Osteology Sggw Semester 1

Front 1

What two layers does the periosteum consist of?

Back 1

-Fibrous layer

-cambium layer

Front 2

Name the paired "surfaces" designed to join with costal head in Latin

Back 2

-fovea Costalis caudalis

-fovea Costalis cranialis

Front 3

List two vertebrae not having a caput vertebrae (vertebral head)

Back 3

- atlas

- axis

Front 4

Name the plane which divides the body into two symmetrical parts and name the plane parallel to it?

Back 4

- Medial Plane

- Saggital plane

Front 5

Name the basic structural part of the compact bone tissue- in which part of the long bone does the compact substance dominate?

Back 5

- Osteons

-Diaphysis

Front 6

Which cells of the bone tissue are responsible for the osteogenesis and which for the bone resorption?

Back 6

Osteogenisis- osteoblast

Bone resorption - osteoclast

Front 7

Which animal has an unlocked orbit?

Back 7

-Dog

-pig

Front 8

Which parasal sinus is largest in the horse and which in the cow?

Back 8

Horse - Maxillary Sinus

Cow- Frontal sinus

Front 9

What kind of bones can be distinguished in accordance with its shape?

Back 9

-Flat bone

-Long bone

-irregular bone

-Sesamoid bone

-Pneumatic bone

Front 10

Name the bone on which sulcus extensorius is present and the one where processus extensorius is present?

Back 10

-processus extensorius= Distal Phalanx

- Sulcus extensorius= Tibia

Front 11

Name the two surfaces visible in the acetabulum?

Back 11

-Facies lunate

-Fossa acetebuli

Front 12

What are the different parts of the Hyoid apparatus?

Back 12

-Basihyoideum

-Thryohyoideum

-Ceratohyoideum

Front 13

List the different types of sutures in the skull?

Back 13

- Sutura coronalis

- Sutura sagittalis

- Sutura Lambdoideci

Front 14

Give at least two defects of branchiocephalia syndrome?

Back 14

- reduced or missing crista sagitalis extema

- shortened facial part

-elongated soft palate

-stenotic nares

-trachea collapse

Front 15

Name two joints of the vertebrae and ribs

Back 15

- Art. Capitis costae

- Art. Costotransrersarici

Front 16

What parts of the temporal bone are visible in newborns?

Back 16

- pars tymparica

- pars petrosa

- pars squamosal

Front 17

Name the largest sesamoid bone?

Back 17

-Patella

Front 18

Name the most distal Sesamoid bone?

Back 18

- Os Naviculare

Front 19

Name the bone which has (a) Fossa Radialis and (b) Fossa Extensoria?

Back 19

- (a) Humerus

- (b) Femur

Front 20

Which type of bone is typical for (a) body of long bones (b) epiphysis?

Back 20

- (a). Compact bone

- (b). spongy bone

Front 21

What are the two main parts of the skull?

Back 21

- Os Faciei

- Os Cranii

Front 22

What structure comes out of the external occipital protuberance? What is this structure formed by?

Back 22

-Lig. Nuchae

- Funicus nuchae

Front 23

Which two structures in the rib touch the vertebrae?

Back 23

- Caput costae- Facies articularis Capitis costae

- Tuberculum costae

Front 24

Name at least two surfaces of the proximal phalanges? What kind of bone is it?

Back 24

- palmar/plantar surface

- Articular surface

- Long bone

Front 25

Name the foramen in the atlas which is replaced by a notch in the dog?

Back 25

Foramen Alare

- this is Incisura alaris in dog

Front 26

Which thoracic vertebrae articulates with the 5th pair of ribs?

Back 26

-4th and 5th thoracic vertebrae

Front 27

Name the structure formed by the false ribs (costae spuriae)?

Back 27

- Arcus Costalis

Front 28

Which type of bone marrow is typical for flat bones and which is typical for the medullar cavity of long bones?

Back 28

- Red Bone Marrow

- Yellow Bone marrow

Front 29

Name the two processes forming Arcus zygomaticus?

Back 29

- Processus temporalis

- Processus zygomaticus

Front 30

Name the two compartments of maxillary sinus in a horse?

Back 30

- Rostral maxillary sinus

- Caudal maxillary sinus

Front 31

Name two types of bone tissue according to its structure?

Back 31

- Compact bone

-Spongy bone

Front 32

Name two bones forming symphysis pelvina?

Back 32

Os pubis

Os ischii

Front 33

Name the process at the distal extremity of the ulna?

Back 33

Processus styloideus

Front 34

Name two processes at the proximal extremity of the ulna?

Back 34

-Processus coronoideus lateralis + medialis

-processus anconeus

Front 35

Give at least two examples of flat bones?

Back 35

- os ischii

- os pubis

- scapula

- saccrum

Front 36

Name the structures (part of the atlas surrounding) the foramen vertebrale?

Back 36

- Arcus dorsalis

-Arcus ventralis

Front 37

How many ribs does the dog have?

Back 37

13 PAIRS

Front 38

Name the group of ribs forming the Arcus costalis?

Back 38

- Costae Spuriae (false ribs)

Front 39

Name the parts of the sternum laying most caudally and cranially?

Back 39

- Caudally - Cartilago xiphoidea

-medially - corpus sterni

- Cranially - Manubrium sterni

Front 40

How many vertebrae does Os sacrum of the horse consist of?

Back 40

- 5

Front 41

How many lumbar vertebrae does the cow have?

Back 41

- 6

Front 42

In which morphotype of dogs is the external sagittal crest reduced or missing? Is this prognation of mandible typical for this type? (Yes/no)

Back 42

- Brachycephalic

- yes

Front 43

Name the bones bordering the recesses maxillaris?

Back 43

- Ethmoid bone

- Maxillary

-palatine

-lacrimal

Front 44

Name the notch (in Latin) of the mandible between the Processus condylaris and processus coracoideus?

Back 44

- Incisura Mandibulae

Front 45

Name the covering of the outer surface of the skull?

Back 45

- pericranium

Front 46

Which segment of the limb is represented by the scapula? Name the bone representing the same segment of the pelvic limb.

Back 46

- Zonopodium

- Os Coxae

Front 47

Give two examples of animals having an acromion?

Back 47

- dog

- cow

Front 48

Name two parts of the long bone neighbouring with the cartilago ephiphysialis?

Back 48

- Epiphysis

- Metaphysis

Front 49

Give another name to Os Ungalare?

Back 49

- Os unguiculare

- Phalanx distalis

Front 50

Name two surfaces separated by margo coronalis in Os Ungalare?

Back 50

- Facies parietalis

- Facies articularis

Front 51

How many bones is there in the proximal row of the canine carpus? How many in distal row of the porcine tarsus?

Back 51

- Canine: 5

- Porcine: 4

Front 52

Which discipline describes similarities and differences in the anatomy of organisms?

Back 52

Comparative anatomy

Front 53

Name the plane perpendicular to the long axis?

Back 53

- transverse plane

Front 54

List two groups of ossa Capitis?

Back 54

- Ossa Faciei

- Ossa cranii

Front 55

Name The "concavity" where the maxillary foramen (skull) is?

Back 55

-Fossa pterygopalantina

Front 56

Name three bones from the palatum asseum?

Back 56

- Os palatum

- maxilla

- Os incisirum

Front 57

Name the disc of hyaline cartilage that is positioned transversely and between the epiphysis and diaphysis of long bone?

Back 57

A) Metaphysis are areas between epiphysis and diaphysis

B) Epiphyseal plate in growing bones

Front 58

Name the largest sinuses in horse, cow and dog?

Back 58

Horse- Maxillary sinus

Cow- frontal sinus

Dog- recesses maxillaris

Front 59

Name two compartments of maxillary sinus in a horse?

Back 59

Rostral maxillary sinus and caudal maxillary sinus

Front 60

What branch of systematic anatomy describes the sense organs and common integument?

Back 60

Aestesiology

Front 61

Give at least two defects of brachiocephalic syndrome?

Back 61

Stenotic nares, elongated soft palate, tracheal collapse, hypertophic palatine tonsils, everted laryngeal ventricles

Front 62

What is the largest sesamoid bone?

Back 62

Patella

Front 63

Name the most distal Sesamoid bone?

Back 63

Os naviculare

Front 64

List two groups of ossa Capitis?

Back 64

Ossa faciei and Ossa crania

Front 65

Name the process at the distal extremity of the ulna?

Back 65

Processus styloideous lateralis

Front 66

Name two processes at the proximal extremity of the ulna?

Back 66

Processus coronoideus lateralis and processus anconeus

Front 67

Name the bone on which the sulcus extensorius is present?

Back 67

Tibia

Front 68

Name the bone which articulates with the patella?

Back 68

Trochlea Ossis femoris

Front 69

Name two fossa present on the distal extremity of femur?

Back 69

Fossa extensoria

Fossa musculi poplitea

Fossa intercondylaris

Front 70

Name the distal extremity of the ulna in Latin?

Back 70

Caput ulnae

Front 71

Name the middle phalanx in a horse?

Back 71

Phalanx media= Os coronale

Front 72

Name the distal phalanx in a dog?

Back 72

Phalanx distale= Os ungulare

Front 73

Name 2 surfaces separated by margo coronalis?

Back 73

Facies flexoria

Facies solearis

Front 74

Name 2 surfaces on the proximal phalanx?

Back 74

Palmar surface

Plantar surface

Front 75

Name the concavity where the maxillary foramen is present?

Back 75

Orbit

Front 76

Name 3 major parts of the sternum?

Back 76

Manubrium sterni

Corpus sternum

Processus xiphoideus

Front 77

Name in Latin the proximal and middle phalanx of a horse?

Back 77

Os compedale

Os coronale

Front 78

Name the two notches separated by spina ischiadica?

Back 78

Incisura ischiadica major

Incisura ischiadica minor

Front 79

Name the cranial edge on the wing of the ilium extending between tuber coxae and tuber sacrale? Name the lateral surface of the wing?

Back 79

Crista iliaca

Facies glutea

Front 80

Which bones of carpus are fused together in dogs?

Back 80

-Os Carpi radiale

-Os carpi intermedium/ radial carpal bone

-Intermediate carpal bone

Front 81

Which segment of the limb does the scapula represent and which type of bone is it according to geometrical criteria?

Back 81

Zonopodium

Flat bone

Front 82

In which animals do bulla lacrimalis occur?

Back 82

Cattle

Small ruminants

Front 83

Name the bone where crista ethmoidalis and crista conchalis is located?

Back 83

Os nasale

Maxilla

Front 84

Name two processes separated by the incidura Mandibulae?

Back 84

Processus coronoideus

Processus condylaris

Front 85

Specify 3 morphotype of dogs?

Back 85

-Dolichocephalic

-mesaticephalic

- brachycephalic

Front 86

Name 3 bones forming palatinum osseum?

Back 86

-maxilla

- Os incisivum

- Os palatinum

Front 87

Specify bones forming the palatum osseum in cattle and highlight those that have sinuses in their interior?

Back 87

Maxilla

Os incisivum

Os palatinum

Front 88

Name two openings of canalis infraorbitalis?

Back 88

Foramen infraorbitale

Foramen maxillare

Front 89

How many ribs does a horse have?

Back 89

18 pairs

Front 90

Name the cell responsible for the synthesis and mineralization of bone and the cell responsible for absorption of bone?

Back 90

Osteoblasts and osteoclasts

Front 91

What kind of bone is the proximal phalanx?

Back 91

Long bone

Front 92

Which thoracic vertebrae articulate with the 5th pair of ribs?

Back 92

4th and 5th

Front 93

Name the bones bordering the recessus maxillaris?

Back 93

Ethmoid bone

Maxillary

Palatine

Lacrimal

Front 94

Name two surfaces separated by margo coronalis in Os ungulare?

Back 94

Facies parietalis, Facies articularis

Front 95

What kind of bone is a proximal phalanx?

Back 95

Long bone

Front 96

Name the notch in Latin that is located between the Processus coronoideus and processus condylaris?

Back 96

Incisura mandibulae

Front 97

Name two processes formed by Arcus zygomaticus?

Back 97

-Processus temporalis

- Processus frontalis

Front 98

Name two impressions on the area of the caudal cranial Fossa (foramen magnum)

Back 98

- impressio pontina

- impressio medullaris

Front 99

What part of the temporal bone are visible in newborns?

Back 99

- Pars tympanica

- pars petrosa

- pars squamosal

Front 100

Name the paired surface designed to articulate with costal head of ribs?

Back 100

A) fovea costalis cranialis, fovea costalis caudalis, fovea costalis processus transcersi

B) Cranial costal facet, caudal costal facet, transverse costal facet.

Front 101

Which bone has the fovea costalis caudalis?

Back 101

Thoracic vertebrae

Front 102

Give three examples of ribs?

Back 102

Costae verae, costae spuriae and costae flunctuantes

Front 103

Distinguish between dorsal and ventral?

Back 103

Back (Definition)

Front 104

Distinguish between the Palmer and the plantar?

Back 104

Back (Definition)

Front 105

What is bone tissue?

Back 105

Specialised form of connective tissue

Front 106

What are the heart bones called in Latin?

Back 106

Ossa cordis

Front 107

Name the three regions of long bones?

Back 107

Back (Definition)

Front 108

Name the three morphotypes of dog?

Back 108

Back (Definition)

Front 109

Name the bone in the stylopodium of thoracic limb?

Back 109

The Humerus

Front 110

Name the bone in the Zeugopodium of thoracic limb?

Back 110

Radius and ulna

Front 111

Name the bone in the stylopodium in the pelvic limb?

Back 111

Femur

Front 112

Name the bone in the Zeugopodium of the pelvic limb?

Back 112

Metatarsal