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14 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Irreversible nucleophiles...
Add twice

CH3Li and LiAlH4
Exceptions to irreversible nucs
Me2CuLi
DiBal
MeMgBr
Hell-Volhard-Zelinksy rxn
Br2, PBr3, H20

adds 2 Br
Aldehyde + base = ?
aldol reaction

form C-C bond

lose O
Aldehyde + base + heat =
Aldol condensation

forms water

forms a double bond
B-dicarbonyl + ketone/aldehyde + base
Knovenagel

NO HEAT

Chain adds to top of ring

Lose O
Ketone + enone + base =
Michael reaction

(chain adds to side of ring)
Carboxylic acid derivatives
Esters RCOOR
Amides RCONHR
Nitriles RCN
Lactones
Cyclic esters
Lactams
Cyclic amides
Smallest pKa...
Cl

most reactive
Largest pKa....
NH3

least reactive
Nitrile hydrolysis reactants?
NaOH, H3O+ qu
Alpha substitution reactants?
Br2, EtO-, O+ -, LDA