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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Integumentary System
(Skin, Hair Nails) |
Components: Epidermal and dermal regions: cutaneous sense organs and glands.
Functions: Protects deeper organs from mechanical, chemical, and bacterial injury, and desiccation (drying out) Excretes salts & urea Aids in regulation of body temperature Produces vitamin D |
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Skeletal System
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Components: Bones, cartilages, tendons, ligaments, and joints
Functions: Body support & protection of internal organs Provides levers for muscular action Cavities (lacunae) provide a site for blood cell formation |
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Muscular System
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Components: Muscles attached to the skeleton
Functions:Primary function is to contract or shorten; in doing so, skeletal muscles allow locomotion *(running, walking, etc.), grasping & manipulation of the environment, & facial expression Generates heat |
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Nervous System
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Components: Brain, spinal cord, nerves, & sensory receptors
Functions: Allows body to detect changes in its internal & external environment & to respond to such information by activating appropriate muscles or glands Helps maintain homeostasis of the body via rapid transmission of electrical signals |
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Endocrine System
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Components: Pituitary, thymus, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, & pineal glands; ovaries, testes, & pancreas
Functions: Helps maintain body homeostasis, promotes growth & development; produces chemical "messengers" (hormones) that travel in the blood to exert their effect(s) on various "target organs" of the body |
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Cardiovascular System
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Components: Heart, blood vessels, & blood
Functions: Primarily a transport system that carries blood containing oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, ions, hormones, & other substances to and from the tissue cells where exchanges are made; blood is propelled through the blood vessels by the pumping action of the heart Antibodies & other protein molecules in the blood act to protect the body |
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Lymphatic/Immune System
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Components: Lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, tonsils, & scattered collections of lymphoid tissue
Functions: Picks up fluid leaked from the blood vessels & returns it to the blood Cleanses blood of pathogens & other debris Houses lymphocytes that act via the immune response to protect the body from foreign substances (antigens) |
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Respiratory System
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Components: Nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, & lungs
Functions: Keeps the blood continuously supplied with oxygen while removing carbon dioxide Contributes to the acid-base balance of the blood via its carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system |
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Digestive System
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Components: Oral cavity, esophagus, stomach small & large intestines, & accessory structures (teeth, salivary glands, liver & pancreas)
Function: Breaks down ingested foods to minute particles, which can be absorbed into the blood for delivery to the body cells Undigested residue removed from the body as feces |
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Urinary System
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Components: Kidneys, ureters, bladder, & urethra
Functions: Rids the body of nitrogen-containing wastes (urea, uric acid, & ammonia), which result from the breakdown of proteins & nucleic acids by body cells Maintains water, electrolyte, & acid-base balance of blood |
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Reproductive System
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Components: Male: testes, prostate gland, scrotum, penis, & duct system, which carries sperm to the body exterior
Female: ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, mammary glands, & vagina Functions: Provides germ cells (sperm) for perpetuation of the species Provides germ cells (eggs); the female uterus houses the developing fetus until birth; mammary glands provide nutrition for the infant |
