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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Define "Process strategy"
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The pattern of decisions made in managing processes so that they will achieve their competitive priorities
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What are the 4 common process decisions?
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1. Process structure
2. Customer involvement 3. Resource flexibility 4. Capital intensity |
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What are the 4 choices for manufacturing processes structure?
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1. Job Process
2. Batch Process 3. Line Process 4. Continuous Flow Process |
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Define "economies of scope"
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Economies that reflect the ability to produce multiple products more cheaply in combination than separately
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Define "reengineering"
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The fundamental rethinking and radical redisign of processes to improve performance dramatically in terms of cost, quality, service, and speed.
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Define "process improvement"
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The systematic study of the activities and flows of each process to improve it.
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Define "flexible flow"
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The customers, materials, or information move in diverse ways, with the path of one customer or job often crisscrossing the path the next one will take
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Define "line flow"
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The customers, materials, or information move linearly from one operation to the next, according to a fixed sequence.
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What are some characteristics of services?
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-intangible
-zero inventory -consumed as produced -consumers as co-producers -roles of customers, service providers -location issues |
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What are the 4 customer contact and process elements?
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1- active contact
2- passive contact 3- process complexity 4- process divergence |
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Define "process complexity"
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the number and intricacy of the steps required to perform the process
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Define "process divergence"
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the extent to which the process is highly customized with considerable latitude as to how it is performed.
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Define "job process"
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A process with the flexibility needed to produce a wide variety of products in significant quantities, with considerable complexity and divergence in the steps performed.
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Define "batch process"
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A process that differs from the job process with respect to volume, variety and quantity.
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Define "line process"
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A process that lies between the batch and continuous processes on the continuum; volumes are high and products are standardized, which allows resources to be organized around particular products.
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Define "continuous flow"
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The extreme end of the high-volume, standardized production and rigid line flows, with production not starting and stopping for long time intervals.
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What are 4 production and inventory strategies?
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1. make-to-order
2. assemble-to-order 3. make-to-stock 4. mass production |
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Define "flexible workforce"
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a workforce whose members are capable of doing many tasks, either at their own workstations or as they move from one workstation to another.
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Define "flexible equipment"
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low volumes mean that process designers should select flexible, general-purpose equipment.
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Define "capital intensity"
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the mix of equipment and human skills in the process; the greater the relative cost of equipment, the greater is the capital intensity
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What are 3 types of capital intensity?
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1- automation
2- fixed automation 3- flexible (or programmable) automation |