Orbit

Front 1

Optic Canal

Back 1

communicates with middle cranial fossa
-optic nerve
-opthalmic artery

Front 2

Superior Orbital Fissure

Back 2

communicates with middle cranial fossa
-superior opthalmic vein
-V1 branches
-CN 3,4,6

Front 3

Inferior Orbital Fissure

Back 3

communicates with pterygopalatine fossa
-orbital and zygomatic branches of V2
-Inferior Opthalmic Vein
-veins communicating with pterygoid plexus

Front 4

Supraorbital Notch (foramen)

Back 4

supraorbital artery and nerve

Front 5

Infraorbital Groove and Canal

Back 5

infraorbital atery and nerve

Front 6

Nasolacrimal Canal

Back 6

-communicates with inferior nasal meatus
-passage of tears to the nose
-Nasolacrimal duct

Front 7

Sebaceous glands that are associated with eyelashes

Back 7

gland of Zeiss

Front 8

Modified sweat glands that are associated with eyelashes

Back 8

Ciliary Glands

Front 9

dense connective tissue responsible for rigidity of the eyelid

Back 9

tarsal plate

Front 10

what two muscles insert on the tarsal plate?

Back 10

levator palpebrae superioris (voluntary)
Superior Tarsal Muscle (involuntary)

Front 11

tarsal glands secrete?

Back 11

lipid part of tearfilm

Front 12

what is the name of the tarsal gland?

Back 12

Meibomian gland

Front 13

In Bell's Palsy the eyelid cannot fully close this is caused by paralysis of

Back 13

orbicularis oculi muscle
due to damge of CN VII

Front 14

Ptosis (drooping of the eyelid) is caused by?

Back 14

1) Levator palpebrae superioris muscle (In myasthenia gravis from damage to CN3)
or
2)Superior Tarasal Muscle (damage to sympathetic nerves- Horners syndrome)

Front 15

what are the 3 layers of the eye

Back 15

Coats (walls)
Lens
Vitreous Body

Front 16

The outer fibrous layer contains

Back 16

sclera (white)
cornea (transparent)
and Corneoscleral junction (limbus)

Front 17

Vascular layer (Uvea) contains

Back 17

choroid (posterior 5/6)
ciliary body(anterior 1/6)
iris(contians the pupil)

Front 18

Neural layer contains

Back 18

retina

Front 19

The ciliary body is made up of

Back 19

ciliary muscles and ciliary process

Front 20

Ciliary Process secete

Back 20

aqueous humor

Front 21

The ciliary body is made up of

Back 21

-ciliary muscle (III)
-iris has sphincter pupillae and dilator pupillae

Front 22

when ciliary muscles relax they pull on and flatten the lens allowing the eye to see objects that are?

Back 22

far away (far vision)

Front 23

to see closer objects clearly (near vision) the ciliary muscle must

Back 23

contract thereby relaxing the suspensory ligament , in order to thicken the lens (accomodation)

Front 24

Aqueous humor drains to the _______ in the iridocorneal junction

Back 24

trabecular meshwork

Front 25

aqueous humor drains into trachecular meshwork to exit throug the spaces of fontana and into the

Back 25

schlemm's canal (then the scleral venous system)

Front 26

Retina consists of 10 layers an outer ______ and inner ___

Back 26

outer pigmented
inner neural layer

Front 27

Inner neural layer contains

Back 27

Rods
Cones
Bipolar cells
Ganglion cells

Front 28

The optic disc is where the ____ is formed by axons of ganglion cells

Back 28

optic nerve

Front 29

Highest concentration of cones is found in

Back 29

Fovea (most acute vision)

Front 30

Primary Open Angle Glaucoma caused by

Back 30

decreased excretion of aqueous humor in trabecular meshwork

Front 31

what are the extraocular muscles?

Back 31

superior rectus
inferior rectus
lateral rectus
medial rectus
superior oblique
inferior oblique
levator palpebrae superioris

Front 32

All EOM insert onto the eyeball except

Back 32

Levetor palpebrae superioris
(inserts on the eyelid)

Front 33

Test Superior Rectus by:

Back 33

looking laterally and upward

Front 34

Test Inferior Rectus by:

Back 34

looking laterally and downwards

Front 35

Test lateral rectus by:

Back 35

look laterally

Front 36

Test medial rectus by:

Back 36

look medially

Front 37

Test inferior oblique by:

Back 37

look medially and upwards

Front 38

Test superior oblique by:

Back 38

look medially and downward

Front 39

if you damaged the oculomotor nerve what way would the eyeball look

Back 39

lateral and down

Front 40

what are the 3 branches of the Opthalmic Nerve (V1)?

Back 40

Nasociliary
Frontal
Lacrimal

Front 41

Lacrimal Nerve receives GVE

Back 41

postganglionic parasympathetic fibers (GVE) from Pterygopalatine ganglion via branch of of zygomatic nerve

Front 42

Lacrimal Nerve GSA

Back 42

sensory of the lacrimal gland, conjunctiva, lateral part of upper eyelid

Front 43

Frontal Nerve divides into

Back 43

supratrochlear nerve
supraorbital nerve

Front 44

Front GSA fibers supply

Back 44

sensory to conjunctiva, upper eyelid, parts of forehead and scalp

Front 45

what branch of nasociliary nerve carry sympathetic fibers to the dilator pupillae muscle

Back 45

long ciliary nerves

Front 46

Branch of nasociliary nerve that branches of ciliary ganglion, carry sympathetic, parasympathetic and GSA fibers

Back 46

short ciliary nerves

Front 47

GSA only branches of the Nasociliary nerve

Back 47

Infratrochlear nerve
Anterior Ethmoidal
Posterior Ethmoidal
Long Ciliary Nerves (fibers to the iris and cornea - cornea reflex)

Front 48

Signs of Horner's Syndrome

Back 48

Ptosis
Miosis
Anhidrosis
Enophthalmos

Front 49

Cornea reflex affarent limb

Back 49

CN 5

Front 50

Cornea reflex efferent limb

Back 50

CN 7 (innervate orbicularis oculi)

Front 51

Pupillary light reflex afferent limb

Back 51

CN 2

Front 52

Pupillary light reflex efferent limb

Back 52

CN 3