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161 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How has the use of adhesive dentistry affect the concepts of cavity preparations
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it has allowed for removal of less tooth and more conservative preps
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What is meant by bond strength
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measure of the load bearing capacity of the adhesive
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What is the diff between cohesive and adhesive bond types
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Cohesive- failure in one of the substrates and not the interface
Adhesive - failure at the interface between the two substrates |
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How does surface free energy affect our ability to bond dentin and enamel
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surface TENSION of adhesive must be less than surface ENERGY of adherens
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What is the primary mechanism that allows resin bonding agent to bond to tooth
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micromechanical interlocking with the surface of etched substrate
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What changes in dentin structure can affect bonding ability
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sclerosis, insult of caries can give reparative dentin. hypermineralization - obstruction of tubules by Whitlockite crystalline deposits
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what is the smear layer
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cutting debris hat is calcified by rotary instrument on dentin, enamel and cementum
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how does smear layer affect dentinal permeability
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smear layer occludes the tubules and deminishes permeability
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How does smear layer and removal of smear layer affect bonding process to dentin
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smear layer is detrimental to bonding because you get cohesive failure of smear layer. THUS REMOVING SMEAR LAYER INCREASES BOND STRENGTH
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How does polym contraction stress affect the bond between tooth and resin
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may pull composite away from walls of cavity preparation
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Whats the diff between external and internal dentinal wetness
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Internal - fluids from the pulp that flow thru dentinal tubules
External - ambient moisture or humidity |
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Why does saliva decrease bonding effectiveness
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Saliva proteins block porosities and impede contact between adhesive and bonding substrate
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When etching both enamel and dentin why is it important to not etch more than 15 seconds
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dont want to deep an etch
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What does wet bonding mean
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keep dentin wet and rely on water chasing effect of acetone based primer
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How does excessive moisture on the dentin surface prior to applying primer effect the resin-dentin bond
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dilutes the primer and renders it less effective
Causes phase separation of hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomers |
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Why must we leave primers on for 15 seconds
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allow monomers to interdiffuse to the entire depth of surface
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What is the effect of over thinning the thickness of the adhesive resin layer
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decreases elastic buffer
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What is the advant of having small filler particles in the adhesive resin
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alleviates stress,
less contraction superior physical properties increased compressive strength |
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Why should a light cured adhesive bonding agent be light cured prior to application of the resin composite restorative material
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stability of the resin to tooth bond
so that the resin adhesive is not displaced by the resin composite |
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describe the causes of the degeneration of the bond between resin and tooth structure
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mechanical forces
thermal expansion chemical - water difussion human and bacterial enzymes |
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What factors affect the effectiveness of a curing light
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wavelength
intensity of light source light exposure time resistance from tip(dirty etc..) shade of resin composite(Darker shades require more time) |
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What are the two classifications systems for resin dentin bonding agents
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Chronological - non scientific just by the order they came onto the market
Scientific classification based on system type - Etch and Rinse, Self-Etch and Glass Ionomers |
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What is the difference between a 2 step and 3 step "etch and rinse" adhesive
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2 step - acid and primer/resin
3 step - acid, primer, resin |
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What is the most critical step in the "etch and rinse" approach
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application of the primer
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What is the effect of acid etching on the enamelsurface
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enlarged surface area for bonding, transforms surface to rougher surface with 2X the surface energy(microporosities are created)
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What parameters can affect the effectiveness of acid etching on enamel
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type of acid, concentration of acid, time its on there, form of acid, rinse time and enamel composition
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how does acid conditioning of dentin affect its surface free energy
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it decreases the surface free energy(this is opposite of enamel so thats why we use primer on dentin)
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why are low viscosity resins such as HEMA essential to promote adhesion to conditioned dentin
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HEMA has excellent wetting capabilities
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What is the major role of the adhesive bnding resin
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stabilize the hybrid layer and form resin extensions into dentinal tubules
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what is the implication of the oxygen inhibited layer on the surface of the adhesive resin
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the layer offers sufficient MMA double bonds for copolymerization of the adhesive resin with the restorative resin
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What does the term hybridization refer to in regards to adhesive bonding
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the process of resin interlocking in the demineralized dentin surface
THIS PROVIDES MICROMECHANINCAL RETENTION |
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Which is more critical to sucess of dentin bonding process (presence of inter tubular dentin or development of resin tags)
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Intertubular dentin
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What are the adv and disadv of self-etch adhesive resins
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look at pages in books the tables are too long
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What is the major difference bewteen the bonding systems of the first 2 generations and those that followed
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dentin etching
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What is the major diff between IV gen and V gen bonding systems
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V combines primer and adhesive
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What has the sucess of VI and VII bonding agents
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lower bond strength but the technique for installing is much more simplified
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Is a coallesced or non coallesced pit and fissure more likely to get caries
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non coallesced more likely to get caries(the enamel hasnt completely merged so bacteria is easily trapped)
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What is a reliable method for detecting pit and fissure carries
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Visual observation with magnification and clean dry tooth
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Does the author of the text recommend placing sealants over known carious dentin
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NOT RECOMMENDED OVER DENTIN
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why is important to dry off tooth when detecting caries
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removes saliva that can cover up areas
makes white spots more easily noticed |
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How does the presence of a cavitation on the tooth surface generally relate to the depth fo the caries in relation to dentin
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A white spot lesion that is visible w/o drying is probably over 1/2 way thru enamel and may be in dentin
If you need to dry to see it its probably not 1/2 way thru enamel |
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How are BWX used to support the visual inspection of teeth for pit and fissure caries
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its an safety net
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Are you supposed to use a sharp explorer to detect P&F caries
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no its inaccurate and can damage the tooth
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Number 8 Section 6
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Look it up
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Number 9 SEction 6
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look it up
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what are the preventive measures suggested for use in preventing caries
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Oral hygiene with Fl containing toothpaste, flouride application and use of sealants
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How does the fact that a caries lesion has become cavitated effect the possibility of the healing the lesion with remineralization techniques
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hard to heal the lesion cause you cant brush and floss
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name the 3 problems assoc with use of resin composites to be able to serve acceptably in posterior restorations
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shrinkage
occlusional post-op sensitivity less than ideal wear resistance |
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What are the 2 factors that are prereqs for resin composites to be able to work acceptably as a restoration
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appropriate case selection
appropriate clinical technique |
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what are the advantages of resin composites as a posterior restorative material
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Estethics
Conservative tooth prep adhesion to tooth structure instead of using undercuts low thermal conductivity elminate chance of galvanic current(metal on metal shock) |
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what are the disadvantages of resin composites as a posterior restorative material
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Polym shrinkage
secondary caries risk post op sensitivity decreased wear rate |
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duplicate
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whoops
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In authors opinion what is the best means to isolate an area for resin composite placements
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damn rubber dams
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what is the key to sealant success
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total sealant and retention
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List the factors that can affect the rentention and effectiveness of a sealant
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mand show higher retention than max
PM show higher retention than molars annual recall of pts and repair of partially or totally lost sealants improves effectiveness use of bonding agents prior to sealant placement helps to wet fissures which improves penetration into fissures thus increasing bond strength slight mechanical preparation of fissures with very small burs or air abrasion to provide sound enamel to etch and ehances sealant pentration and bond strength clinical studies of RMGI sealants show good caries prevention but poor mechanical retention compared to resin sealants flowable resin composite materials have been shown to perform well as fissure sealants the use of sealants should be based on pts future risk for caries and not just placed universally |
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Special Note ----- The sensitivity experienced post op because of polym shrinkage is due to what
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bacteria allowed in or fluid flow between dentinal tubules can cause pain as well
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Name the advantages of using a preventive resin restoration(PRR) to restore P&F caries
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limited preparation
conservative approach minimal wear areas no progression of sealed caries good longevity |
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tell when a PRR is indicated
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when some areas of the fissure system are associated with a carious dentin and others are not
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how dose the width and depth of the prepartion affect the selection of the type of resin material to be used
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deeper wider preps should have highly filled resin put in
shallow narrow preps need a more flowable resin installed |
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What are the 4 structural components of a resin composite
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polymer matrix, filler particles, coupling initiator and initiator
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what benefits do the filler particles give to the resin composite
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improved translucency
reduce coefficient of thermal expansion reduce polym shrinkage |
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what is the coupling agent used to bind the filler particles to the matrix
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silane - it promotes adhesion of filler to matrix to improve cohesive strength which prevents filler particles from being "plucked" from the surface due to wear.
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what is the most common photoinitiator
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camphoriquinone
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what are some of the undesirable characteristics of resin composites
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polym shrinkage, high CTE
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what are some things that are recommended to offset the effects of poly shrinkage
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increment curing
enamel beveling slow setting resin liners |
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how does the viscosity of resin composites affect its handling characteristics
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it influences the adapatation of the resin to the cavity prep walls to reduce porsoities and voids
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differentiate betweeen enamel, dentin and incisal shades of resins
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dentin - most opaque
enamel- body shades incisal - the most translucent |
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what are the two major types of resin composites described
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microfilled and hybrid
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explain the differences in strength and polishability between a hybrid and a microfilled resin
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microfilled - most highly polishable but not as strong
hybride- stronger and still pretty good polishability |
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Describe the ideal circumstances for using a resin composite in a posterior restoration
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Patient not allergic to resin material
Patient exhibits ability to perform good oral hygiene centric occlusal stops patient with no excessive wear from clenching or grinding rubber dam isolation is possible estethics is a prime concern for patient facial lingual width is no more than 1/3 of intercuspal distance to reduce occlusal forces all cavosurface margins should be in enamel |
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explain what informed consent is and how it relates to tx planning for a posterior resin restoration
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Explain the procedure and the possible risks and rewards of this procedure as well as other options for different procedures
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Is the routine use of a test for the salivary count for mutans streptococcus recommended
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NO
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what is the relationship between a high salivary count for S. mutans and dental caries
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usually high counts of S. mutans means high caries rate but not always
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according to the books author what is the most important factor that can be identified in a patients medical records
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dry mouth
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t or f. Any cavitation on the surface of the tooth corresponds to progression of the lesion into the dentin
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T (most studies show this is true according to the text)
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what defines an a high copper alloy
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12-30% wt of copper and at least 40% silver
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what is the main advantage of high copper alloys
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the elimination of the highly corrodible and weak gamma 2(tin-mercury) phase that existed in low copper dental amalgams
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what does current research reveal concerning the saftey of amalgam and the mercury in them
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No toxic effects are noted
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what is the difference between lathe cut, spherical and admixed amalgam
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lathecut - milled filings, more conventional
admixed - mixture of lathecut and spherical spherical - duh!!! |
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is an allergic response to amalgam common
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no extremely rare (<1% occurence)
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what ar the advantages and disadvantages of using amalgam
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Advantages - strenght, durable wear, easy to use, reduced microleakage and its cheaper
disadvantages - not tooth colored, doesnt bond to teeth |
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what are the different handling properties of spherical amalgam compared to lathecut or admixed
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spherical has lower mercury ratio, less condensation force needed, doesnt adapt to cavity walls as well as lathe cut
spherical is harder to condense and thus harder to obtain a good interproximal contact on a Class II filling Sphericals set faster and give less working time |
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T or F the smaller the nib the more force is needed to condense the amalgam
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F a small nib needs less force to condense
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what techniques acn be used to assure proper lateral condensation of the amalgam against the walls of the prep
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move condensor laterally and use the side of it or tilt condenser and alter direction of force
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how does residual mercury in amalgam restorations affect is properties
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the less residual mercury present means the stronger and longer lasting it will be
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when should the "pre carve" burnish take place
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immediately after condensing
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why does the text recommend a sterilized sharpening stone be available during the carving procedure
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cause amalgam rapidly dulls blades and a sharp blade is important
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what methods can be used to aid in avoiding and identifying "flash" wen placing an amalgam
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have enamel margins that are smooth and not rough when an explorer is passed over them
While carving make sure that blade is half on tooth and half in the amalgam. Only carve parallel to cavosurface margin |
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what two techniques are discussed to aid in the adjustment of the occlusal contacts on an amalgam restoration
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articulating paper or shim stock
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What are the advantages of utilizing a rubber dam
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Most complete method of obtaining field isolation is the rubber dam. Use of the rubber dam not only boosts the quality of restorations but also increases quantity of restorative services because patients are unable to talk or expectorate when the dam is in place. The operating field can only be maintained free of saliva and other contaminats with the rubber dam in place, and the field is more accessible, airborne debris is reduced, and the patient feels more comfortable. In addition, it reduces michroleakage on resin composites.
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What type of rubber dam is recommended for operative dentistry procedures
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Rubber dam material is abailable in several thicknesses or gauges. The heavy and extra heavy gauges are recommended for isolation in opertive dentistry. Heavy dams are no more difficult to apply than thinner materials, and heavier dams are less likely to tear. The heavier materials provide a better seal to teeth and retract tissues more effectively than the thinner materials.
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What commonly can cause a rubber dam punch to be damaged so that it will no longer cut a clean hole? (What complications can occur from utilizing a damaged punch)
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Occasionally, the rim of a hole may be damaged because the rotating cutting table was not snapped completely inot position before an attempt was made to punch a dam. Holes must be cleanly cut. A damaged hole rim in the cutting talble will cause incomplete cutting.
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What techniques are available to aid in locating where the holes should be punched in the rubber dam prior to application
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Templates, Stamps, and patients cast.
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What are the three basic types of rubber dam clamps mentioned
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Winged – No W indicates THERE IS WINGS
Wingless – W indicates wingless Butterfly |
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What special purpose does the No. 212SA clamp serve
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This is the butterfly clamp. It is designed to serve as a retractor only. This clamp must be stabilized on the tooth or it may rock mesiodistally during the procedure and damage the root. The double bow fo the No 212SA clamp precludes placement of two clamps on adjacent teeth.
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Why is it important to establish “fourpoint: contact between the clamp and the tooth
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Four-point contact is desirable because of the stability it provides on the tooth surface and resistance to rotation or dislodgment
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How does the author’s philosophy toward the ligation of a rubber dam clamp during an operative procedure differ from that followed in our clinics
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The school says that ligation should be used always, placed on the clamp before inserting the clamp into the mouth, and not taken off the ligation until the clamp has been removed from the mouth. The author believes that ligation is only needed during placement of the clamp and should then be removed.
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What alternative techniques are described for rubber dam retention? P165 (These alternative techniques would mainly be used in our clinic only for the anchorage of an anterior segment of a rubber dam)
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Dental floss or tape is placed doubly through a contact and then cut to a short length so that it does not impede access
A short strip of rubber dam material is cut from the edge of the rubber dam, stretched and carried through the contact, and then allowed to relax to retain the dam Floss is tied to a sterilized rubber plunger from an anesthetic cartridge or similar item and then tied around the most distal isolated tooth Elastic cord is placed interproximally to retain the dam. |
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What is the advantage of using waxed dental floss to help pass the rubber dam through the proximal contact area
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Waxed tape or ribbon floss will carry more of a septum through a contact in a single pass than will the narrower floss.
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Can a rubber dam be placed without the administration of dental anesthesia in the area
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Anesthesia is generally not required. The clamp should be resting on the tooth and not penetrating into the gingiva.
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How should the stability of a rubber dam clamp be checked
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The stability is checked by engaging the bow if the clamp with an instrument and firmly attempting to pull it occlusally. If the clamp rotates on the tooth, it is not stable and should be repositioned or replaced
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What are the four different approaches to dental dam application discussed
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a. Dam over clamp – wingless clamp placed on tooth and damp positioned over the clamp
b. Winged clamp in dam – prior to lubrication of the dam, the clamp is placed into the distal hole so that the hole is stretched over the wings of the clamp from its tissue side c. Wingless clamp in dam – The distal hole of the lubricated dam is passed over the bow of a wingless clamp, so that the hole comes to rest at the junction of the bow and the jaw arms. The clamp pliers are used from underneath. d. Clamp after dam – the dam is applied to the teeth and then the clamp is placed. |
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How does inversion of the dam around the tooth improve the isolation of the operating field?
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When the am is inverted, a positive pressure under the dam simply seves to push the valve more tightly against the tooth so that no flooding fo the field occurs.
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17. What percentage of patients is estimated to be allergic to latex? (What options are available to latex?
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3.7% are reported to have a latex alergy
use nitrile gloves and dams be a soldier and bareback it(not recommended at all) |
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What are three other methods of isolation (mentioned in the text) that can be used if rubber dam isolation is not feasible?
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Svedopter – tongue retraction device
Hygoformic Saliva Ejector Vac-Ejector – bite block, tongue retractor for mandibular areas, and high-speed suction attachment. |
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What is the difference between the universal and Federation Dentaire Internationale systems for numbering teeth
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The universal we all know and love - 1-32
the FDI uses 1-1, 1-2 etc.. the first number is 1 max right, 2 max left, 3 mand left and 4 mand right. the second number is the tooth 1 being a CI, 2 a LI 3 a Canine and so on |
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list the six cavity classifcations
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I - pits and fissures on facial, lingual and occlusal surfaces
II - lesions on interproximal surfaces of posterior teeth III - lesions on proximals of anterior teeth IV - lesions on proximal surface and incisal surface of anteriors V - lesions on smooth surfaces of facial and lingual sides in gingival 1/3 of tooth VI - lesions are in pit or wear defects on incials edges of anterior teeth or cusp tips of posteriors |
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Why are stainless steel instruments better than carbon steel ones
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because all instruments must be sterilized with steam and dry heat.
NOTE THAT CARBON STEEL ARE STRONGER AND MAINTAIN SHARPNESS LONGER |
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What is meant when a hand instrument is balanced
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the working end of the blade is within 2-3 mm of the axis of the handle
this helps keep the instrument from rotating when force is applied to it |
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know your instruments and the differences between them
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know it
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what are the two strokes used with hand instruments
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horizontal strokes - long axis of blade is directed between 45 and 90 degrees to the surface being planed
vertical or "chopping" strokes- blade is nearly parallel with the wall or margin being trimmed |
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give the meaning of the 3 digit numbering system
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the 3 digit system is used for instruments whose primary cutting edge is at a right angle to the long axis of the blade
first number is width of blade in tenths of mm second number is length of blade in mm third number is angle in centigrade made by the long axis of the blade and the long axis of the handle |
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give the meaning of the 4 digits numbering system
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the 4 digit system is used for instruments whose primary cutting edge is NOT at a right angle to the long axis of the blade(gingival margin trimmers for example)
first number is width of blade in tenths of mm second number is the angle in centigrade that the primary cutting edge makes with the axis of the handle third number is length of the blade in mm fourth number is angle in centigrade that the long axis of the blade makes with the handle |
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what does contra angle mean
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the head of the handpiece is first angled away from and then back toward the long axis of the instrument
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what are the highspeed and lowspeed handpieces used for
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highspeed - cutting enamel and dentin, preparing outline
slowspeed - removal of carious dentin, finishing and polishing |
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What is the difference between the US and ISO for bur numbering
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The ISO system uses the diameter to calculate bur size
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what shape are the burs numbered 1/16 thru 11
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round burs
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what are the burs numbered 33 1/2 to 40
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inverted cones
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what are the burs numbered 55 1/2 to 60
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straight fissure
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what are the burs numbered 556 to 560
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straight fissure, crosscut
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what are the burs numbered 1156 to 1158
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strait fissure, rounded end
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what are the burs numbered 168 to 171
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tapered fissure
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what are the burs numbered 1169 to 1171
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tapered fissure, round ended
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what are the burs numbered 699 to 703
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tapered fissure, crosscut
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what are the burs numbered 329 to 332
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pear
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what are the burs numbered 245 and 246
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long inverted cone, rounded corners
NOTE OUR SYLLABUS SAYS 245 AND 330 ARE PEAR SHAPE BURS |
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what are the burs numbered 956 and 957
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end cutting
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what is the difference between a trimming/finishing bur and a cutting bur
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the trimming/finishing burs have more blades thus allowing a finer cut
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how can the use of magnification affect the outcome of a restoratvie procedure
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duh they made us buy loupes
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what methods can be used to make sure a hand instrument is sharp
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run it across a highspeed ejector(or other hard plastic) straw and see if it peels up shavings
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what special technique must be used to sharpen a round bladed cuting instrument such as the cleoid-discoid carver
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the handle cannot be simply twirled but must be moved in an arc to keep the cutting edge of the blade perpendicular to the direction of the stroke
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what is the correct angle of the bevel on a hand cutting instrument
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45 degrees with the face of the blade
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what are the mains uses of the mouth mirror during dental tx
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indirect vision
indirect lighting transillumination retraction |
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how does the correct grasp described in the section for dental instrumentation differ from that used to hold a pencil
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handle of instrument is engaged by the end NOT the side of the middle finger
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Discuss the guidelines presented for the Class I cavity distolingual groove preparation on the typodont tooth.
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a. Enter the distal pit and carry pulpal depth to 1.5 mm
i. Make sure the pulpal wall follows the slope of the DEJ 1. Higher at the lingual than in the distal pit area b. Extend the cavity preparation along the lingual groove and onto the lingual surface to 1.0 mm c. Place the fissure bur (55) on the external lingual surface along the lingual groove and cut axially to the correct depth of 1.0 mm i. The bur should lean slightly buccally while preparing this lingual portion 1. Allow the axial wall to follow the correct DEJ slope d. Flatten and smooth the gingival wall of the lingual box with inverted cone e. Place retentive grooves along the mesioaxial and distoaxial line angles f. Slightly round the axiopulpal line angle i. Reduces the distinct line of stress of a sharp line angle and will aid in avoiding subsequent fracture of the restoration g. Plane all internal walls and cavosurface angles of the cavity prep |
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2. Differentiate between the guidelines presented for the Class I distolingual cavity preparation on a typodont with those on a natural tooth
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On a natural tooth the axial wall is placed 0.5 mm inside the DEJ
On a typodont the axial wall is 1.0 mm inside the DEJ the pulpal wall slants toward the lingual in the DLG instead of being perpendicular with the long axis of the tooth. spare the spare distolingual cusp at all costs. Axial wall should lean slightly towards buccal. round of the axiopulpal line angle. place retentive grooves in the axiomesial and axiodistal line angles. |
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3. Explain the general considerations of ideal Class I distolingual cavity preparation design as they relate to the seven steps of cavity preparation
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Seven steps:
1.Outline form -You don’t want your outline form to be any wider than the 330 burs or any deeper (1.5 mm) -On the lingual extension, the outline form again should not be any wider than the 55 bur and no deeper than 1.0 mm 2. Resistance form -Flat horizontal walls, pulpal wall smooth with slight angulation from distal to lingual (lingual being slightly higher) -Walls at right angles 3. Retention form - Add a dovetail in the distal pit - Add retention grooves in the mesioaxial and distoaxial line angles 4. Convenience form - The head of the smallest condenser must be able to fit in all the cavity preps 5. Remove all remaining caries -Make sure after that all the caries are out of the DLG and that you don’t need to make a small prep in the mesial pit 6. Finish enamel walls and margins -All cavosurface margins on relatively smooth surfaces - Marginal ridges protected - Oblique ridge not undermined -Distolingual cusp protected - Pulpal wall sloped slightly “higher” toward the lingual -Axial wall tilted slightly buccally -Axiopulpal line angle slightly rounded -Gingival wall perpendicular to long axis of tooth 7. Cleanse and debridement -Basically make sure it is clean and dry |
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5. List three advantages of using the dental mirror for indirect vision during operative procedures
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1. Basic comfort of the operator
2. Many areas of the mouth will present problems of inadequate vision, especially the maxillary arch 3. Patient comfort |
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what is a retentive groove
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an extension into the prep that is placed in order to give an increased depth to help keep the amalgam alloy in place in the prep
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How are proximal caries usually initially diagnosed
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Can sometimes be detected visually during a clinical exam, but they are usually detected with BWX
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According to the authors, when should restorative procedures be initiated to treat a proximal carious lesion
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When the carious lesion is more than 2/3 through the proximal enamel and penetrated the DEJ
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3. How does the author’s philosophy concerning the Class II amalgam prep differ form the traditional G.V. Black prep philosophy that is presented in Session 14 of your course manual where all pits and fissures are included in the outline form
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The author states that if there is an occlusal caries lesion present, it should be treates with a separate occlusal restoration. If the prep necessitated by the occlusal caries lesion is in close proximity to the occlusal outline of the proximal prep, and there is minimal or no sound tooth strtucture separating the tow preps, they shold be joined.
- He does not like the “extension for prevention”. The author states that fissures that come into contact of the outline forms should be sealed, not extended further. |
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What is the most commonly used matrix system utilized
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Tofflemire matrix system
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What are the main purposes of a matrix
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4 Confine amalgam so adequate condensation forces can be applied
Allow re-establishment of contact w/ adjacent tooth Restrict extrusion of amalgam and formation of overhang at a hidden margin i.e. gingival margin Provide for adequate physiologic contour for proximal surface of restoration Give a good surface texture to proximal surface, especially since contact area cannot be carved |
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What are the different types of bands available for use with the Tofflemire matrix system
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Flat, pre-contoured, bands with and without memory (dead-soft materials)
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From which side of the tooth should the wooden wedge be placed when using a Tollflemire matrix system
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Can be applied from facial or lingual aspect. It should be inserted from the side with the widest embrasure
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what are the tricks for removing a Tofflemire Matrix
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As the matrix edge comes out of the contact, tip the matrix so the edge will not “flip” the newly carved marginal ridge and break it
Hold a condenser against marginal ridge to support it and prevent it from breaking as matrix is removed Movement of band should be primarily to facial or lingual aspect as band slips occlusally out of contact Band may be cut close to teeth on lingual aspect then pulled facially from contact |
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What is the purpose of GV Blacks 7 steps of cavity prep
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a systematic and scientific approach for efficiently preparing cavity preps
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What is the indication for a class I amalgam restoration
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carious tooth structure in the occlusal fisures(or in facial or lingual pits on posterior teeth) that is detected either clinically or with BWX
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What are the objectives of treatment for a class I amalgam restoration
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eliminate carious lesions, remove any enamel that has been undermined by caries process, to preserve as much sound tooth as possible and create a strong restoration that mimics the original structure and allows little or no marginal leakage
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what is a linear channel on the surface of a tooth that is usually at the junction of dental lobes(cusps or ridges) called
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groove or Developmental groove
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what is a developmental linear cleft that is a result of the incomplete fusion of the enamel of adjoining dental lobes
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fissure
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what is a pinpoint fissure or the junction of several fissures called
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pit
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Does the presence of a deep or stained fissure alone justify putting an amalgam in
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NO
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Should grooves that have no fissures or caries be routinely included in the occlusal outline form of a class I prep for amalgam
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well the book gives a look at how back in the day they did extend to prevent but then in the last sentence says that "extension of cavity preparations through grooves in which there is no fissures is contraindicated"
TAKE IT FOR WHAT ITS WORTH |
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How does the philosophy of the text toward the treatment of a class I cavity differ from GV Blacks extension for prevention throwdown
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the book says that the extension of cavity preps thru fissures not known to be carious cannot be justified
DONT EXTEND TO PREVENT!!!! |
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Are the majority of restorations completely protected from leakage between the tooth and the restoration material
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book says "most restorations exhibit some leakage at their margins, although it is minimal in most cases"
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What is the purpose of establishing smooth curves in the cavity outline
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to allow uncovering of the marigins during carving the amalgam
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Why is it important to prepare the enamel margins at an angle of 90 degrees or more
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very acute amalgam margin angles are much more subject to fx. these fxs can lead to marginal gaps or ditches
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What is the danger for a cusp that is reduced by more than 1/3 of the intercuspal distance during cutting a prep
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it can be too weak to support occlusal forces. It will have to be reduced for coverage with amalgam(complex amalgam restoration- imagine this is post and core which we will cover later on)
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what should be done if an occlusal carious lesion is so extensive that it encroaches the proximal surface or the marginal ridge of a tooth
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consideration should be given to whether or not occlusal forces will contact the area. if so a class II prep should be done
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