Osteology- Cranium And Facial Bones

Front 1

What are the bones of the cranium

Back 1

-frontal bone
-parietal bones (2)
-occipital bone
-temporal bones (2)
-sphenoid bone
-ethmoid bone- olfactory

Front 2

What are the bones of the face?

Back 2

-maxillae (2)
-mandible
-zygomatic bones (2)
-nasal bones (2)
-lacrimal bones (2)
-palatine bones (2)
-inferior nasal conchae (2)
-vomer

Front 3

What is the largest facial bone?

Back 3

Mandible

Front 4

Is the body of the mandible horizontal or vertical?

Back 4

Horizontal

Front 5

Is the Rami of the mandible horizontal or vertical?

Back 5

vertical

Front 6

What are the 3 muscles of mastication?

Back 6

- lateral pterygoid muscle
-temporalis muscle
-masseter muscle

Front 7

What are the main parts of the medial surface of the Ramus?

Back 7

-medial surface
-lingula
-mylohyoid groove
-mandibular foramen
-mandibular canal
** refer to pic on lecture**

Front 8

What are the main features of the body of the mandible?

Back 8

-lower border
-upper border & alveolar process
-angle
-mental foramen
-genial tubercles
-digatric fossa
-sublingual fossa
-submandibular fossa
** refer to pic on lecture**

Front 9

Where are the genial tubericles on the mandible?

Back 9

A

Front 10

What makes the V shape of the retromandibular triangle?

Back 10

External oblique ridge and the pterygomandibular raphe

Front 11

What contributes to the maxilla?

Back 11

-hard palate
-floor and walls of nose
-floor of orbit

Front 12

on the medial aspect of the maxilla, where is the hard palate and floor and walls of nose?

on the lateral aspect of maxilla, where is the floor of orbit?

Back 12

see pic

Front 13

Know this pic for maxilla components

Back 13

see pic

Front 14

What are the main features of the anterior surface of maxilla?

Back 14

-incisive and canine fossae
-canine eminence
-infraorbital foramen (infraorbital nerves and vessels)

Front 15

What is on the posterior surface of maxilla?

Back 15

-maxillary tuberosity
-posterior superior alveolar canal openings

Front 16

What can you see from the orbital surface of the maxilla?

Back 16

see pic

Front 17

What is on the nasal surface of maxilla?

Back 17

-maxillary sinus opening
-lateral wall of nose

Front 18

What does the zygomatic process articulate with?

Back 18

-zygoma

Front 19

What does the frontal process articulate with anteriorly, superiorly and medially?

Back 19

-anterior- with nasal bone
-superior- with frontal bone
-medial- to lateral wall of nose

Front 20

What is the suture called of the palatine process that articulates in the midline?

Back 20

median palatine suture

Front 21

How much of the hard palate does the palatine process form?

Back 21

2/3

Front 22

What forms the floor of the nasal cavity?

Back 22

palatine process

Front 23

What nerve runs through the incisive canal?

Back 23

-nasopalatine

Front 24

Where is the incisive foramen?

Back 24

behind central incisors

Front 25

What does the palatine process articulate posteriorly?

Back 25

palatine bones

Front 26

Where are the greater and lesser foramens?

Back 26

see pic

Front 27

What makes the "L" shape of the palatine bones?

Back 27

horizontal and vertical plates

Front 28

explain the horizontal plates of the palatine bones

Back 28

-form posterior 1/3 of hard palate
-articulate with one another in midline
-anteriorly articulate with palatine process of maxilla
-contribute to greater and lesser palatine foramen

Front 29

explain vertical plates of the palatine bones

Back 29

-contribute to lateral wall of nose
-contribute to greater palatine foramen
-superior surface notched contributes to sphenopalatine foramen

Front 30

Identify parts of the temporal bone from pic

Back 30

see pic

Front 31

Identify external auditory meatus, mandibular fossa and stylomastoid foramen from pic

Back 31

see pic

Front 32

What bone forms the center of the base of skull?

Back 32

Sphenoid bone

Front 33

What does the spenoid bone consist of?

Back 33

-body
-lesser wings
-greater wings
-pterygoid processes

Front 34

What is the fossa on the body of the sphenoid called?

Back 34

-middle cranial fossa

Front 35

What sits in the middle cranial fossa?

Back 35

pituitary gland

Front 36

What part of the sphenoid bone contributes to the anterior part of the middle cranial fossa, optic canal and the superior orbital fissure?

Back 36

- the lesser wings

Front 37

What do the greater wings of the sphenoid contribute to?

Back 37

- floor of middle cranial fossa
-lateral walls of orbits
-suprerior orbital fissure
-lateral walls of cranium

Front 38

What foramen do the greater wings contain?

Back 38

-F. ovale
-F. rotundum
-F. spinosum

Front 39

What does the pterygoid process consist of?

Back 39

- lateral pterygoid plate
-medial pterygoid plate
-hamulus
-pterygoid fossa

Front 40

What are the key landmarks in the infratemporal fossa?

Back 40

- ant- max tuberosity
-sup- temporal bone
- med- lateral pterygoid plate
-lat- zygomatic arch/ramus

Front 41

What does the infratemporal fossa contain?

Back 41

- mandibular branch of Cn V
-pterygoid muscles
-branches of maxillary artery
-pterygoid plexus of veins

Front 42

What are the key landmarks for the ptergopalatine fossa?

Back 42

- anterior wall - posterior surface of maxilla
-posterior wall- inf part of greater wings of sphenoid & pterygoid process of sphenoid
- roof- greater wing of sphenoid
-medial wall- vertical plate of the palatine bone

Front 43

What is the lateral wall and floor of the ptergopalatine fossa replaced by?

Back 43

- pterygomaxillary fissure and palatine canal respectively

Front 44

What does the ptergopalatine fossa contain?

Back 44

- maxillary branch of the Cn V
-end branches of maxillary artery
-pterygopalatine ganglion

Front 45

What does the ptergopalatine fossa communicate with?

Back 45

-post- F. rotundum
-med- phenopalatine f.
-lat- pterygomaxillary fissure
-sup- inferior orbital fissure
-inf- palatine canal