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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. What is the periodic table and what information does it provide?
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It is a chart of the elements arranged systematically so that elements with similar chemical properties are in the same group or vertical row.
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2. Organic chemistry it primarily the study of materials based on this element?
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Carbon, usually combines with oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, chlorine
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3. Distinguish between a qualitative test and a quantitative test.
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Qualitative tests determines the identity of the tested compound, what exactly it is. Ex) test says it’s heroin and quinine
Quantiative tests determine how much of the compound’s ingredients are present Ex) 90% heroin, 10% quinine. |
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4. An atom is based on these 3 subatomic particles?
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protons, neutrons, and electrons.
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5. Inorganic analysis provides information on what elements?
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all chemical substances that don't contain carbon.
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6. Thin Layer Chromatography is used to separate a combination of compounds. How does this work?
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A solid stationary phase coated on glass plate, and a mobile liqiud phase separates components of the mixture through it's capillary action up the vertical solid phase, causing it's components to be distributed across based on their attraction to the mobile and/or stationary phase.
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7. Why are substantially more organic samples run by the typical crime lab?
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The planet is abundantly organic. Drugs are organic compounds, as are blood and most cottons, rubbers, etc.
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8. We talked about four reasons to use chromatography. Briefly discuss each.
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Analyze- examine the mixtures components and relations to one another
Identify- Determine identity based on known components Purify- Separate components in order to isolate one for further study Quantify- amount of the mixture/components present in sample. |
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9. What is the most frequently used chromatography technique used in the crime lab?
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GC and Mass Spectrometry
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10. What is the most frequent stationary phase used in TLC?
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Silica gel
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11. Briefly describe how TLC works to separate compounds?
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Compound is placed on a stationary phase, mobile phase passes up the stationary phase via capillary action, solubilizing components. Relative attraction to components to mobile or stationary phase determines how far up it will travel.
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12. What does a high Rf value on a TLC plate indicate?
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High reaction rate with the mobile phase.
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13. Liquid chromatography is much more successful at isolating larger amounts of compound, Why?
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They can be any size or length, and contain much more room for the compound to separate itself out,
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14. In general what are the mobile and stationary phases in Gas Chromatography?
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mobile phase is the inert gas running through the column
stationary phase is the thin liquid lining of the column |
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15. What does the column of the GC look like?
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a hair-thin tube coiled on itself so that up to 60 meters can be present on what could be mistaken for a hippie bracelet.
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16. What is Electrophoresis used for?
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separating/characterizing proteins and DNA
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17. What potential is applied in Electrophoresis?
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Electrical
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18. What purpose does a spectrophotometer serve?
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Pick up the individual fingerprint a material that is the absorption spectrum of that chemical substance
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19. Spectrophotometers frequently record spectra in UV, Visible and the ID spectra. What are these spectrums and why are they so commonly used?
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They are the wavelengths of light right above, at, and below our scope of vision so they are easy to pick up.
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20. GC and Mass Spectroscopy are frequently used together. Why are these systems used together and what major purpose is served by each instrument?
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GC separates out the compound into it's components, then the fragmentation of each component will produce a distinct fingerprint of the substance examined.
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