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6 Cards in this Set

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Risk factors for Osteoporosis

- Female


- Older age


- Previous fragility fracture


- Family history


- Smoking


- Low oestrogen (ie post-menopause)


- Corticosteroid use


- Low vit D exposure, calcium intake



Dexa Scan T-score: Osteoporosis

T-score <-2.5

Dexa scan T-score: Osteopenia

T-score<-1.0

Osteoporosis definition

A reduction in bone density AND a deterioration of bone architecture

Osteoporosis: Relevant Ix

1) DEXA scan!


2) X-rays


3) Find cause:


-Serum calcium, vit D, phosphate


- Serology for coeliac (malabsorption?)


- U & E (CKD?)


- Parathyroid hormone


- Thyroid hormone


4) ALP


-

Osteoporosis: Pharmacological Mx

1) Calcium + vit D supplements


2) Bisphosphonates --> eg Alendronate


3) Anti-resorptive agents --> HRT eg Tibolone or SERM eg Raloxifene


4) Monoclonal antibody --> eg Denosumab


5) Synthetic parathyroid --> eg Teriparitide