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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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adaptive radiation
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rapid branching through speciation of a phylogenetic tree into many closely related species |
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biodiversity
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variety of a biological system, typically conceived as the number of species, but also applying to genes, biochemistry, and ecosystems |
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biodiversity hotspot
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concept originated by Norman Myers to describe a geographical region with a large number of endemic species and a large percentage of degraded habitat |
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bush meat
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wild-caught animal used as food (typically mammals, birds, and reptiles); usually referring to hunting in the tropics of sub-Saharan Africa, Asia, and the Americas |
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chemical diversity
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variety of metabolic compounds in an ecosystem |
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chytridiomycosis
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disease of amphibians caused by the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis; thought to be a major cause of the global amphibian decline |
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DNA barcoding
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molecular genetic method for identifying a unique genetic sequence to associate with a species |
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ecosystem diversity
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variety of ecosystems |
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endemic species
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species native to one place |
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exotic species
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species that has been introduced to an ecosystem in which it did not evolve; also known as invasive species |
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extinction
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disappearance of a species from Earth; local extinction is the disappearance of a species from a region |
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extinction rate
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number of species becoming extinct over time, sometimes defined as extinctions per million species–years to make numbers manageable (E/MSY) |
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genetic diversity
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variety of genes in a species or other taxonomic group or ecosystem, the term can refer to allelic diversity or genome-wide diversity |
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heterogeneity
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number of ecological niches |
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megafauna
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large animals |
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secondary plant compound
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compound produced as byproducts of plant metabolic processes that is usually toxic, but is sequestered by the plant to defend against herbivores |
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species-area relationship
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relationship between area surveyed and number of species encountered; typically measured by incrementally increasing the area of a survey and determining the cumulative numbers of species |
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tragedy of the commons
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economic principle that resources held in common will inevitably be overexploited |
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white-nose syndrome
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disease of cave-hibernating bats in the eastern United States and Canada associated with the fungus Geomyces destructans |
