Parasitologi Øvelse B

Front 1

Fra stortarmen (Hest).

V: voksne orm

H: voksen hun

Back 1

Strongylus vulgarisBlodorm

V:Anterior end prominent due to a well-developed oral leaf crown, an oval buccal capsule with two rounded chitinous teeth at its base, and a dorsal gutter (both sexes). Male (length: 1.5-2 cm) posterior end looking ”frayed” due to the presence of a well-developed bursa.

H: (length: 2-2.5 cm). Mouth opening prominent with leaf crown (palidsadekranse). The buccal capsule is larger than in the male, otherwise morphologically similar. The posterior end pointed.

Der ses i buccalkapslen 2 kitintænder i bunden samt enzymrør som er synligt i den ene side.

Hosts: Equines. Location: Cranial mesenteric artery (migrating larvae) / caecum and colon (adults).

Front 2

Voksne orm fra caecum og colon (hest)

V: voksne orm

Midt: han orm ende og hunorm top.

H: forende af hun

Back 2

Strongylus edentatusFlankeorm

V: Adults (length: 2-4 cm). Resembling the morphology of S. vulgaris, but considerably larger and more stout. Dorsal gutter present.

Ingen tænder tilstede ved basis af enzymrør.

Midt: Tail of male (bottom) and female (top).

Hannen: stor buccalkapsel, stor mundåbning med palisadekranse. Ingen kitintænder - synligt enzymrør.

Hosts: Equines.

Location: Liver, mesocolon, peritoneum (migrating larvae) / caecum and colon (adults).

Front 3

Fra caecum og colon (hest)

V: voksne orm

Midt: Voksen forende

H: Larver i tyktarmsvæggen

Back 3

Cyathostominae - Hestens små strongylider

V: Adults (length 1-1.5 cm). Smaller and much more slender than the large strongyles.

Midt: Adult. Mouth opening with leaf-crowns(palisadekranse) (external and internal). The buccal capsule is short and cylindrical.

Ingen kitintænder i bunden.

Hosts: Equines.

Location: Caecum and colon.

H: The wall of a large intestine with cyathostome larvae. Several tiny larvae in the mucous membrane (larval cyathostomosis). The cyathostomes are non-migratory.

Front 4

Voksne hun orm fra bagerste del i colon (hest)

Back 4

Oxyuris equi - Hestens haleorm

Adult females (length: 5-7 cm). Thick worms with a thin and pointed posterior end, used for attachment while the female deposits eggs around the anal opening of the horse.

Hosts: Equines.

Location: Caecum, colon and rectum.

Front 5

Tyndtarmen hos hest.

Back 5

Parascaris equorum - Hestespolormen

Adults. Thick, stout worms, with a length from 25 cm (males) to 45 cm (females). Anterior end rounded with three strong chitinous lips surrounding the mouth opening. The male posterior end is slightly curved(spiral). The female posterior end is straight and bluntly pointed.

Hosts: Equines.

Location: Small intestine.

Front 6

Billede mangler!! Meget små orm - vansklig og se uden mikroskop. (ved tyndtarmen på hest)

Back 6

Strongylides westeri - trådorm

Meget små orm.

NB: parasitiske hunorm formerer sig ved patogenese.

Hanorm findes kun i fritlevende form.

Front 7

Ileum (især ved ileocecalåbningen) - hest.

Voksne orm.

Back 7

Anoplocephala perfoliata - Hestens bændelorm

Adults (length: 4-6 cm). Scolex with four suckers and four lappets to match (tilhørende lapper). Short and wide segments - the gravid posterior ones in particular (især de bagerste)

Hosts: Equines.

Intermediate hosts: Mites of the family Oribatidae.

Location: Small intestine.

Front 8

Voksne orm fra tyndtarmsindhold (svin).

V: voksne orm

H: leverpletter

Back 8

Ascaris suum - Svinespolormen

V: Adults. Length ranging from 15 cm (males) to 25 cm (females). Anterior end rounded with three chitinous lips surrounding the mouth opening.Male posterior end is slightly coiled and spicules are present. Female posterior end is straight and bluntly pointed.

H: Liver with white marbled spots (indurated patterns, so-called milk spots) caused by migrating larvae (L3).

Hosts: Pigs.

Location: Small intestine.

Front 9

Blind og tyktarm - svin

ØV: Voksne orm, hanner+hunner

ØH: tarmvæg

NV: han orm

NH: forende orm

Back 9

Oesophagostomum dentatum - Knudeorm

ØV: Adults (length: 1-1.5 cm). Whitish strongyles. Male posterior end with a bursa and two spicules. The female is larger than the male, its coiling uterus full of eggs, and the posterior end is pointed.

ØH: Intestinal wall with nodular worm larvae. Nodular thickenings, 2-5 mm wide, each containing a developing larva. Non-migratory, local larval development.

NV: Adult male. Well-developed bursa and spicules.

NH: Small leaf crown and small buccal capsule. Cervical papillae and alae.

Hosts: Pigs.

Location: Caecum, colon.

Front 10

Blind og tyktarm - svin

V: voksne orm

Midt: hanorm

H: caecum med orm

Back 10

Trichuris suis - Svinets piskeorm

V: Adults (length 3-5 cm). Whitish worms with a long filamentous anterior part (”whiplash”). Short and thick posterior part (”whip handle”) ending bluntly in females

Midt: Adult male. The male is coiling posteriorly and has a single spicule in a protrusible sheath covered with spines.

H: Caecum with Trichuris worms. The thin anterior parts are embedded in the mucosal membrane, thus attaching the movable posterior parts.

Hosts: Pigs.

Location: Caecum, colon.

Front 11

Tyndtarmen ved hund+kat

voksne orm

Back 11

Toxocara canis - Hundespolormen

Adults. Length: 10 cm (males) to 15 cm (females). Relatively stout worm with three lips surrounding the mouth and large lancet-shaped cervical alae. The male body is curved posteriorly and has a characteristic small terminal finger-like process. In the microscope curved spicule(s) may be seen. The female posterior end is bluntly pointed.

Hosts: Dogs, canids.

Location: Small intestine.

Front 12

Tyndtarm hund+kat

voksen orm

Back 12

Toxocara cati - Kattespolormen

Adults. Length: 8 cm (males) to 12 cm (females). Relatively thick worms with three lips surrounding the mouth and arrow-shaped cervical alae anteriorly. The male is curved posteriorly and has a characteristic small terminal finger-like process. The female posterior end is bluntly pointed.

Hosts: Cats, felids.

Location: Small intestine.

Front 13

Tyndtarm hund+ kat + evt. ræve

voksne orm

Back 13

Toxascaris leonina - Katte-/hundespolormen

Adults. Length: 8 cm (males) to 12 cm (females). Relatively thick worms. Three lips surrounding the mouth and lancet-shaped cervical alae anteriorly. The male is curved posteriorly, ending bluntly (lacking finger-like process). The female posterior end is bluntly pointed.

Front 14

Orm fra tyndtarm - hund

forende.

Back 14

Ancylostoma caninum - Hundens hageorm

Male. Length of adult worms: 1-2 cm. Whitish / pink strongyle worm with a dorsally bent anterior end (”hook”) ending in a large buccal capsule with chitinous teeth (2 x 3) on the ventral rim of the mouth. Male posterior end with a bursa and two spicules. The female uterus is coiling. Not stationary in DK, but imported with dogs arriving from warmer climates. The temperate canine hookworm, Uncinaria stenocephala, is similar, except that it is armed with chitinous cutting plates on the ventral rim of the mouth.

Hosts: Dogs.

Location: Small intestine.

Front 15

Tyndtarm fra hund

ØV: forende orm

ØH: midtpart m. segmenter

NV: segmenter

NH: segmenter

Back 15

Dipylidium caninumAlmindelig -hundebændelorm

ØV+ØH:

Length: 50-80 cm. Scolex with four suckers and a protrusible rostellum armed with rows of small hooks. Mature proglottids are short or squared with clearly visible bilateral genital organs containing no egg capsules. Gravid proglottids are oblong (”cucumber seed”-like) with two lateral genital openings and two sets of genital organs full of egg capsules.

NV: Gravid segments filled with eggs.

NH: Short non-mature proglottids.

Hosts: Dogs, cats.

Intermediate hosts: Fleas (Ctenocephalides canis, C. felis, Pulex irritans) and lice.

Location: Small intestine.

Front 16

OBS: mangler billede.

Fra tyndtarm på hund.

Back 16

Mesocestoides lineatus- ("Hvidplettet bændelorm")

præp1: Bændelorm montereret i sektioner.

Scolex: 4 sugeskåle, lille, ingen rostellumkroge.

Immature led: først korte, kvadratiske længere nede.

Kønsmodne led: Hver med ét centralt placeret kønsanlæg.

Ægfyldte led: aflang med ét cirkulært ægfyldt paratureint organ.

præp2: leddet kan ligne en agurkekerne man kan se det parauterine organ.

Front 17

Fra tyndtarm på hund

Back 17

Taenia pisiformis - Jagthunde-bændelorm

ØV: Length up to 200 cm. Large scolex with armed rostellum (34-48 hooks) and four suckers. A mature proglottid is squared with one lateral genital opening.

ØH: Oblong gravid proglottids with numerous eggs (characteristic Taenia-type). Each proglottid has one lateral genital opening directing randomly to either side.

NV: Short non-mature proglottids.

NH; lever med Cystericus pisiformis - tinter på leveren med invagineret protoscolex.

Hosts: Dogs, foxes.

Intermediate hosts: Lagomorphs (hares and rabbits).

Location: Small intestine.

Front 18

Mangler billede.

Voksenorm fra opsamlet vomitus fra kat.

Back 18

Taenia taeniaeformis (bændelorm)

se s. 15 øvelsesnoter.

Front 19

Kredløbet hos Hund.

V: voksne orme

H: hun orm.

Back 19

Angiostrongylus vasorum- Fransk hjerteorm

V: Adults. Length: 1.5 cm (male) to 2.5 cm (female). Male slender with a small posterior bursa and two spicules slender spicules (400 μm).

h: Female. White ovaries coiled around the red (blood-containing) intestine (”Barber’s pole” appearance, c.f. Haemonchus). Vulva opening in the posterior part.

Hosts: Dogs, foxes.

Intermediate hosts: Land snails, slugs.

Location: Circulatory system (right ventricle, pulmonary artery).

Front 20

Kredsløbet hos hund.

svømmende i blodplasma.

Back 20

Dirofilaria immitis - Hundens tropiske hjerteorm

Giemsa stained blood smear from dog. Microfilariae (appr. 325 µm long) swimming in the blood plasma. For comparison, the microfilariae are e.g. 10-15 times larger than trypanosomes. Wide curved front part and pointed rear part. Contains different characteristical cells.

Hosts: Dogs, occasionally cats. Ses i hunde efter ophold i troperne.

Vectors (intermediate hosts): Mosquitoes (Culex, Aedes, Anopheles, Myzhorhynchus). Infection occurs in the tropics and subtropical zones (e.g. Australia, India, South Africa, South America, Southern Europe, Southern Asia, and the US).

Location: Adult worms in the right ventricle and pulmonary artery.

Front 21

fundet ved fugle.

V: Schizogoni

H: Gametogony

Back 21

Eimeria tenella- Blindtarmcoccidier hos fjerkræ

V: Schizogony is predominant 4-5 days after infection with many schizonts. The first schizogony phase is characterized by small round cells named meronts. The second schizogony phase is characterized by numerous elongate crescent shaped cells, named merozoites.

H: Gametogony is predominant with many gametocytes and oocysts. Two types of gametocytes: 1) Macrogametocytes (female) with a big central nucleus surrounded by coronal granula. 2) Microgametocytes containing microgametes. And finally syngamy resulting in formation of zygotes transforming into oocysts (rounded greyish cells between the epithel cells) when covered with shell material.

Hosts: Poultry.

Location: Epithelial cells of the caeca.

Front 22

Hos fugle.

blodudstrygning.

Back 22

Haemoproteus columbae - Due-malaria

Giemsa stained blood smear from a dove. Erythrocytes in various forms. A lot of oblong, kidney-shaped macrogametes can be seen in the periphery of erythrocytes. Notice the dark purple oval cell nucleus in the middle of each erythrocyte (normal anatomy of birds).

Hosts: Poultry.

Intermediate hosts: Hippoboscid flies, midges. Causes malaria in doves. In gallinaceous birds malaria can be caused by other species (e.g. Plasmodium gallinaceum).

Location: Erythrocytes.