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13 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Balance of antagonists (PNF)

Normal mobility and strength ofboth agonist and antagonist muscles to allow successful mo-tor function for activity to occur.

Chopping (PNF)

Bilateral asymmetrical D1 extension. One armperforms the chop and the other hand is placed on the lateral-extensor surface of the distal forearm. The reversal of this pat-tern is the reverse of the chop.

Contracture (PNF)

Fixed posture secondary to shortening or lossof elasticity of ligaments, joint capsule, tendons, and muscles(Preston & Hecht, 1999).

Controlled sensory stimulation (PNF)

Concept that the neuralcomponent of tone can be affected by sensory stimuli appliedin a specific manner to increase or reduce the electrical chargeof interneurons or motor neurons, making them more or lesslikely to fire when they receive additional goal-specific stimulation from supra-spinal centers.

Controlled mobility (PNF)

The ability to perform fluid reversingmotions necessary to perform skilled activity

D1 Extension (PNF)

The final position of D1 extension is shoulderextension, abduction, and internal rotation; elbow extension;and pronation so that the hand passes the hip on the sameside of the body. The wrist, fingers, and thumb extend, andfingers and thumb abduct. During range of motion exercises,D1 extension is combined with its reciprocal, D1 flexion.

D1 flexion (PNF)

The final position of D1 flexion is shoulder flex-ion, adduction, and external rotation; elbow flexion; andsupination so that the hand passes close to the ear on the opposite side of the head. Wrist, fingers, and thumb flex, andfingers and thumb adduct.

D2 extension (PNF)

The final position of D2 extension is shoulderextension, adduction, and internal rotation; elbow extension;and pronation so that the hand moves past the opposite hip.Wrist flexes; fingers flex and adduct; and thumb opposes.During range of motion exercises, D2 extension is combinedwith its reciprocal, D2 flexion.

Lifting (PNF)

Bilateral asymmetrical D2 flexion. One arm per-forms the lift, while the other arm maintains contact on thelateral flexor side of the forearm. The opposite of this patternis called reverse of lift.

Normalization of tone (PNF)

Process of changing excessive tone(hypertonia) or insufficient tone (hypotonia) to a state of normal tone needed for normal motor responses.

Overflow (PNF)

The neuromuscular response to increasing resistance where the electrical activity of the interneuronal poolcontinues to rise with more and more motor units recruitedto fire. Muscles are recruited in a predictable manner.

Reciprocal inhibition (PNF)

The mechanism whereby contraction of an agonist muscle produces inhibition of its antagonist.

Vital functions (PNF)

Respiration, facial motions, tongue motions, swallowing, and bowel and bladder control.