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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In what 2 ways is oxygen transported through blood? |
- Dissolved in blood - Bound to Hemoglobin (Hb) |
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How many mL of oxygen can dissolve per 100 mL of blood? |
0.3 mL |
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How many times more O2 can be carried by Hb than dissolved in blood? |
70x |
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What does oxygen tension in blood mean? |
Partial pressure of oxygen in blood (mmHg) |
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What is the partial pressure of oxygen in alveolar gas? |
PAO2 = 107 mmHg
PH2O = 47 mmHg |
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What is the oxygen concentration in blood when it is at equilibrium with alveolar air? |
20 mL O2 / 100 mL blood |
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What is the partial pressure of oxygen in mixed venous blood?
O2 concentration in venous blood? |
PO2 = 40 mmHg
C = 15 mL / 100 mL blood |
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What is hemoglobin saturation (%) when oxygen partial pressure is ~26 mmHg? |
50% |
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What is O2 capacity? |
The maximum amount of O2 that can be combined with hemoglobin in blood |
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What is O2 saturation? |
The percentage of O2 capacity that is occupied by O2
(O2 combined with Hb / O2 capacity) |
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What is the Bohr effect? |
An increase in CO2 and H+ in blood causes the oxygen dissociation curve to shift right |
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What does it mean that the oxygen dissociation curve has shifted right? |
Hemoglobins affinity for O2 has decreased. |
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What is the mechanism of action that makes the Bohr effect possible? |
The affinity for H+ to reduced Hb is more than it is for oxidized Hb |
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What 4 physiological changes in blood affect the Bohr effect? |
- pCO2 - pH - Temperature - 2,3-DPG concentration |
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What is the function of 2,3-DPG? |
2,3-diphosphoglycerate binds to deoxygenated Hb to further decrease its affinity for bound O2 |
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What is the partial pressure of CO2 in arteries?
In veins? |
Arteries: 40 mmHg
Veins: 46 mmHg |
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What are the partial pressures of O2 and CO2 in veins during exercise? |
pO2 = 35 mmHg
pCO2 = 50 mmHg |
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What happens to the oxygen saturation curve during exercise? |
Shifts to the right |
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In what 3 forms is CO2 transported through blood? |
- Bicarbonate - Dissolved CO2 - Carbamino-hemoglobin |
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What ion is antiported for bicarbonate after dissolved CO2 is turned into carbonic acid inside a RBC? |
Chloride ion |
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What form of carbon dioxide is predominant in arterial blood?
Venous blood? |
Arterial blood = Bicarbonate
Venous blood = still bicarbonate |
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What is the Haldane Effect?
What does that mean? |
A reduction in Hb-O2 saturation in blood causes an upward shift of the CO2 dissociation curve.
More CO2 in blood when O2 is kicked off Hb--by forming carbaminohemoglobin |
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What is the mechanism by which the Haldane effect is achieved? |
Reduced Hb is less acidic than oxygenated Hb, and can therefore bind CO2 more easily |
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What is the physiological importance of the Haldane Effect? |
It increases the CO2 unloading in alveolar capillaries and uptake in peripheral tissue |
