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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Molluscum Contagiosum
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- Caused by pox virus
- Many more lesions develop compared to non-immunocompromised patient - Facial skin is usually affected - Lesions tend not to regress, unlike their normal course in immune competent person |
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Persistent Lymphadenopathy
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- Generalized non-tender lymphadenopathy
- Cervical lymph nodes are frequently affected, including post cervical nodes - Other causes of lymphadenopathy may have to be ruled |
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Infections of Probable Bacterial Etiology (4)
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1- Linear gingival erythema
2- NUG 3- HIV-related periodontitis 4- Necrotizing stomatitis |
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Linear Gingival Eythema
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- Red, linear band at the marginal gingiva
- Spontaneous bleeding may be noted - Not improved by oral hygiene |
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NUG
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- Similar to that seen in immunocompetent
- May be seen in a setting of relatively few apparent local factors - Responds to standard therapy, but requires prophylactic chlorhexidine use with 2x daily rinses for control |
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HIV-Related Periodontitis
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- Pain and spontaneous gingival bleeding
- Interproximal necrosis and cratering - Edema and intense erythema - Extremely rapid bone loss that occurs concurrently with soft tissue destruction; therefore, no pocketing is evident! |
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Necrotizing Stomatitis
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- Much more severe presentation of NUG or HIV-related periodontitis
- Extensively painful tissue destruction that not only affects gingiva and supporting alveolar bone, but also adjacent soft tissue and deeper osseous structure - Management includes extensive debridement, topical antiseptics, and systemic antibiotics - Prognosis is guarded |
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HIV- Related Viral Infections (4)
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1- Herpes simplex
2- Varicella-zoster 3- Epstein-Barr virus 4- HPV |
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Herpes Simplex Infections
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- Represent reactivation of virus in most cases
- May affect any oral mucosal surface - Typically present as persistent painful diffuse shallow ulceration - Must be treated w/ acyclovir or one of the acyclovir analogues |
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Herpes Zoster Infection
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- Generally more of a problem from a cutaneous standpoint
- May involve the head and neck area - Unilateral distribution of vesicles and ulcers is usually a helpful diagnostic clue |
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Hairy Leukoplakia
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- Most are HIV-infected (other immunocompromised ppl)
- Non-removable white plaques of the lateral tongue - Caused by Epstein-Barr virus; often superimposed candidiasis - No Tx necessary |
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HPV
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- Seen w/ increased frequency intraorally compared w/ non-immunocompromised pop.
- Exophytic lesions, solitary or multiple, that may resemble routine squamous papilloma, condyloma or focal epithelial hyperplasia |
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AIDS-Related Kaposi Sarcoma
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- Usually affects homosexual males
- Etiology seems linked to HHV-8 - Of patients who develop KS, half will have oral involvement, usually palate or gingiva - Tx typically only for cosmetic or functional problem - Patients usually expire due to infectious causes, rather than KS - Managed w/ excision, local radiation therapy or intralesional vinblastine injections |
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AIDS-Related Lymphoma
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- Often extra-nodal (CNS or GI tract)
- Clincally may resemble KS, but not as common - Very poor prognosis in most cases, w/ median survival of 3-4 months typically reported |
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Apthous-Like Ulcerations
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- Probable immune-mediated etiology
- Painful, persistent- may be solitary or multiple - May need to rule out infectious etiology by means of culture, exfoliative cytology or biopsy - Respond to topical corticosteroids |