Operative A1: Intro To Operative Dentistry

Front 1

What are the 7 indications for operative dentistry?

Back 1

1) Caries
2) Prevention
3) Iatrogenic dentistry (replace faulty restorations)
4) Aesthetics (be careful not to create iatrogenic problems)
5) Congenital defects
6) Erosion, abrasion, abfraction
7) Trauma

Front 2

What 5 things did GV Black invent?

Back 2

1) Rotary drill
2) Numbering system for instruments
3) Classes (I, II, III...)
4) Steps in cavity prep
5) Formula for dental amalgam

Front 3

What are the following:

1) Class I
2) Class II
3) Class III
4) Class IV
5) Class V
6) Class VI

Which are on anterior teeth only?

Back 3

1) Pits + fissures on anterior+ posterior
2) Proximal surfaces on posterior
3) Proximal surfaces on anterior
4) Proximal surfaces on anterior + incisal angle
5) Facial/lingual in gingival 1/3
6) Cusp tip pits/incisal edge

Anterior teeth only: 3 and 4

Front 4

What are the 7 steps in cavity prep?

Back 4

1) Outline
2) Resistance
3) Retention
4) Convenience
5) Removal of caries
6) Finish prep
7) Toilet prep

Front 5

What is outline form?

Back 5

Outline of cavity on surface of the tooth.

Front 6

What is the purpose of:

1) Resistance form

2) Retention form

3) Convenience form

4) Removal of decay (what are the two requirements

5) Finishing the prep

6) Toilet of the prep

Back 6

1) Resistance form - prevention of tooth/amalgam crack, lateral movement of restoration

2) Retention form - vertical
displacement of amalgam

3) Observation of all internal aspects of cavity prep, access for instruments to remove caries

4) Atraumatic to pulp, minimize further removal of good tooth structure

5) Plane/smooth walls and margins - remove loose enamel rods, smooth rough edges of margins with a bevel, chamber, butt joint

6) Remove debris with air/water syringe, disinfect with chlorhexadine/HEMA

Front 7

What are the 5 textbooks used for this class?

Back 7

1) Sturdevant's Art and Science of Restorative Dentistry (Roberson)

2) A Contemporary Approach to Fundamentals of Operative Dentistry (Summitt)

3) Guide to Occlusal Waxing (Shillingburg)

4) Wheeler's Dental Anatomy (Nelson)

5) Clinical Aspects of Dental Materials, Theory, Practice and Cases (Gladwin)

Front 8

What are the indications for a class I amalgam?

Back 8

1) Non-esthetic area
2) Moderate-large restorations
3) Heavy contact area
4) Unable to isolate
5) Abutment for RPD
6) Restorations onto root

Front 9

What are you preventing with resistance form? What criteria do you need to do so?

Back 9

1) Fracture of amalgam - it needs bulk, so 1.5 mm depth and cavosurface of 90 degrees

2) Fracture of tooth - cavosurface angle of 90 degrees, remove unsupported enamel rods, diverge M&D marginal ridge,

3) Lateral displacement of restoration

Front 10

If you have unsupported enamel rods, what kind of problem is this and what will occur?

Back 10

Resistance - recurrent decay will happen in groove between enamel and groove

Front 11

If you have thin amalgam, what kind of problem is this and what will happen?

Back 11

Resistance - amalgam <1.5 mm will fracture under load, form new groove between tooth rods and amalgam

Front 12

What is retention form aimed to prevent and how do you accomplish this?

Back 12

Vertical movement of amalgam, buccal/lingual walls converge so you can't see buccopulpal/linguopulpal line angles

Front 13

What does convenience form do? Will the pulpal floor always be flat?

Back 13

Facilitate removal of decay - can't remove what you can't see or feel, so it lets you see it. No - may not always be flat, no need to extend depth of whole floor

Front 14

What is the purpose of finishing the prep, and what instruments do you use?

Back 14

Remove any unsupported enamel rods, use hoes and chisels and margin trimmers

Front 15

What metals are in an amalgam alloy?

Back 15

Mix liquid mercury with solid silver, tin, copper, zinc

Front 16

What class restorations do you use amalgam for?

Back 16

Posterior (1, 2, 5, 6)

Front 17

What are the 6 advantages of using amalgam?

Back 17

1) Not technique sensitive - easy to insert
2) Maintain anatomical form
3) Minimize marginal leakage due to corrosion
4) Resistance to fracture
5) Long life
6) Inexpensive

Front 18

What are the 6 disadvantages of using amalgam?

Back 18

1) Marginal breakdown
2) Poorly bonded to teeth
3) Color
4) Brittle/less tough than desired
5) Subject to corrosion, galvanic action
6) Bio concerns

Front 19

What are the advantages of lathe cut amalgam?

Back 19

1) Resists condensation more than spherical
2) Adapts well to cavity walls
3) Easier to obtain good interproximal walls

Front 20

What are the advantages of spherical amalgam?

Back 20

1) Requires less Hg to wet surface
2) Sets rapidly, greater early strength
3) Smoother surface, less corrosion

Front 21

What is the weakest stage? Why is it weak?

Back 21

Gamma2 (tin mercury) - most electronegative, more corrosion prone

Front 22

1) What in admixed alloy amalgam?

2) What are the benefits of them?

3) Why is it better?

Back 22

1) 12% copper, 25-60% spherical, 40-75% lathe - first high copper containing amalgams

2) Increased compressive strength, less marginal ditching, adapts to walls well and good interproximal contact. Excellent corrosion resistance, increased longevity

Eliminates gamma 2 reaction because of higher copper content (no tin mercury phase) - copper binds to tin instead of letting tin mercury form

Front 23

What is unicompositional amalgam? What phase is eliminated?

What are the advantages?

Back 23

All spherical amalgam. No gamma 2.

Sets rapidly, greater early strength.
Smoother surface/less corrosion

Front 24

What is trituration?

What do excessive wrinkles indicate?

What happens if you overtriturate?

Back 24

Mix of alloy/Hg with amalgamator.

Under trituration.

Won't come out of cap, will set too fast

Front 25

How many seconds do you need to triturate a:

1) Admixed Particle Amalgam, 2 spill regular set (blue)

2) Admixed Particle Amalgam, 3 spill regular set (yellow)

3) Admixed Amalgam Ionosphere, 2 spill (gray + aqua)

4) Admixed Amalgam Ionosphere, 3 spill (aqua)

Back 25

1) 11-17 s
2) 10-14 s
3) 8-12 s
4) 12-16s
@ turtle speed

Front 26

Describe the reaction stages of silver tin + mercury.

Back 26

Ag3Sn + Hg = Ag2Hg3 (silver mercury, strongest) + Sn7-8Hg (Tin mercury, weakest) + Ag3sn URP (silver tin unreacted)