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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Arenes
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Aromatic hydrocarbons containing one or more benzene rings
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Aromatic compound
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Any compound that has has a benzene ring
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Peptide
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A compound made of amino acids linked by peptide bonds
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Amino acid
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The building blocks for peptides and proteins
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How many amino acids does the body have?
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20
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General formula of alpha-amino acid
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RCH(NH2)COOH
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Amino acids are soluble in...
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Acids and bases
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What is the R group of glycine?
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H
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zwitterion
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dipolar ionic for of an amino acid that is formed by the donation of a hydrogen ion from the carboxyl group to the amino group.
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Isoelectric point
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The pH value at which the amino acid exists as a zwitterion
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Isoelectric point of glycine
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5.97
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Isoelectric point of alanine
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6.01
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Isoelectric point of leucine
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5.98
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Isoelectric point of serine
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5.68
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Isoelectric point of proline
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6.48
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At a pH higher than the isoelectric point what charge does the amino acid have?
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Negative
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At a pH lower than the isoelectric point what charge does the amino acid have?
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Positive
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At a pH higher than the isoelectric point, how does the amino acid behave?
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Behaves as an acid
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At a pH lower than the isoelectric point, how does the amino acid behave?
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Behaves as a base
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Condensation reaction
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One in which two small molecules react together to form a larger molecule with the elimination of a smaller molecule such as water
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Conditions required for acid hydrolysis
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Reflux with 6moldm-3 HCl for 24hours
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Conditions required for alkaline hydrolysis
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NaOH (aq) at 100 degrees
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Stereoisomers
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Species with the same structural formula but with a different arrangement of the atoms in space
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Chiral carbon
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is a carbon atom attached to four different atoms or groups of atoms
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Optical isomers/ Enantiomers
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are stereoisomers that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other
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