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5 Cards in this Set
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- Back
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George Peter Murdock |
[FUNCTIONALIST] Argued that the family performs 4 basic functions in all societies; Sexual, Reproductive, economic (provision of food etc) and education (teaching culture, norms and values)- Which are essential for society to function. The nuclear family benefits the individuals within it and society as a whole, strengthening bonds between members and stabilising society. |
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Zaretsky |
[MARXIST]
Sees the family as benefiting for the bourgeoisie.
Housewives, via the domestic labour they undertake and the children they have, reproduce future generations of workers.
He also believed that the family has become a vital unit of consumption. The family consumes the products of capitalism and this allows the bourgeoisie to continue making profit. |
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Parsons |
[FUNCTIONALIST] Saw the family as a 'Personality factory'- The child is seen as a 'blank slate' at birth and the function of parents, especially the nurturing mother, is to train and mould the passive child in the image of society. Within the family, children learn the shared culture values and norms of society and internalises them. This ensures that the child subscribes to value consensus and so feels a strong sense of belonging to society. |
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Cooper |
[MARXIST] Argues that the family is important in reproducing the attitudes essential for an efficient workforce under capitalism. Within the family, children learn to conform and submit to authority, therefore the foundation is laid for obedient and submissive workforce required by capitalism. |
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Anne Oakley |
[FEMINIST]
Is very critical of both the idea that there are biological differences between men and women which seek to explain differences in conjugal roles and the idea that conjugal roles are now symmetrical.
She found that the social roles ascribed to women (for example, that of a wife and mother) exist for the convenience of men. This, the traditional nuclear family is a patriarchal institution in which men dominate.
She argued that nurture over nature is the key determinant of gender indentities and that gender role socialisation is more a important factor in creating 'masculine' men and 'feminine' women than any genetic differences between the sexes.
Oakley suggested that gender roles are established by the way in which parents push their children into traditional gender roles (canalisation) and change their behaviour by the toys they give them or the reaction they make to the child's behaviour (manipulation).
In this way, by channelling their children's behaviour into specific activities, children come to learn that some activities are considered appropriate for boys and others are appropriate for girls (activities, in effect, become 'gendered'- associated with one or other of the sexes). |
