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Morphine sulfate
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Class: Opioid (narcotic) analgesic
Adult Dosage range: 2-10mg IM/IV Expected Dose: (None); 2-4mg slow IV; titrated to effect (relief of pain) Maximum Dose: None Pediatric Dose: 0.1-0.2mg/kg IM/slow IV/IO to a max dose of 15mg. Physiological Actions: Natural opium alkaloid that has a primary effect of analgesia. Also increases peripheral venous capacitance and decreases venous return. Causes euphoria & respiratory & CNS depression. Because Morphine decreases both preload and after-load it may decrease myocardial oxygen demand. Morphine Sulfate is a Schedule II drug. ONSET: 1-2 minutes after administration. DURATION: 2-7 hours Clinical Use: Chest pain associated with myocardial infarction, pulmonary edema with or without associated pain, moderate to severe acute & chronic pain. Side Effects: Hypotension, tachycardia, bradycardia, palpitations, syncope, facial flushing, respiratory depression, euphoria, bronchspasm, dry mouth, allergic reaction. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to narcotics, hypovolemia, hypotension, head injury or undiagnosed abdominal pain, increased ICP, severe respiratory depression, patients who have taken MAO inhibitors within 14 days. Precautions: Pregnancy Safety: Category B; narcotics rapidly cross the placenta. Safety in neonates has not been established. Use with caution in the elderly, those with asthma, those susceptible to CNS depression, should be used with caution in chronic pain syndromes, may worsen bradycardia or heart blocks in inferior MI. Naloxone should be readily available. |
