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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Rotator cutt muscles.
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Suprespinatus (abduction of arm)
Infraspinatus (arm exter rota) Teres minor (arm exter rota) Subscapularis (arm intern rota) |
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Most commonly injured rotator cuff muscle.
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Supraspinatus.
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Arm abduction.
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Supraspinatus, deltoid.
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Arm adduction.
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Pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi.
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Arm flexion
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Coracobrachialis, anterior portion of deltoid.
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Arm extension.
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Latissimus dorsi, teres major, posterior deltoid.
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Arm external rotation.
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Infraspinatus, teres minor.
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Arm internal rotation.
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Subscapularis, pectoralis major, teres major, latissimus dorsi.
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Subclavian artery.
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-subclavian artery pass btw anterior and middle scalenes.
-subclavian vein passes anterior to anterior scalene. |
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Radial artery.
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-course lateral aspect of forearm
-supply to elbow, wrist, dorsal aspect of hand, most deep palmar arterial arch. |
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Ulnar artery.
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-cours emedial aspect of forearm
-supply elbow, wrist, dorsal aspect of hand, most of superficial palmar arterial arch. |
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C5
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-Lateral arm and lateral aspect of elbow.
-Deltoid and biceps. -Biceps reflex. |
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C6
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-Lateral forearm and thumb.
-biceps and wrist extensors. -brachioradialis reflex. |
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C7
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-Sensation to Middle finger.
-triceps and wrist flexor. -triceps reflex. |
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C8
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-Sensation of little finger and middle forearm.
-Wrist flexors and interossi. -no reflex involvement. |
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T1
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-Medial albow and medial arm sensation.
-interossi -no reflex involvement. |
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Motion test of shoulder.
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Apley's scratch test.
Spencer technique. |
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Deep tendon reflex.
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4/4 = brisk w/ sustained clonus.
3/4 = brisk w/ unsustained clonus. 2/4 = Normal 1/4 = decreased but present 0/4 = absent |
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Thoracic outlet syndrome.
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-Pathogenesis: compression of neurovascular bundle (subclavian vessels and brachial plexus) in 1. btw anterior and middle scalenes. 2. btw clavicle and 1st rib, 3. btw pectoralis minor and upper ribs.
-Pain at neck or radiating to arm. -Often positive Adson's, Roo's, or hyperabduction test. |
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Supraspinatus tendonitis.
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-Pathogenesis: con't impingement of greater tuberosity against acromion as arm is flexed and internally rotated.
-Pain/tenderness at tip of acromion. -Signs/Symptoms: pain exacerbated by abduction ("painful arc"), positive drop arm test. |
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Rotator cuff tear
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-Tear at the insertion, usually supraspinatus.
-tenderness below tip of acromion. -Weakness in active abduction, along w/ positive drop arm test. Atrophy is common. |
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Wining of scapula.
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-weakness of anterior serratus m.
-long thoracic n. injury. |
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Brachail plexus injury.
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-most common = Erb-Duchenne's palsy = upper arm paralysis caused by injury to C5 and C6 nerve roots during childbirth.
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Nerve innervation: primary flexors of wrist and hand.
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Median nerve.
(except for flexor carpi unlarnis [ulnar n.]) |
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Nerve innervation: Extensors of wrist and hand.
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Radial nerve.
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Nerve innervation: Primary supinators of forearm.
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Biceps--Musculocutaneous nerve
and supinator--radial n. |
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Nerve innervation: Primary pronators of forearm.
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Pronator teres and pronator quadratus--Radial n.
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Innervation of thenar eminence.
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Median nerve
(except for adductor pollicis brevis [ulnar.]) |
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Innervation of hypothenar eminence and interossi.
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Ulnar nerve.
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Ulnar nerve innervation.
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-Hypothenar eminence
-interossi. -medial 1.5 finger doral and ventral aspect. |
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Median nerve innervation.
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-thenar eminence except adductor pollicis brevis (ulnar .)
-Medial 3.5 fingers ventral and doral aspect. -Lateral half of palm. |
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Radial nerve innervation.
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-Medial half of dorsum of hand.
-Lateral aspect of thumb. |
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Carpal tunnel syndrome.
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-Patho: Median nerve entrapment btw longitudinal tendon of hand and flexor retinaculum.
-Location: Parasthesia on palmer surface of thumb and first 2.5 digits. -Signs/symptoms: weakness, atrophy. Symptoms reproduced w/ Tinel's phalen, and prayer tests. |
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Lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow).
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-Patho: strin of extensor muscle of forearm near lateral epicondyle.
-Location: pain over lateral epicondyle that worsen w/ supination against resistance. |
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Medial epicondylitis (golfer's elbow).
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-Patho: strain of flexor muscle of forear near medial epicondyle.
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