 56

Back 56

Developing maggot from tumbu fly

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Back 57

Spots from tumbu fly
Each one is a developing maggot

Front 58

How do you treat tumbu fly maggots?

Back 58

Squeeze them out

Front 59

Back 59

Human bot fly

Front 60

How do botflies cause infection?

Back 60

-They grab little flies
-Put eggs on little fly/mosquito's abdomen
-Little fly lands on person
-Eggs immediately hatch and burrow in
-Tend to grow on legs and back

Front 61

How do you treat botfly infection?

Back 61

Surgical removal

Front 62

Describe maggot therapy

Back 62

-Maggots are used to prevent gangrene
-Special maggots are bred that only eat dead, decaying flesh

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Back 63

Maggots

Front 64

What determines seriousness of scorpion sting?

Back 64

Size
The smaller the scorpion the more lethal the sting

Front 65

Where do black widow spiders live?

Back 65

Outhouses
Wood piles

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Back 66

Black widow spider

Front 67

Back 67

Black widow spider bite

Front 68

Back 68

Brown recluse spider

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Back 69

Result of the bite of a brown recluse on the finger

Front 70

What is the other name for the brown recluse?

Back 70

The violin spider because it has a violin on its back