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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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PPARg2 |
Adipose |
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Heparin MOA |
Activates AT III LMWH/fondaparinux targets Factor Xa instead of ATIII |
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Most likely cause of pseudotumor in well-positioned THA? |
Fretting and corrosion form the taper |
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Gait pattern most likely associated with knee OA progression |
Increased adductor moment |
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Major controlling molecule for tendon collagen fiber size |
Decorin: regulates assembly of collagen fibrils |
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Marfan's results from deficiency in what gene, associated protein? |
FBN1/fibrillin |
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Cause of age-related increased cartilage brittleness |
Increase in advanced glycation end products (water content increases with OA, decreases with age-related brittleness; proteoglycan is hydrophilic and follows suit) |
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Which molecule most responsible for hydration of intervertebral disk |
Aggrecan |
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Collagen for annulus fibrosis |
type I |
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Collagen for nucleus pulposus |
type II |
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MOA of denosumab |
RANKL inhibitor |
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What does osteoprotegrin (OPG) do? |
Competitively binds to RANKL preventing binding to RANK on osteoclasts (produced by osteoblasts, binds and sequesters RANKL) |
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Synonym for NF-kB? |
RANK |
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Cellular action of PTH |
Stimulates adenylyl cyclase, stimulates RANKL formation |
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PGE2 cellular action |
Activates adenylyl cyclase |
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What is the function of sclerostin in adult bone homeostasis? |
Decreases bone formation by inhibiting osteoblastogenesis; created by osteocyte, antagonizes Wnt |
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Within how many days of surgery is it considered a surgical site infection? How does arthroplasty affect this? |
30 days; 365 for arthroplasty |
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Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy genetics |
XL recessive |
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What is the genetic inheritance of hypophosphatemic rickets? |
X-linked dominant |
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Autosomal dominant diseases (at least 4) |
Achondroplasia, HME, Marfan's syndrome, osteopetrosis |
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Protein deficiency in Duchenne's MD |
Dystrophin |
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What factor is most commonly used to stimulate cartilage regeneration in vitro |
TGF-beta |
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Which immune cell type is involved in metal allergy associated with orthopaedic implants? |
T-lymphocytes, type IV response (delayed) |
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Which ion and ion channel responsible for generation of a nerve action responsible? |
Sodium voltage gated |
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Cell type affected in Paget's |
osteoclast (remember elevated ALP and urinary hydroxyproline; microscopically osteoblasts and osteoclasts on both sides of bone) |
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What happens to the size and cellularity of the nucleus pulposus proportional to the intervertebral disk after birth? |
Decrease in size and cellularity (notochord cells dying) |
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Most common fiber type of ACL |
Collagen type I |
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WHO Definition of osteopenia |
T score between 1 and 2.5 below norm |
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List diseases based on transposition: 11:22 X:18 12:16 12:22 9:22 |
11:22 - Ewing X:18 - Synovial sarcoma (SYT-SXX1) 12:16 - Myxoid or round cell liposarcoma 12:22 - clear cell sarcoma 9:22 CML, myxoid chondrosarcoma |
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What sarcomas metastasize to lymph nodes (mnemonic) |
ESARC Epithelial Synovial Angio Rhabdomyo Clear cell |
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Synthesizing mRNA from DNA is known as |
Transcription |
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Which inflammatory marker associated with osteolysis associated with hardware? |
IL-6 |
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What is the mutation for type II vitamin D-dependent rickets? |
Inactivating mutation of 1,25-hydroxyvitamin vitamin D receptor |
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What is the cause of:
Vitamin D resistant rickets Type I vitamin D dependent Type II vitamind D dependent |
Renal tubular issue 25 hydroxylase receptor |
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Increasing myelin sheath thickness does what? |
Increases the speed of wave propagation |
