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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Oxygen Delivery Devices |
Non-specific FiO2:
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Non-Specific FiO2 Low-Flow or Variable Performance |
Flows < 8 LPM
But: PIF requirements are 30-40 LPM
Therefore: Inspired oxygen will be diluted with entrained ambient air
So: FiO2 cannot be predicted breath-to-breath |
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Non-Specific FiO2 Low-Flow or Variable Performance Nasal Cannula |
Two plastic prongs sit at base of nares and connect to 5-6’ of small bore tubing
• Flows 1-6 LPM and FiO’s 0.24 - 0.44
• > 4 LPM require humidifier |
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Non-Specific FiO2 Low-Flow or Variable Performance Nasal Cannula |
Clinical Uses: |
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Non-Specific FiO2 Low-Flow or Variable Performance Nasal Cannula |
Advantages:
Disadvantages: |
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Non-Specific FiO2 Reservoir Systems |
Employ a mechanism to gather and store O2
Higher FiO’s available
But: FiO2 still unpredictable breath-to-breath |
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Non-Specific FiO2 Reservoir Systems |
1. Reservoir Cannula or Pendant
2. Reservoir Masks |
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Non-Specific FiO2 Reservoir Systems Reservoir Cannula |
Designed to conserve O2 (up to 75%)
Mustache or pendant style
Reservoir stores approx. 20 ml O2 during expiration |
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Non-Specific FiO2 Reservoir Systems Reservoir Cannula |
• Flows 1-4 LPM and FIO2’s 0.22 - 0.35
Disadvantages: • Bulky • Cumbersome • Low patient compliance
Rarely used |
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Non-Specific FiO2 Reservoir Systems Reservoir Cannula: Simple |
Plastic, cone-shaped, fits over nose and mouth - Small bore inlet port with small bilateral exhalation ports
• Mask stores 100-200 ml gas for use in next inspiration -> increases FiO2
• Flows 5-10 LPM and FIO2’s 0.35 - 0.50 |
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Non-Specific FiO2 Reservoir Systems Reservoir Cannula: Simple |
Clinical Uses: |
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Non-Specific FiO2 Reservoir Systems Reservoir Cannula: Simple |
Advantages:
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Non-Specific FiO2 Reservoir Systems Reservoir Cannula: Non-Rebreathing |
300-500 ml reservoir bag at inlet to mask, stores extra O2 for next breath
Directional valves placed between bag & mask and on exhale ports dilution from ambient air
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Non-Specific FiO2 Reservoir Systems Reservoir Cannula: Non-Rebreathing |
• Flows 6-10 LPM and FiO2’s 0.60 - 0.80
Safety Concerns:
THEREFORE |
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Non-Specific FiO2 Reservoir Systems Reservoir Cannula: Non-Rebreathing |
Clinical Uses: |
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Non-Specific FiO2 Reservoir Systems Reservoir Cannula: Non-Rebreathing |
Advantages:
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Non-Specific FiO2 Reservoir Systems Reservoir Cannula: Hi-Ox 80 |
FiO2: >80% - Attached reservoir bag
Flow: 8 LPM, - Meet PIF via reservoir bag
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Non-Specific FiO2 Reservoir Systems Reservoir Cannula: Hi-Ox 80 |
• Non-rebreathing style
• Able to filter expired gases |
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Specific FiO2 High Flow Systems |
• Specific oxygen concentrations or FiO2’s
• Employ ‘air-entrainment principles’
• Most common systems for acute care therapy
• MUST meet patient’s Peak Inspiratory Flow (PIF) to ensure FiO2 |
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Specific FiO2 High Flow Systems Air Entrainment |
Oxygen directed through small nozzle or jet
To generate a specific oxygen percent • MUST be able to provide > 40-60 LPM to meet patient’s PIF |
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Specific FiO2 High Flow Systems Air Entrainment |
Air-entrainment varies directly with |
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Specific FiO2 High Flow Systems Air Entrainment |
The smaller the jet -> the greater the oxygen velocity -> the greater the ambient air-entrainment -> the lower the FiO2
The greater the ambient air-entrainment -> the higher the total gas output |
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Specific FiO2 High Flow Systems Mixing Air and Oxygen |
Calculate with Magic Box - always start with Air at 20 and O2 at 100 - calculate so O2=1 in final ratio - determines how much air to entrain |
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Specific FiO2 High Flow Systems Mixing Air and Oxygen |
Total Output Flow 1. Calculate Air: O2 ratio for desired FiO |
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Specific FiO2 Air Entrainment Masks HAFOE or Venturi Mask |
• Ambient air entrainment: > PIF
• FiO2’s: 0.24 – 0.50
• Specific flows: depending on FiO2
• Humidity: >4 LPM, vapour or aerosol droplet |
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Specific FiO2 Air Entrainment Masks OXYMASK |
• FiO2: 0.24 to 0.90
• Flow available: 1-40 LPM
• Adult or child
• Vapour only – NO aerosol droplets |
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Specific FiO2 Air Entrainment Masks Jet Nebulizer |
Jet-orifice size is fixed -
• FiO2: 0.28 to 1.0
• Input flowrates: 5 to 15 LPM |
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Specific FiO2 Air Entrainment Masks Jet Nebulizer |
• Humidity: Aerosol droplet • Can carry infection - not used when patient is highly contagious
• If not specified, set to 15 (flush) |
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Specific FiO2 Air Entrainment Masks Jet Nebulizer |
1. Jet size is fixed
2. Source flow constant
3. Entrainment port variable |
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Oxygen Delivery Devices: Specific FiO2 Air Entrainment Masks Jet Nebulizer |
Problem: May not meet the patient’s PIF
Solution: Add reservoir tubes onto mask, or t-piece |
