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11 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
General examination information
breed/age narrows list of possibilities, most diagnoses are anatomic at first thena work up is done to find cause, work outside to in, be systematic
setting/equipment
dim light/rheostat
finoff transilluminator
direct ophthalalmoscope
slit-beam penlights
heine, eidolon, kowa "slit-lamp"
equipment
optivisor loupes-5x
magnifying loupes-orascoptic, zeiss, keeler
dissecting microscope
operating microscope
restraint
less is better
sedation/anesthesia may make it harder
closer inspection
symmetry
palpate
pain on opening mouth
pupilary light reflex
stimulus: light
receptor: photoreceptors
affarent neuron: II
efferent neuron: III
effector: iris sphincter
response: constrict pupil
menace response
stimulus: hand motion
receptor: photoreceptors
affarent neuron: II
efferent neuron: VII
effector: orbicularis oculi
response: close eye
dazzle
stimulus: bright light
receptor: photoreceptors
affarent neuron: II
efferent neuron: VII
effector: orbicularis oculi
response: blink, turn head
blink
stimulus: touch lids
receptor: touch in skin
affarent neuron: V ophth/max
efferent neuron: VII
effector: orbicularis oculi
response: blink
cornea
stimulus: touch cornea
receptor: touch in cornea
affarent neuron: V ophth
efferent neuron: VII
effector: orbicularis oculi
response: blink
doll's eye VOR
stimulus: head motion
receptor: semicercular canals
affarent neuron: VIII
efferent neuron: III
effector: extraocular muscles
response: keep line of sight