Og Chem Chapter 1 And 2

Front 1

1st shell n=1 has how many orbitals

Back 1

1 1s orbital

Front 2

Second shell contains?

Back 2

1 s and 3 p orbitals

2s 2p 2px 2py 2pz

Front 3

Third shell contains ?

Back 3

1s orbital 3p orbital and 5d orbitals

Front 4

Valence electron

Back 4

Occupying the highest energy shells

Front 5

Core electron

Back 5

Occupying the lower energy shells

Front 6

Covalent bond

Back 6

Sharing of electrons between two or more atoms

Front 7

Bond length

Back 7

Double bonds are shorter and stronger than single bonds and triple bonds are shorter and stronger than double bonds

Front 8

Polar covalent bonds and ionic bonds

Back 8

Electron bonds are not always shared equally when atoms have a moderate difference in electronegativity they are considered polar covalent bonds when they have large differences in electronegativity they can be considered ionic bonds

Front 9

Electronegativity

Back 9

Increases on the periodic table from left to right in the same column from bottom to top

Front 10

Polar bonding

Back 10

Results in partial charges results from differences in electronegativity

Front 11

Nonpolar bonds

Back 11

Little to no difference in electronegativity of the atom

Front 12

Ionic bonding

Back 12

If the difference is more than two and electronegativity it becomes ionic

Front 13

Formal charge and oxidation state

Back 13

To determine formal charge each pair of electrons in a covalent bond is split evenly between the two atoms bonded together

To determine oxidation States each pair of electrons that make up a covalent bond is assigned to the more electronegative atom