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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Adams-Onis Treaty (1819)
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Florida Purchase Treaty/Transcontinental Treay- the US paid Spain $5million for Florida, Spain recognized America's claim to the Oregon country
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American system
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set of proposals by Henry Clay that called for a national bank, protective tariffs, & internal improvements
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Andrew Jackson
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US general who defeated the N.As @ Horseshoe Bend
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Battle of New Orleans
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a major battle of the War of 1812
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Chesapeake-Leopard Affair
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brought on a war crisis when the British warship Leopard attacked the American warship Chesapeake
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Dartmouth College v. Woodward
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case in which the Supreme Court prevented New Hampshire from changing Dartmouth's charter to make it a public institution
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embargo act (1807)
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law passed by congress stopping all US exports until British and French interference w/ US merchant ships stopped
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Fletcher v. Peck (1810)
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established the court's power to invalidate state laws contrary to the Constitution
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Gibbon v. Ogden (1824)
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landmark case in which the Supreme Court struck down a NY law that granted a monopoly to certain steam-boats operating b/w NY and NJ
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Hartford Convention
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meeting of New Eng. state leaders in 1814; the delegates called for restrictions on embargoes and limits on presidential tenure
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Henry Clay
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leading American statesman. member of congress, speaker of the house, senator, and secretary of state, and made 3 failed attempts at president
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impressment
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the forceful drafting of American sailors into the British navy
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John Marshall
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chief justice of the US Supreme Court
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Louisiana Purchase
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an 828,000 sq-mi region purchased from France in 1803 for $15million
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macon's bill no 2 (1810)
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modified embargo that replaced the non-intercourse act of 1809. reopened trade w/ both Britain and France but held that if either agreed to respect America's neutrality in their conflict, the US would end trade w/ the other
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Marbury v. Madison (1803)
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court case that established the principle of judicial review
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McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
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the Supreme Court established the supremacy of federal law over state law. court set aside a MD law that attempted to control the actions of the Baltimore branch of the 2nd National Bank of the US
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Missouri Compromise (1820)
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settlement of a dispute over the spread of slavery that was authored by Henry Clay
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Monroe Doctrine (1823)
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issued to counter a perceived threat from European powers to the newly-independent nations of Latin America
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non-intercourse act (1809)
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replaced the embargo policy by allowing American trade w/ all countries except Britain and France
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panic of 1819
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severe depression that followed the economic boom of the post-war of 1812 years
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2nd Bank of the US
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national bank organized in 1816; it held federal tax receipts and regulated the amount of money circulating in the economy
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Treaty of Ghent (1815)
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agreement that ended the War of 1812 but was silent on the causes of the war
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war hawks
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young congressmen in the 12th congress from the south who demanded war with Britain
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corrupt bargain
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agreement b/w presidential candidates Henry Clay and JQA during the disputed election of 1824
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Daniel Webster
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noted orator, constitutional lawyer, senator, secretary of state, and major spokesman for nationalism and the union in the 1830's, 40's, and 50's
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democratic party
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the modern day, major political party whose antecedents can be traced to the democratic republican party
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"Exposition and Protest"
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document secretly written by John Calhoun in support of nullification
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"his accidency"
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nickname given to John Tyler in 1841 by his opponents when he assumed the presidency upon the death of William Henry Harrison
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Indian removal act (1830)
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gave the president authority to negotiate treaties w/ se'rn tribes and to trade their land in the E for territory in the west
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John C. Calhoun
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vice president under both JQA and Andrew Jackson. wrote "Exposition and Protest"
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John Quincy Adams
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son of president John Adams and secretary of state who helped purchase Florida and formulate the Monroe Doctrine and president who supported an activist gov't and economic nationalism
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market revolution
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the process that took place in 19th century America in which an economy dominated by small farmers and manufacturers produced for a distant cash market
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Martin Van Buren
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senator, vice president, and president of the US. panic of 1837. free soil party
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nullification
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theory that the states created the Constitution as a compact among them and they were the final judge of constitutionality of federal law
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panic of 1837
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a major depression that lasted from 1837-1844
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pet banks
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financial institutions friendly to Andrew Jackson's administration that received federal funds when he vetoed the second national banks's recharter in 1832
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specie circular (1836)
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a federal gov't action to dampen inflation brought on by land speculation following the closure of the 2nd national bank
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spoils system
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practice of appointing people to gov't positions as a reward for their loyalty and political support
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tariff of abominations
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name given to a high tariff passed in 1828
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trail of tears (1838)
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removal of some 18,000 Cherokees, evicted from lands in SE'rn US and marched to Indian Territory
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whigs
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political party formed in 1832 in opposition to Andrew Jackson
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