Ota - Radiology (Ny!)

Front 1

Generalised osteoporosis is characterized by:
- deficiency of bone mass
- increase of T-score in densitometry
- structural disorder of bones
- increased formation of osteoid

Back 1

Generalised osteoporosis is characterized by:
- deficiency of bone mass+
- structural disorder of bones+

Front 2

In osteoporosis we find:
- elevation of Ca level in blood
- decreased Ca level in blood
- inhibition of osteoblastic activity
- increased fragility of bones

Back 2

In osteoporosis we find:
- inhibition of osteoblastic activity+
- increased fragility of bones+

Front 3

Normal bone in adultes:
- containes about 90% of mineral salts
- containes about 30% of organic matter
- is able to remodel after displaced fracture
- is not able to remodelate after displaced fracture

Back 3

Normal bone in adultes:
- containes about 30% of organic matter+
- is not able to remodel after displaced fracture+

Front 4

Osteoclasts:
- stimulate calcification of bone
- stimulate production of osteoid
- stimulate resorption of bone
- proliferate in hyperparathyreoidism

Back 4

Osteoclasts:
- stimulate resorption of bone+
- proliferate in hyperparathyreoidism+

Front 5

Total bone mass is increasing by:
- stimulation of osteoblastic activity
- stimulation of osteoclastic activity
- inhibition of osteoblastic activity
- inhibition of osteoclastic activity

Back 5

Total bone mass is increasing by:
- stimulation of osteoblastic activity+
- inhibition of osteoclastic activity+

Front 6

Estrogens:
- enhance calcification of bone
- induce osteolysis
- inhibit osteoblastic activity
- increase density of bone

Back 6

Estrogens:
- enhance calcification of bone+
- increase density of bone+

Front 7

Localised osteoporosis can be considered:
- periarticular porosis in rheumatoid arthritis
- involutional osteoporosis in seniors
- postmenopausal osteoporosis
- Sudeck´s dystrophy

Back 7

Localised osteoporosis can be considered:
- periarticular porosis in rheumatoid arthritis+
- Sudeck´s dystrophy+

Front 8

Bone densitometry:
- is a qualitative method of osteoporosis evaluation
- determines the degree of osteoporosis by means of a T-score
- measures absorption of X-rays in bone
- determines the degree of osteoporosis by means of the cortical index

Back 8

Bone densitometry:
- determines the degree of osteoporosis by means of a T-score+
- measures absorption of X-rays in bone+

Front 9

Radiological signs of vertebral osteoporosis are:
- blurring of end plates of vertebral bodies
- wedge-like compresssion of vertebral bodies
- excavation of end plates of vertebral bodies
- localised ostelysis of vertebral bodies

Back 9

Radiological signs of vertebral osteoporosis are:
- wedge-like compresssion of vertebral bodies+
- excavation of end plates of vertebral bodies+

Front 10

Typical osteoporotic fractures are:
- pertrochanteric fracture of femur
- burst fracture of tibia
- fracture of distal radius
- scaphoid fracture

Back 10

Typical osteoporotic fractures are:
- pertrochanteric fracture of femur+
- fracture of distal radius+

Front 11

Rachitis, unlike osteoporosis, is characterised by:
- cup-like blurring of metaphyses
- increased number of fractures
- acceleration of bone aging
- overproduction of osteoid

Back 11

Rachitis, unlike osteoporosis, is characterised by:
- cup-like blurring of metaphyses+
- overproduction of osteoid+

Front 12

Technics of bone densitometry are:
- DEXA
- measurement of Singh´s index
- Q CT
- HRCT

Back 12

Technics of bone densitometry are:
- DEXA+
- Q CT+

Front 13

Which are used for treatment of osteoporosis:
- stroncium ranelate
- bisphosphonates
- chondroprotective drugs
- corticoids

Back 13

Which are used for treatment of osteoporosis:
- stroncium ranelate+
- bisphosphonates+

Front 14

Marked osteoporosis may be seen in:
- Albers-Schonberg disease
- osteogenesis imperfecta
- morbus Cushing
- fluorosis

Back 14

Marked osteoporosis may be seen in:
- osteogenesis imperfecta+
- morbus Cushing+

Front 15

Successful recalcification therapy is reflected on radiographs by:
- densification of growth areas in children
- increase of BMD in adults
- decrease of T-score
- decrease of bone density

Back 15

Successful recalcification therapy is reflected on radiographs by:
- densification of growth areas in children+
- increase of BMD in adults+

Front 16

If fracture is suspected the following imaging methods can be used:
- radiography
- ultrasound
- CT
- MRI

Back 16

If fracture is suspected the following imaging methods can be used:
- radiography+
- CT+

Front 17

Injury of following tissues may be verified by ultrasound:
- bone
- tendon
- cartilage
- ligament

Back 17

Injury of following tissues may be verified by ultrasound:
- tendon+
- cartilage+

Front 18

Typical childhood fractures are:
- pertrochanteric
- subperiostal
- epiphyseolysis
- Monteggia

Back 18

Typical childhood fractures are:
- subperiostal+
- epiphyseolysis+

Front 19

As avulsion fracture occurs in association with:
- femoral neck
- olecranon
- scaphoid
- spina ilica anterior inferior

Back 19

As avulsion fracture occurs in association with:
- olecranon+
- spina ilica anterior inferior+

Front 20

Compressive fractures occur in:
- vertebral bodies
- calcaneus
- clavicle
- metacarpals

Back 20

Compressive fractures occur in:
- vertebral bodies+
- calcaneus+

Front 21

Fissures are usually seen in:
- flat bones
- skull bones
- vertebral bodies
- the coccyx

Back 21

Fissures are usually seen in:
- flat bones+
- skull bones+

Front 22

Fracture with many fragments is:
- comminutive
- compressive
- intraarticular
- burst

Back 22

Fracture with many fragments is:
- comminutive+
- burst+

Front 23

Angular displacement of fragments can be:
- ad latus (transversal)
- with impaction
- valgus
- varus

Back 23

Angular displacement of fragments can be:
- valgus+
- varus+

Front 24

In displacement of the ad longitudinem fragments can be:
- distracted
- contracted
- rotated
- subluxated

Back 24

In displacement of the ad longitudinem fragments can be:
- distracted+
- rotated+

Front 25

As stress fractures can be classified:
- pathologic fractures
- march fractures
- greenstick fractures
- fatigue fractures

Back 25

As stress fractures can be classified:
- march fractures+
- fatigue fractures+

Front 26

Callus in fracture healing is:
- periostal
- endostal
- subcortical
- epiphyseal

Back 26

Callus in fracture healing is:
- periostal+
- endostal+

Front 27

As complication of fracture healing may be considered:
- avascular necrosis
- osteomyelitis
- osteosclerosis
- osteomalacia

Back 27

As complication of fracture healing may be considered:
- avascular necrosis+
- osteomyelitis+

Front 28

To verify an occult fracture we can use:
- repeated radiograph
- CT
- MRI
- contrast examination

Back 28

To verify an occult fracture we can use:
- CT+
- MRI+

Front 29

In recurrent dislocation of shoulder we look for:
- Hill-Sachs lesion of humeral head
- Bankart lesion of glenoid
- Salter-Harris chondral lesion
- SLAP lesion of glenoid labrum

Back 29

In recurrent dislocation of shoulder we look for:
- Hill-Sachs lesion of humeral head+
- Bankart lesion of glenoid+

Front 30

In Monteggia fracture we find:
- fracture of radius
- fracture of ulna
- dislocation of radial head
- distal radio-ulnar subluxation

Back 30

In Monteggia fracture we find:
- fracture of ulna+
- dislocation of radial head+

Front 31

Total endoprosthesis (arthroplasty) can have:
- one component
- two components
- three components
- more components

Back 31

Total endoprosthesis (arthroplasty) can have:
- two components+
- three components+

Front 32

Cervicocapital endoprosthesis (hemiarthroplasty) can be used in replacement of :
- hip
- knee
- shoulder
- ankle

Back 32

Cervicocapital endoprosthesis (hemiarthroplasty) can be used in replacement of :
- hip+
- shoulder+

Front 33

Indication for hip joint replacement is:
- femoral head necrosis
- osteomyelitis
- advanced osteoarthritis
- morbus Perthes

Back 33

Indication for hip joint replacement is:
- femoral head necrosis+
- advanced osteoarthritis+

Front 34

“Halo effect“ makes difficult assessment of prosthesis loosening:
- on radiographic film
- on digital radiography
- on conventional tomography
- on CT

Back 34

“Halo effect“ makes difficult assessment of prosthesis loosening:
- on digital radiography+
- on CT+

Front 35

Varus position of femoral component in hip endoprosthesis leads to:
- break of prosthesis
- loosening of femoral component
- perforation of the tip of component
- aseptic necrosis

Back 35

Varus position of femoral component in hip endoprosthesis leads to:
- loosening of femoral component+
- perforation of the tip of component+

Front 36

X-ray sign of aseptic loosening of endoprosthesis is:
- soft rim
- hard rim
- migration of prosthesis
- osteoporosis

Back 36

X-ray sign of aseptic loosening of endoprosthesis is:
- soft rim+
- migration of prosthesis+

Front 37

In loosening of femoral component we can find:
- periostal reaction
- sclerotisation
- focal osteolysis
- fistulisation

Back 37

In loosening of femoral component we can find:
- periostal reaction+
- focal osteolysis+

Front 38

Paraarticular ossifications around the endoprosthesis:
- appear in acute infection
- appear in creeping infections
- restrict the joint movement
- preceed the periprosthetic fracture

Back 38

Paraarticular ossifications around the endoprosthesis:
- appear in creeping infections+
- restrict the joint movement+

Front 39

Girdlestone operation:
- is a simple extraction of endoprosthesis
- is indicated in periprosthetic fracture
- is indicated in infected prosthesis
- means re-implatation of prosthesis

Back 39

Girdlestone operation:
- is a simple extraction of endoprosthesis+
- is indicated in infected prosthesis+

Front 40

Harris acetabuloplasty:
- is indicated after prosthesis extraction
- means supra-acetabular graft implantation
- means infra-acetabular graft implantation
- prevents femoral component dislocation

Back 40

Harris acetabuloplasty:
- means supra-acetabular graft implantation+
- prevents femoral component dislocation+