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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What mixture is being separated by simple distillation? |
Acetone and 1-propanol |
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What is boiling point? |
When equilibrium vapor pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure |
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What is the boiling point of compounds with higher equilibrium vapor pressure? |
Lower boiling points |
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What does it mean when a compound is volatile? |
Vaporizes at low temperatures (low boiling point) |
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What is Dalton's law? |
Total pressure above a liquid is equal to sum of partial pressures of each component in the mixture |
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What are intermolecular forces influenced by? |
Bond dipoles and molecular dipoles |
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What is the main difference in boiling point between acetone and 1-propanol? |
Hydrogen bonding |
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What is dipole-dipole interaction? |
Interaction between the positive end of a polar molecule and the negative end of a polar molecule |
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When does hydrogen bonding occur? |
When H is bonded to N, O, and F |
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Why is hydrogen bonding strong? |
Because the positive and negative charges are relatively large |
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What happens during fraction 2 of simple distillation? |
Dramatic change in temperature |
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What happens during fraction 1 and 3 of simple distillation? |
Relatively constant temperature |
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What is the mobile phase of GC? |
Helium which is a gas |
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What is the stationary phase of GC? |
Carbowax which is a liquid |
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What is the relationship between volatile solutes and shorter retention time? |
Volatile solutes = lower BP = Higher equilibrium vapor pressure = larger solute concentration in mobile phase = smaller Kc = shorter retention time |
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What is associated with greater molecular weight? |
Greater London dispersion forces which leads to higher boiling point |
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What is the relationship between BP and Kc constant? |
Lower BP = Lower Kc constant Higher BP = Higher Kc constant |
